1. Tues. (A) Wed. (B) ….. HOMEWORK:
Read “WWI: A New Kind of War” Ch 24.2 (pp )
Take notes & be prepared for a quiz.
Use the red and green headings to organize your notes!!
Define bold and highlighted words.
REMEMBER! – Homework notes = 5 pts each on daily open
note quiz. NO homework notes = 10 pts each on daily quiz. YOUR choice!

2. The Road to War (Causes of W.W.I)
Ch. 29
Section 1

3. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
The Funeral of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom occurred on Friday, 20 May It was one of the largest gatherings of European royalty ever to take place, and one of the last before war ended the era of European royalty.

4. SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Rivalries in the Balkans and over colonies as the Big Dogs competed will push the world to the edge.

5. Setting the Stage
At the turn of the 20th Century, the nations of Europe had been at peace with one another for nearly 30 years.
Efforts to outlaw war and achieve a permanent peace had been gaining momentum in Europe.
However, below the surface of peace and goodwill, several forces were at work that would help propel Europe into war.

6. Today we are going to explore the
The Great War
Several factors lead to World War I, a conflict that devastates Europe and has a major impact on the world.
Today we are going to explore the
M.A.I.N
(causes of W.W.I)

7. Store of ammunition for British trench mortars
Militarism
Militarism- A glorification of armed strength.
There was a growing race to arms.
When the possibility of war became apparent most of the European nations prepared.
Built Large Armies
Made complex mobilization plans.
Mobilize – to get into any position to be ready for war.
“Happy are those who have died in Great battles, lying on the ground before the face of God.” Written by a French Poet about this idea militarism.
Mobilize….to get into any position to be ready for war.
Store of ammunition for British trench mortars

8. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
1906 Great Britain launched the world’s first modern battleship – HMS Dreadnought. The Dreadnaught was the first battleship to feature turbine power and rotating batteries of guns..

9. Alliances
Growing rivalries between countries led nations to make alliances with one another.
The Great Powers of Europe had formed two camps.
The alliance system had be designed to keep peace in Europe but it helped push the continent to war.

10. Between 1864 and 1871, Prussia’s blood and iron chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, freely used war to unify Germany.
After 1871, Bismarck declared Germany to be a “Satisfied power.” He then turned his energies to maintaining peace in Europe
Bismarck saw France as the greatest threat to peace (France still wanted revenge for its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War).
Therefore, he wanted to isolate France.
In 1879, Bismarck formed the Dual Alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary and 3 years later, Italy joined the two countries.
In 1881, Bismarck took yet another possible ally away from France by making a treaty with Russia.

11. Alarmed, Great Britain made an alliance with France and Russia.
In 1890, Germany’s foreign policy changed dramatically b/c Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign and he became ruler.
Besides wanting to assert his own power, the new Kaiser was eager to show the world just how mighty Germany had become.
Wilhelm let his nation’s treaty with Russia lapse in 1890 and Russia responded by forming a defensive military alliance with France in 1894.
Bismarck’s fear b/c war with Russia or France would force Germany to fight a two-front war.
Next, Wilhelm began a tremendous shipbuilding program to equal that of Great Britain.
Alarmed, Great Britain made an alliance with France and Russia.

12. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
1906 Great Britain launched the world’s first modern battleship – HMS Dreadnought.

13. Europe Divided Triple Alliance Formed in 1882 Triple Entente
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy
Formed in 1882
Triple Entente
Britain
France
Russia
Formed in 1907
At the alliance system was a measure taken to try to prevent war.
The alliances were formed and the countries on the same side agreed to help one another if attacked.
The idea was one country would surely not attack another country if if meant fighting several countries instead of just one.
However, I am sure you can all see how forming alliances could be a potential cause for a fight as well. (example with a group of friends)

14. Triple Alliance Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Triple Alliance
Rivalries grew in Europe so the solution was forming alliances between European countries
Otto Von Bismarck - Chancellor of Germany
Thought France was threat to peace
Try to isolate France
Robbing France of it’s allies
Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

15. Triple Entente Setting the Stage for War SECTION 1
Bismarck also makes a treaty with Russia
But Kaiser Wilhelm, leader of Germany, forces Bismarck to resign
Kaiser brakes treaty with Russia
Russia gets mad- make alliance with France
At the same time Germany is jealous of Great Britain’s navy
Germany try to challenge Great Britain
Great Britain feels threatened so they join France and Russia, forming
Triple Entente

16. Why was the Triple Entente especially important to Great Britain?
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Why was the Triple Entente especially important to Great Britain?
By forming alliances with France and Russia, Great Britain could be reasonably assured that, should war break out, its small army would have support from stronger military powers.
Laws changed to win support of the Centré Party.

17. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Anglo-Russian Entente 1907
Russia
Great Britain
Franco-Russia Alliance 1893
Three Emperors League 1873
Entente Cordiale 1904
Germany
France
Dual Alliance 1879
Austria- Hungary
Triple Entente
Triple Alliance –1882
Italy

18. *
A cartoon apparently expressing a rather sour German point of view on the British-French "Entente Cordiale" of John Bull walks off with the trollop France (in her scandalously short tricolor skirt, while Germany pretends not to care. (notice the sword scabard peeking out from under Germany’s trenchcoat – implying that they are willing to use military aggression?)
The Entente Cordiale agreement was a change for both countries. France had been isolated from the other European powers, mostly as a result of the efforts of German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck to estrange France from potential allies, as it was thought that France might possibly seek revenge for its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71. The United Kingdom had maintained a policy of "splendid isolation" on the European continent for nearly a century, intervening in continental affairs only when it was considered necessary to protect British interests and to maintain the continental balance of power. The situation for both countries changed in the last decade of the nineteenth century.

20. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War

21. Russia 1 August 1914 Setting the Stage for War A-H SECTION 1 Germany
Back off Russkies! OR ELSE!
Russia
France
Germany
Leave my little Slavic brothers alone!!
A-H
And while we’re at it – let’s get France!
Help me!!
Serbia
1 August 1914

22. Why did European nations form alliances?
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Why did European nations form alliances?
To maintain the balance of power
Laws changed to win support of the Centré Party.

23. Imperialism Imperialism was another force that helped lead to war.
Imperialistic nations did not have equal shares of land and riches.
Countries became rivals, trying to outdo each other.
France and Germany, each seeking control of parts of Africa, almost came to war twice.
Such competition bred mistrust.

24. Nationalism Nationalism helped unify the people of a country.
Helped promote competition between countries.
By 1900 six nations were rivals for power in Europe.
The Great Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, and France.

25. Causes of WWI M.A.I.N M-Militarism A-Alliances I-Imperialism
N-Nationalism

26. Spark
By 1914, rival alliances, nationalism, imperialism, and an arms race had brought Europe to the brink of war. All that was needed was a spark to light the fuse.

27. Setting the Stage
In Eastern Europe, Russia sponsored strong type of nationalism called Pan - Slavism

28. Setting the Stage
Pan- Slavism – belief that all Slavic people share a common nationality

29. Provided outlet to the sea, played a part in Pan-Slavism
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Why were the Balkans at the center of the conflict between European powers?
Provided outlet to the sea, played a part in Pan-Slavism
Laws changed to win support of the Centré Party.

30. Trouble in the Balkans
The spirit of Nationalism would become a problem for some nations.
Austria-Hungary looked to extend its influence on the Balkan Peninsula.
However much of the Slavic Speaking population struggled for their independence.
Serbs living in Austria-Hungary wanted to be part of Serbia (a neighboring country). Many of these Serbs lived in Sarajevo (City in Austria Hungary)
The Austrian Emperor sent his nephew Franz Ferdinand to Sarajevo to try to improve relations with the Serbs.
Serbs living in Austria-Hungary wanted to be part of Serbia (a neighboring country) Many of these Serbs lived in Sarajevo (City in Austria Hungary) The Austrian Emperor sent his nephew Franz Ferdinand to Sarajevo to try to improve relations with the Serbs.

31. Setting the Stage
By 1914, Balkans become known as “Powder Keg” because of many nationalistic rivalries

32. The Shot Heard Around the World
In June 1914, a Serbian shot and killed the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary—Franz Ferdinand.
Remember Franz Ferdinand was in the Balkans to observe military maneuvers and make a goodwill tour of Sarajevo
Remember Franz Ferdinand was in the Balkans to observe military maneuvers and make a goodwill tour of Sarajevo
In reaction Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Then because of the Alliances that were formed a whole bunch of countries jumped in. Thus starting a world war.

33. The Shot Heard Around the World
Gavrilo Princip (Serbian Nationalist – part of Black Hand, one of many secret societies of Serbian nationalists)
- shot Ferdinand and wife.
Propelled Europe and its allies into what would become known as the "War To End All Wars".
In reaction Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Then because of the Alliances that were formed a whole bunch of countries jumped in. Thus starting a world war.
Remember Franz Ferdinand was in the Balkans to observe military maneuvers and make a goodwill tour of Sarajevo
In reaction Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Then because of the Alliances that were formed a whole bunch of countries jumped in. Thus starting a world war.

34. Franz Ferdinand
Gavrilo Princip

35. SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Germany knew it must defeat France quickly so they can focus on Russia.

36. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Germany attacks France through the land of chocolate and waffles: Belgium.
von Schlieffen plan

37. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
The Schlieffen Plan - Germany had been preparing for war long before In fact, Germany had started drawing up a plan for war - the Schlieffen Plan - in It took nine years to finalise, but it was based on the theory that Germany would be at war with France and Russia at the same time. The Schlieffen Plan was created by General Count Alfred von Schlieffen in December The Schlieffen Plan was the operational plan for a designated attack on France once Russia, in response to international tension, had started to mobilise her forces near the German border. The execution of the Schlieffen Plan led to Britain declaring war on Germany on August 4th, 1914.

38. What event led to Great Britain’s entering the war against Germany?
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
What event led to Great Britain’s entering the war against Germany?
Germany disregarded Belgian neutrality.
Laws changed to win support of the Centré Party.

39. Setting the Stage for War
SECTION 1
Setting the Stage for War
Japan

40. Setting the Stage for War
Visual Source
Setting the Stage for War
Germania.....Austria Hungary......Bulgaria......and Turkey

41. Setting the Stage for War
Visual Source
Setting the Stage for War

42. ` Setting the Stage for War SECTION 1
Opposing Alliances at Outbreak of War
1907
1879
Britain
Russia
Austria-Hungary
Germany
1904
1894
1882
1882
Triple Entente
Triple Alliance
France
Italy

43. System of Alliances Type of Alliance Countries Involved
Reason for Joining
Three Emperor’s League
Germany, Austria-Hungary & Russia
Germany – Isolate France Diplomatically & Keep Russia Neutral
Reinsurance Treaty of 1887
Germany & Russia
Three Emperor’s League broken b/w Russia & Austria-Hungary
Triple Alliance
Germany, Italy & Austria-Hungary
Isolate France, German allies on East & South
Triple Entente
Great Britain, France & Russia
France saved Russia from crisis
Great Britain afraid of German naval build up