1. Trauma & Stressor-Based Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
DSM-5 Categories of Disorders
Bipolar & Related Disorders
Somatic Symptom & Related Disorders
Depressive Disorders
Dissociatve Disorders
Schizophrenia Spectrum & Other Psychotic Disorders

2. Anxiety Disorders
Post the video links on the website!

3. Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety: a vague, generalized apprehension or feeling that one is in danger.
Anxiety Disorder: Anxiety that is out of proportion to the situation provoking it.
Most common type of mental illness in U.S.
40 million people
Anxiety Disorders cost $42 billion each year in health care, lost wages, and lost productivity; more common in women

4. Shared Characteristics of All Anxiety Disorders
Personal inadequacy
Avoidance of dealing with problems
Unrealistic image of oneself
Self-defeating behavior
Unable to free oneself of recurring worries
Difficulty forming stable and satisfying relationships
Constant worrying, sudden mood swings, physical symptoms
Headaches, sweating, muscle tightness, weakness, fatigue

5. 3 Main Anxiety Disorders
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Panic Disorder
Phobic Disorder

6. 1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Almost constant feeling of anxiousness as a result of vague or imagined dangers.
Can blossom into a full-fledged panic attack
Include choking sensations, chest pain, dizziness, trembling, hot flashes, etc.
Runaway locamotive of worry. 6months + of worry. High Autonomic arousal

7. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Examples:
Fearing unknown/unforeseen circumstances, they are unable to make decisions
Preoccupied with internal problems, so they neglect social relationships
Comes from environment, major life changes, etc
Vicious Cycle:
The more they worry, the more difficulty they have. The more difficulty they have, the more they worry

8. 2. Panic Disorder
Panic: a feeling of sudden, helpless terror, such as the overwhelming fright one might experience when cornered by a predator
Panic Disorder: an extreme anxiety that manifests itself in the form of panic attacks
Panic Attacks: sudden and unexplainable attacks or intense anxiety, leading the individual to feel a sense of inevitable doom or even the fear that he or she is about to die.
Linked with agoraphobia

10. 3. Phobic Disorders Phobias:
Severe anxiety that is focused on a particular object, animal, activity, or situation
Range in intensity from mild to extremely severe
People deal with phobias by avoiding the thing they are afraid of

11. Acarophobia

12. Acrophobia

13. Aerophobia

14. Agoraphobia
extreme or irrational fear of crowded spaces or enclosed public places.

15. Atelophobia

16. Autophobia

17. Catagelophobia
Fear of being ridiculed

18. Claustrophobia

19. Entomophobia

20. Felinophobia

21. Heliophobia

22. Hemophobia

23. Hydrophobia

24. Logizomechanophobia

25. Lygophobia

26. Nosocomephobia

27. Verminophobia

28. Zoophobia

29. The Phobia List Link

30. Other Anxiety Disorders
Selective Mutism
Separation Anxiety Disorder

31. Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders

32. OC & Related Disorders OCD Body Dysmorphic Disorder Hoarding Disorder
Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)
Excoriation (Skin-Picking Disorder)

33. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Obsession: an uncontrollable pattern of thoughts
Compulsions: coping behaviors
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: both of these behaviors together; interferes with what a person wants or needs to do
Washing hands 20-30x a day, avoid stepping on cracks in the sidewalk, recurring unpleasant thoughts about death, etc.
Know it’s wrong, but unable to stop
More common in men

34. Why do people develop obsessions and compulsions?
OCD can serve as a diversion from a person’s real fears, so it may reduce anxiety.
Provide the person with evidence that they are doing something well, even if it is only avoiding cracks on a sidewalk.
Genetic

35. Common Examples of OCD Common Obsessions: Common Compulsions:
Contamination fears of germs, dirt, etc.
Washing
Imagining having harmed self or others
Repeating
Imagining losing control of aggressive urges
Checking
Excessive religious or moral doubt
Counting
Forbidden thoughts
Ordering/arranging
A need to have things "just so"
Hoarding or saving

36. Hoarding Disorder

40. Trauma & Stressor Related Disorders

41. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
A condition in which a person who has experienced a traumatic event feels severe and long lasting effects
Symptoms: involuntary flashbacks, recurring nightmares, insomnia, feelings of guilt, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety
Extremely long lasting, up to decades.
Ex: Mi Lai Massacre
Common among veterans, survivors of acts of terrorism, natural disasters, catastrophes, and human aggression
Only about 10% of women and 20% of men react to traumatic situations and develop PTSD. Holocaust survivors show remarkable resilience against traumatic situations.

42. Trauma & Stressor-Based Disorders
Obsessive-Compulsive & Related Disorders
Anxiety Disorders
DSM-5 Categories of Disorders
Bipolar & Related Disorders
Somatic Symptom & Related Disorders
Depressive Disorders
Dissociatve Disorders
Schizophrenia Spectrum & Other Psychotic Disorders

44. Explaining Anxiety, OCD/Related, & Trauma/Stressor Based Disorders
What would each perspective of psych say about why someone has these disorders?

45. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Psychodynamic Perspective
Anxiety rooted in repressed ID impulses
Impulses = obsessive thoughts
Compulsions = ego defenses against them
E.g.: Lady Macbeth: Anxiety/guilt over her part in a murder  compulsive hand washing to get rid of the imagined blood.
How would you treat Lady Macbeth?

46. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Behavioral Perspective
Focus on compulsions, not obsessions
Theory: association forms randomly between fear/anxiety reduction and the compulsive behavior
Compulsive behavior becomes reinforcing because it reduces anxiety
Therefore compulsion increases in frequency

47. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Biological Perspective
Drugs that increase Serotonin activity are somewhat effective in treating OCD
Serotonin is also active in 2 brain areas that have been associated with OCD: the orbital region of the frontal cortex and caudate nucleus