1. Dissociative and Somatoform Disorders
PSY 436
Instructor: Emily Bullock Yowell, Ph.D.

2. Dissociative Disorder
Dissociative Disorder: Disruption or dissociation of the functions of identity, memory, or consciousness that normally make us whole.
Disturbance may be sudden, gradual, transient, or chronic
Types of Dissociative Disorders
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dissociative Amnesia
Dissociative Fugue
Depersonalization Disorder
Dissociative Disorder NOS

3. Dissociative Identity Disorder
DID Diagnostic Criteria
The presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states
At least two of these identities recurrently take control of the person’s behavior
Inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness
Not due to substance effects or general medical condition

4. Dissociative Amnesia Dissociative Amnesia Diagnostic Criteria
One or more episodes of inability to recall important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness
Does not occur exclusively during the course of DID, Dissociative Fugue, PTSD, Acute Stress Do, or Somatization Disorder. Not due to substance or general medical condition
Causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning

5. Dissociative Fugue Dissociative Fugue Diagnostic Criteria
The predominant disturbance is sudden, unexpected travel away from home or one’s customary place of work, with inability to recall one’s past
Confusion about personal identity or assumption of a new identity
Does not occur exclusively during the course of DID and not due to a substance or general medical condition
Causes significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning

6. Depersonalization Disorder
Depersonalization Disorder Diagnostic Criteria
Persistent or recurrent experiences of feeling detached from and as if one is an outside observer of, one’s mental processes or body
During the experience, reality testing remains intact
Causes significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning
Does not occur exclusively during the course of another mental disorder. Not due to a substance or general medical condition

7. Somatoform Disorders
Physical symptoms suggestive of physical disorders but no organic abnormalities can fully account for them
Types of Somatoform Disorders
Somatization Disorder
Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder
Conversion Disorder
Pain Disorder
Hypochondriasis
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Somatoform Disorder NOS

8. Somatoform Disorders
Somatization Disorder: (hysteria) polysymptomatic disorder that begins before age 30, extends over a period of years, and is characterized by a combination of pain, gastrointestinal, sexual, and pseudoneurological symptoms
Undifferentiated Somatoform Disorder: unexplained physical complaints, lasting for at least 6 months, that are below the threshold for a diagnosis of Somatization Disorder

9. Somatoform Disorders
Conversion Disorder: unexplained symptoms or deficits affecting voluntary motor or sensory function that suggest a neurological or other general medical condition. Psychological factors are judged to be associated with the symptoms
Body Dysmorphic Disorder: preoccupation with an imagined or exaggerated defect in physical appearance