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Electric Power Group Presents Maximizing Use of Synchrophasor Technology for Everyday Tasks
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Today’s Topic: Use Cases of Linear State Estimator Technology for Grid Resiliency
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1. Maximizing Use of Synchrophasor Technology for Everyday Tasks
Use Cases of Linear State Estimator Technology for Grid Resiliency
Webinar
Feb 15, 2017
Presented by
Kevin Chen, Lin Zhang, EPG
Tim Bradberry, Evan Phillips, Duke Energy
Patrick Gravois, ERCOT

2. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved
DRAFT
Outline
Challenge & Need
PhasorNXT for Improving Grid Resiliency Overview
Independent Data Source
Automatic EMS Model Integration
Guaranteed State Estimation solution
Unified One-line Diagram integration
High Resolution for Monitoring System Dynamics (e.g. Phase Angles, Oscillations, Sensitivities, etc.)
Duke Energy Use Case Example
ERCOT Use Case Example and Demo
Discussion
Your Practice, Use Cases, Suggestions
Summary
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3. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved
Challenge & Need
Traditional State Estimator may not converge
EMS may fail due to reasons – e.g. unsuccessful failover, cyber, or physical attacks
PMU Data quality - can it be relied upon for operation?
Inaccurate for analytical apps (e.g. Phase angles, oscillations, sensitivities, etc.)
Visibility limited to PMU coverage
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4. PhasorNXT for Improving Grid Resilience
Solution for Synchrophasor State Estimation and Situational Awareness using PMU Data
Validated and Calculated Data – based on algorithms & model
Guaranteed State Estimation Solution at PMU Sample Rate (30-60samples/sec) with enhanced Linear State Estimator (eLSE)
Automatic EMS Model Integration from CIM
Automatic One-Line Diagram Import from EMS/Macomber Map
Contingency Analysis and Network Applications Planned (DOE Awarded Projects )
Correlate Geo-Spatial displays with One-Lines
Extend PMU Grid Observability
Independent of EMS
Designed in collaboration with Duke Energy, ERCOT, Dominion
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5. eLSE to Address Practical Issues of Transmission Grid
Series capacitor
Shunt capacitor/reactor
Split bus
Naming convention
Bypass breaker modeled in line
Multiple transmission line segments
Bad data detection and identification module
Breaker status interface to accept Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP)
Real-time operation model integration and update
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6. Utility Network Model (CIM)
eLSE Inputs
Network Model (CIM format)
Automatic conversion into LSE format model
PMU Data
Real-time C or down sampled data
Topology Information
From PMU digitals or SCADA
C PMU data
Estimated Synchrophasor Data
Virtual PMU’s with Estimated Values
List of Measurement Anomalies
eLSE Application
Utility Network Model (CIM)
Topology Information
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7. eLSE Deployment Summary
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8. Improving Data Quality at BPA
A: Dropout
B: Offset
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9. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved
Validated with BPA System – 500kV Example With Real-Time Breaker Status Update via ICCP
White: eLSE Red: Raw
Follow system topology change
Offset within 1%
<1%
24 hours
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10. Uncertain Certain Nervous Confident Stressful Relieved
Power System Control Room
- EMS Down
- PhasorNXT Up
Wide-area Monitoring
One-line with eLSE value
Drill down to substation level
Certain
Confident
Relieved
Uncertain
Nervous
Stressful
Picture source:

11. Align With Where The Industry Is Going…
Source:
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12. Duke Energy Use Case Examples
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13. Linear State Estimation using Synchrophasors
Megan Vutsinas, Tim Bradberry, Evan Phillips February 15, 2017

14. Duke Energy Carolinas Phasor Deployment
135 PMUs installed at 65 substations
Consistent architecture for data flow, concentration (openPDC), collection (PI), visualization/utilization (RTDMS/EMS).
Carolinas utilize system installed by SGIG
DEMW utilize system installed by SGIG; PJM provides access to RTDMS to DEMW for visualzation
DEF will have own system with consistent architecture.
DFRs good example of coordination with Fossil/Hydro generation

15. Linear State Estimator (LSE)
PhasorNXT: Developed by EPG (Electric Power Group)
Duke Energy partnered with EPG by providing seed money for development and technical consultation. EPG provided credit to be applied to license.
EPG Started with the Open Source code developed by Dominion Virginia Power and Virginia Tech and made significant modifications to create a commercial, production grade enhanced Linear State Estimator (eLSE) for use in Control Centers.
Builds on the EPG RTDMS software already deployed at Duke Energy for PMU visualization
Station one-lines
State Estimation
Scrubs data to improve the quality
Always solves without a full system model or observability
Auto builds network model from EMS model using CIM
Auto builds one-line displays from existing EMS displays (see next slide)
Runs 30 times/sec
Increases visibility through virtual PMUs
Utilizes ICCP data from EMS for breaker position

16. One-Line Displays
PhasorNXT
EMS

17. LSE vs EMS PhasorNXT NOT an EMS backup/replacement EMS
State Estimation
Station (one line) visualization
Alarming
Contingency Analysis (future)
Study Analysis (future)
Wide area visualization
Oscillation detection
NOT an EMS backup/replacement
LSE can provide the following:
Situational Awareness when EMS is lost
State Estimator that solves even during contingencies
Expanded visibility with Virtual PMUs
EMS
State Estimation
Station (one line) visualization
Alarming
Contingency Analysis
Study Analysis
AGC
Remote SCADA control

18. Deployment Plans DEC leads deployment thus far in industry
PJM and Dominion Virginia Power running internally developed LSE
BPA using a LSE (not PhasorNXT) to improve PMU data quality
ERCOT deployed in test environment
SCE deployed as pilot project to increase observability through virtual PMUs
DEC currently running in QA environment
Running continuously for 9 months with no crashes
License Issues
Leverage DEF PMU Visualization project as an enterprise program to capitalize license cost
Shared instance for DEC and DEP
Separate DEF instance
DEMW will continue to leverage PJM
EPG awarded DOE project on funding for development of
Contingency Analysis
Study Application

19. Situational Awareness with PhasorNXT at Duke
System level one-line with eLSE value
Able to drill down to substation level one-line

20. ERCOT Use Case Examples
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21. PhasorNXT at ERCOT
EPG visited ERCOT in January 2017 to install PhasorNXT and DataNXT
Worked with Operations Support and EMS Production Support teams to develop use case and new RTDMS displays in test environment
Established a strong use case to have backup, PMU-based monitoring capabilities of ERCOT Generic Transmission Constraints (GTC)
Demonstrated PMU-EMS integration by using ICCP links from mothballed station in iTest environment
Demonstrated ability to transfer down-sampled PMU data into PI
Created substation one-lines with real-time PMU raw, supplemented with LSE values

22. One-line Diagram with Macomber Map Integration
Capability to create, import, edit, map signals, export and save one-line diagrams to database
Integrated with customers’ existing one-line diagram format
ERCOT: Macomber Map
Duke: DDL file from Alstom EMS

23. Substation Neighborhood One-line with PMU Raw Data/LSE Values

24. ERCOT Specific Use Cases
Individual GTC Visibility
Visibility when EMS is down
Solve independently for each GTC
Monitor voltage mag & ang, power flows of interface
Monitor voltage stability, oscillations
Example: Panhandle Export Monitoring
Monitor 8 tie lines interface
Retain operating at last export limits
Voltage stability issues
Wind curtailment
Generation re-dispatch
NERC 30min rule

25. Panhandle Export GTC Display

26. ERCOT Live Demonstration
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27. I don’t have much PMU coverage in my system.
DRAFT
I don’t have much PMU coverage in my system.
What’s the value?

28. Current PMU Coverage at SCE - 13 Substations
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29. eLSE Extended Visibility From 13 to 52 Substations at SCE
Elements #
PMU 19
Phasor Measurements
103
Substations 52
Lines 92
Line Segments
Transformers
154
Nodes
2775
Breakers
731
Switches
2004
Series Capacitors 12
Shunt Capacitors 41
Extended Coverage For:
Line Closing
Remedial Action Scheme (RAS) Testing
Operator Training

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Deployment
Implementation Time Frame: 4 Weeks - 3 Months
EMS model integration with PMU signal mapping (~4 weeks)
Real-time breaker status via ICCP, file integration (~1 week)
Existing one-line diagram integration
Alstom DDL file and Macomber Map format (1 week)
Other Format (~6 weeks)
Note: Time is estimated based on experience. May vary due to specific utility model.
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Q&A, Discussion
Your Practice, Use Cases, Suggestions
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32. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved
Q&A, Discussion
Q&A
Grid Resiliency
Your Practices
Use Cases
Pain Points
Suggestions
Next Webinar Focus
Priority
Other topics
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33. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved
EPG Webinar Series
Extracting large amounts of synchrophasor data efficiently for offline analysis. (August 2016)
Quickly creating an event report that could be distributed to operators, engineers and managers. (Sept )
System Model Validation for MOD-33 Requirement (Oct. 12)
Configuring alarms and validate parameters to provide meaningful results for operators. (Dec 14)
Synchrophasor Intelligence in EMS for Use in Operations (Jan 2017)
Use Cases of Linear State Estimator Technology for Grid Resiliency (Feb 2017)
Remote/Mobile access with local host for real-time monitoring and event diagnostics during emergencies (March 2017)
Data Mining for grid events of different types, e.g. oscillations, generator trips etc.
Using composite alarms as early warning for operator action
Addressing data issues, such as PMU timing, phase correction, etc.
ePDC/DataNXT/RTDMS pub/sub Synchrophasor Distribution Service
Other topics?
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34. © Electric Power Group 2017. All rights reserved
Summary
Challenge & Need
PhasorNXT for Improving Grid Resiliency
Guaranteed State Estimation Solution
Assist Control Center Operation resulting from EMS Failure, Cyber, or Physical Attacks
Demonstration of Emergency Response Capability
Data Quality Assurance
High Resolution for Monitoring System Dynamics (e.g. Phase Angles, Oscillations, Sensitivities, etc.)
Extend PMU Grid Visibility
Duke Energy Use Case Example
ERCOT Use Case Example and Demo
Discussion
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35. Thank you for participating!
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