1. 2016-2017 UPDATE & REVIEW FOR CONTINUING EDUCATION for USSA ALPINE OFFICIALS
This presentation contains excerpts from paper copy of the above document.
Please review paper copy and current rule books for additional information.

2. RULES
USSA’S competition regulations for domestic alpine ski racing are adopted from the FIS ICR, but are specific to USSA competitions
USSA Alpine Competition Regulations (ACR) are updated annually, is published in the current Alpine Competition Guide and are available at
FIS Competition Rules (ICR) have been updated and are available on the FIS website. USSA website provides a link to the FIS website.

3. ADDITIONAL RULE BOOKS
COURSE SPECIFICATIONS: Refer to current editions of USSA ACR and FIS ICR for minimum/maximum vertical drop and gate count requirements for USSA and FIS events
COMPETITION EQUIPMENT: Refer to current “FIS and USSA Equipment Regulations for Season ” and/or current edition of FIS Specifications for Competition Equipment.
NOR-AM CUP AND WORLD CUP RULES: Rules have been revised; please refer to current rule books.

4. APPLICATION OF RULES
For all events scheduled by USSA as USSA non-FIS events, applicable USSA rules should be considered and applied (ACR)
For all events scheduled by USSA as FIS events, applicable rules of the FIS should be considered and applied (ICR)
In cases that are not addressed by the ACR for USSA events or by the ICR for FIS events, or in cases where the rules must be interpreted, the authority for making such decisions will rest with the Competition Jury – all decisions must be documented!

5. QUESTIONS NOT COVERED BY RULES
The Jury makes decisions on all questions not covered by the rules! [ ]
These decisions must be documented in Jury Minutes
The Jury Minutes must indicate Jury members’ votes
The Jury Minutes must be signed!

6. OFFICIALS’ RESPONSIBILITY
It is the responsibility of every official, coach and competitor to know, understand and abide by the rules for the sport. These rules include, but are not limited to, current editions and “Precisions” of:
FIS ICR
USSA ACR
Supplemental rules, such as Equipment Specifications, Rules of the FIS Points, Rules for the Alpine Continental Cups, etc.
Coaches, Program Directors and other club officers are encouraged to provide the time and opportunity to instruct their athletes on the rules for the sport.

7. USSA COMPETITON CONTINUING EDUCATION UPDATE 2016 - 2017

8. RACE RESULT/TIMING SOFTWARE
The list of software programs approved for use at USSA competitions includes both
Split Second and VOLA.
Education is available for both programs.
Issues with use of Vola must be directed to Justin Samuels

9. MEMBER LOOKUP TOOL
Users will be able to search for “Current” as well as “Last Season” and “All” members.
Among other features will be coding to display why a given member may be on pending status.
Enhancement provides information regarding purchasers of short-term memberships, including validity dates.

10. USING MEMBERSHIP LOOKUP
This search was based on “All”; note availability and visibility of information!

11. RACE RESULT DOCUMENT PACKETS
Race result document packets are required for all levels of USSA competition: non-scored and scored; they are important for risk management purposes.
Divisions will appoint an individual who will undertake the review of Race Result Document Packets submitted to USSA.
Focus will be to verify accuracy and content of the packets and identify areas and/or officials who could benefit from mentorship.
Reviewers will also assist USSA Competition Services staff identify events for which no documents have been filed.

12. RACE RESULT XML FILE & DOCUMENT PACKETS - CHANGES
For USSA non-FIS events: Non-scored and Scored, the race result XML file must be submitted to within 24 hours after an event’s completion.
Result (scan/PDF or paper) packet content requirements have changed as follows:
USSA Technical Delegate Report; 1 per race code
Timing and Data Technical Report (TDTR), if required for level of event
All Programs and Team Captains’ Meeting Minutes
All Jury Minutes w/o Protest
All Protests and applicable Jury Minutes
All injury/accident reports
Copies of Exceptional Athlete Ski Up Agreements
USSA Volunteer Competition Worker Registration forms

13. RACE RESULT DOCUMENT PACKETS
Race Result Document Packets are required for ALL USSA non-FIS events (scored and non-scored) and are submitted electronically to: USSA race code or FIS codex number must be used as transmission booklet title and also as subject: USSA: alpha + 4 numbers assigned by USSA (U0081) FIS: nation + 4 numbers assigned by FIS (USA1240) Please verify accuracy and legibility of documents and submit only one race file per transmission! Procedure for preparation and submittal more fully described in: - paper copy of “Update & Review – Continuing Education” - “USSA Race Result Document Packets”* - “FIS Race Result Document Packets”* *Located in “Master Packet of Forms” on the USSA website If your software provides a “Transmittal Report”, it remains in the Organizing Committee’s file.

14. USSA’S COPY OF FIS RACE RESULT DOCUMENT PACKET
The event’s XML result file must be transmitted to and (FIS codex used as subject).
USSA – not FIS – is the main repository of race-related documents, so copies of the following documents must be electronically submitted to USSA:
Content requirements are as follows:
Technical Delegate Report; (PDF copy of online TD Report)
Timing and Data Technical Report (TDTR), (signed, PDF of online TDTR)
All Programs and Team Captains’ Meeting Minutes
All Jury Minutes w/o Protest
All Protests and applicable Jury Minutes
All injury/accident reports
USSA Volunteer Competition Worker Registration forms
FIS Athlete’s Declaration(s) for Forerunners without FIS inscription

15. SPEED TRAINING – SUPER G & DOWNHILL: Event & XML Results
Official training forms an integral part of the competition
Competitors are required to participate in the training
All qualified competitors entered for Downhill competition must have been entered and drawn* in all official training runs
Downhill Competitors and Forerunners must participate in at least one (1) timed training run
Special Downhill Training runs must not be staged. They do not have USSA race code #’s so have NO INSURANCE!
Results in XML format must be submitted to USSA/FIS, as required
*“Drawn” is accepted as meaning “assigned a start number”. It does not mean “drawn in the first group”.) [704.1]

16. SPEED TRAINING: SUPER G & DOWNHILL Documentation Requirements
Document Packet Contents sent to - Programs/Team Captains’ Meeting Minutes (signed by RA) - Jury Minutes (with record of votes/signatures) - Injury reports should be filed online or sent to Laurie Hamble daily; copies are included in the document packet; follow procedures for suspected/reported concussions FIS only wants Jury Minutes regarding protests/sanctions and injury reports. They are sent to Timing & Data Technical Report (TDTR), if completed, remains with the OC. Report of the Technical Delegate is NOT required.

17. HEAD TAX
Head Tax for non-FIS collegiate events: $250 per race/per gender.

18. USSA TD REPORTS & EXPENSE REPORTS
Please note that copies of these documents must be submitted to USSA TDWG Chair: This is a new address!

19. USSA EQUIPMENT MATRIX & USSA COURSE SETTING MATRIX
The USSA Equipment Matrix is available on the USSA website at
The USSA Course Setting Matrix is available on the USSA website at
NOTE: USSA has adopted FIS Slalom course setting specifications for U14 and U16 athletes.

20. OFFICIALS’ EDUCATION & CERTIFICATIONS
An updated Gate Judge presentation: “Gate Judges – The Most Important People on the Hill” is available on the website.
Race Administration and Data Management Certifications have been combined into one Race Administration category. Education materials have been separated into two sections:
Software
Event Administration

21. FIS COMPETITON CONTINUING EDUCATION UPDATE 2016 - 2017

22. FIS ICR CHANGES
An updated version is posted on the FIS website; a link is available on the USSA website. Important changes for are:
NOT PERMITTED TO START - NPS
A competitor will not be permitted to start (NPS) in any FIS competition who does not wear a crash helmet that conforms to the Specifications for Competition Equipment (606.4), or does not have ski brakes on their skis (606.3), does not wear or carry an official start number according to the rules (606.1). [627, 627.2, 627.6]
An “official start number” refers to any bib issued by the local event organizer; this includes replacement bibs furnished by the Start Referee.
GROUNDS FOR DISQUALIFICATION
Addition to : wears obscene names and/or symbols on clothing and equipment (207.1) or behaves in an unsportsmanlike manner in the competition area (205.5, )

23. RECORDING A “NPS” SITUATION: USSA and FIS EVENTS
Due to rule(s) violation(s), athlete not permitted to start (NPS)…this could apply to either run of a 2-run event
Athlete’s status is recorded by the Start Referee as “Not Permitted to Start” (NPS); reason must be stated
Example: Note suggestion to insert “name”
“NPS” should be noted in “DSQ” portion of Report by the Referee as required
Example:
Applicable rule number must be noted for results
Software will include “NPS” designation
Technical Delegate must verify accuracy of Official Results and Penalty posted on USSA/FIS websites

24. ADDITIONAL FIS CHANGES
PARALLEL EVENTS
The distance between two corresponding gates (from turning pole to turning pole) should be no less than 6 meters. [1225] Stepping back (hiking) is not allowed ( ) and is cause for disqualification (1232.1)
APPLICATION OF TIME PENALTY “A Time Penalty” does not apply to Alpine events. This is a “general rule” and is applicable to Nordic.

25. FIS OFFICE COMMUNICATION AND STAFF
For event changes, etc., written confirmation must come from the National Association; Organizers and Technical Delegates should not deal directly with the FIS Office.
Once a Jury is confirmed, however, and a program change is required, the Technical Delegate should deal directly with the FIS Office.
Miranda von Niederhäuser is responsible for race documentation, website posting, etc. If these documents are incomplete, Miranda will make contact directly with the responsible Technical Delegate.
Tatjana Lüssy manages assignments and Calendar inserts at the beginning of the season. She is responsible for the management of World Cup, European Cup and Junior World Championships.

26. TECHNICAL DELEGATE’S ARRIVAL
An Organizing Committee that requests that the Technical Delegate not arrive until shortly before the Team Captains’ Meeting is in violation of FIS ICR Art and risks loss of liability insurance coverage.
Technical Delegates are required to fulfill all the ICR/ACR duties of the Technical Delegate.

27. FIS YOUTH SLALOM COURSE SETTING
Requirements have changed and will be adopted by USSA.
U14: 2-4 hairpins, 1-2 verticals (3 gates max),
1-3 delays
U16: 3-6 hairpins, 1-3 verticals (3-4 gates max),

28. GENERAL REVIEW RULES AND PROCEDURES

29. DRONES AT FIS ALPINE COMPETITIONS
Any use of aerial drones must comply with Federal, State and Local laws as well as ski area regulations.
If a drone operator can show compliance with these regulations, at the direction of the Jury, a drone may be used as a point of view camera (POV) prior to forerunners.
Drones may not be used during the conduct of the competition.
If a drone breaches the boundaries of the course, FIS advises to immediately halt the competition and wait until the drone withdraws.

30. DUE PROCESS – ACR/ICR Art. 224.7
Prior to the imposition of a penalty (except in cases of verbal reprimands and withdrawal of accreditation), the person accused of an offense shall be given opportunity to present a defense at a hearing, verbally or in writing. Defense can include, but is not limited to the following:
Calling witnesses
Questioning witnesses upon whose testimony the Jury relies
Considering information from a witness who is unavailable for questioning by the accused would create a serious issue. It is also unwise for Jury members to discuss a situation and consider possible penalties prior to hearing all testimony.

31. POLICY FOR DUE PROCESS The Jury must adhere to this policy:
Consider infraction
Hear and consider all testimony and evidence
Allow accused person the opportunity to present a defense
and review all evidence (question witnesses, etc.)
Deliberate
Make a fair decision
Review, vote and sign prepared Jury Minutes of decision
Notify affected parties

32. REQUIRED JURY MINUTES
Review and approval of the Event Medical Plan must be documented
Inspection of the course set and on-hill competitor security measures must be documented
Approval of the daily Program must be documented
Decisions on Protests must be documented
Decisions on Sanctions must be documented
All individuals present at Jury meetings must be listed; e.g. protesting party, DSQ athlete, witnesses
Other decisions are documented at the direction of the Technical Delegate

33. TEAM CAPTAINS’ MEETING MINUTES
An actual meeting, attended in person by Team Captains, Jury, and race officials is an inseparable and mandatory part of the competition
It is important for communication of Jury instructions, support of the OC (Organizing Committee), as well as conveying OC requests and information 
It is also a critical element for risk management and liability-related matters. (Refer to 621.8, 604.3)
Minutes must be recorded, signed and submitted as required

34. TIMING & DATA TECHNICAL REPORT (TDTR)
Using FIS TDTR Software to produce a paper copy report, as required for USSA non-FIS events, is highly recommended.
Software does accept “National Race Code” which is used for a USSA race code (alpha character + 4-digit number); either “CHI – Children” or “JUN – Junior” category must be selected.
The TDTR XML file must not be submitted to FIS for non-FIS events or to USSA as USSA is not currently set up to accept the TDTR XML file.
A signed copy of this form for all non-FIS USSA-scored events and USSA non-scored Championship events, e.g. U14 and Masters Championships, must be submitted to the applicable region/division Timing Working Group representative.
FIS evaluates FIS-event TDTR’s for FIS events and reports any anomalies to USSA Competition Services.

35. TIMING WORKING GROUP REPRESENTATIVES
Alaska: Lex Patten
Central: Gretchen Ransom
East: Matt Howard
Far West: Lucy Schram
IMD: Tami Strong
Northern: Bob Petitt
PNSA: PNSA Office
Rocky Mtn.: John Jett
A copy of calculation(s) required for Replacement Time(s) (EET) must accompany TDTR submitted to the above region/division representatives.

36. THE 3 INJURY REPORT FORMS
American Specialty First Report of Accident (ASI): All participants injured in any USSA event: FIS or non-FIS regardless of nationality of injured party. Online filing is available and is preferred. The online form can be found at
FIS “Notice of Injury” (ISS): All reportable injuries at USSA- sanctioned FIS events must be reported on the FIS “Notice of Injury” form regardless of nationality of the injured party. DO NOT USE FOR NON-FIS EVENTS!
Technical Delegate’s Accident Report: Accidents that fit the “Guidelines for Serious Accident”, whether non-FIS or FIS, also require the additional filing of the Technical Delegate’s Accident Report.
If an injury fits the “Guidelines”, all 3 reports are required.

37. An insurance claim for secondary accident insurance for USSA members cannot begin unless an ASI First Report of Accident has been filed.
Although foreign competitors are not eligible for secondary insurance, USSA’s insurers must be notified of any injury that may possibly result in a claim.
USSA non-FIS Events
a) DO NOT use the FIS form for non-FIS events!
b) If an injury occurs during official training or competition, the American Specialty First Report of Accident (ASI) must be filed.
c) If the injury fits the “Guidelines for Serious Accident”, both the American Specialty First Report of Accident (ASI) and the Technical Delegate’s Accident Report are required.
FIS Events – All Participants
a) Regardless of national federation affiliation, if an injury occurs during official training or competition to any participant at a FIS event, both the American Specialty First Report of Accident (ASI) and the FIS Notice of Injury (ISS) are required.
b) If the injury fits the “Guidelines for Serious Accident”, all three reports: ASI, FIS ISS and Technical Delegate’s Accident Report are required.

38. Technical Delegate’s Accident Report:
The “Technical Delegate’s Accident Report” is filed for major accidents at any USSA-sanctioned event. A major accident should be viewed as one or more of the following:
Accident is the result of racer exiting the trail and sustaining injury in conjunction with the competition.
Coach, official or spectator is involved in the accident in conjunction with the competition.
Accident has any strange or extenuating circumstances.
Accident results in serious injury or death.

39. EVENTS WHERE POINT IMPROVEMENTS EXCEED EXPECTATIONS
The goal of the USSA scoring system is to ensure fair and accurate events so earned results represent an athlete’s ability. An accurate scoring system is critical for athlete ranking, evaluation and selection purposes. Research has culminated in criteria to identify events where athletes score point improvements far beyond expectations. Every scored event will be subject to these filters and events that exceed the threshold of the criteria - a statistical probability of will be marked for review by USSA Competition Services staff and the USSA Classification Working Group. The criteria are: a. Average improvement between seed points and points achieved in the race b. Average percent of point improvement c. Percent of the field that scored a point improvement The cause of an exceptional event could range from random situational circumstances to penalty manipulation. If the Technical Delegate feels that an event may exceed the criteria, they should request that the event not be scored until a review has been completed. If in doubt, they should contact the appropriate Regional Alpine Director for guidance.

40. COURSE SETS
Jury must inspect course set and installation of on-hill competitor security measures
Team Captains are encouraged to attend Jury’s course inspection
Course and on-hill competitor security measure inspection must be documented
Necessary changes to course sets and on-hill competitor security measures are the responsibility of the Jury
In case of necessary changes, such as small relocation of gates, an additional inspection or training run is not necessary. Details must be communicated to all Team Captains and competitors at the Start by the Start Referee

41. HOMOLOGATED TIMING DEVICES
Required for:
All USSA non-FIS scored events
All USSA non-scored events
All FIS events
Updated list of homologated equipment is available at

42. GATE PANELS
All USSA GS, SG and DH (including Masters Competitions) must use gate panels that conform to current USSA/FIS specifications
For Major Events (art ) and Cups (art and ) different alternative colors for poles and panels may be used. Orange can be used instead of red at all FIS levels. Poles and panels should be the same color.
 A list of homologated panels is published on the FIS website.

43. FLEX POLES
All USSA FIS and USSA scored events must use homologated flex poles.
All poles on a course must be of uniform height and diameter.
For USSA scored Slalom events, women should use FIS type B (27 mm recommended) poles and men can use FIS type A or FIS type B (27 mm recommended) poles
For U16 Slalom event, poles must be full length, 180 cm; women should use FIS type B (27 mm recommended) poles and men can use FIS type A or FIS type B (27 mm recommended) poles.
Slalom poles for U14 and younger must be uniform in height with a height of 60 inches off the snow with a 27 mm diameter. This applies to events that are exclusive to U14 and younger; it is not applicable to mixed age races which include athletes U14 and older. Stubby poles will be allowed.
In Giant Slalom, Super G and Downhill, poles should be full height for all age groups and genders. U14 and younger should use 27 mm poles.
FIS type B poles are mm in diameter and FIS type A poles are mm in diameter.

44. USSA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENTS
USSA-SANCTIONED NON-FIS EVENTS: Jury members, Jury Advisors (Start & Finish Referees), Chief of Course, Course Setters, Chief of Timing & Calculations and Race Administrator are required to be current members of USSA as a Coach or Official. Competitors are required to have an appropriate competitor’s USSA membership. Forerunners must have appropriate and current USSA membership: Competitor, Masters, USSA General or Short Term Membership. Qualified members of foreign federations recognized by FIS must hold a valid USSA membership in order to take part in any capacity at a USSA-sanctioned non-FIS event.
COACHES’ USSA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENT: Except in specific instances where an event has been pre-approved, all coaches must have a current Coach membership in order to participate in any capacity at a USSA-sanctioned event; e.g. on-hill coaching.
USSA-SANCTIONED FIS EVENTS: With the exception of the Chief of Race who must be a member of the organizing National Ski Association ( ), Jury members, Jury Advisors (Start & Finish Referees), Chief of Course, Course Setters, Chief of Timing & Calculations and Race Administrator are required to be current members of USSA as a Coach or Official or must be qualified members of foreign federations recognized by FIS. If a foreign FIS Federation lists a foreign coach on their entry form, the Federation is certifying that the coach has the knowledge and ability to fulfill the duties of a Team Captain: e.g. serve as a Jury member or set a course; this satisfies the “qualified member of foreign federation” requirement for FIS events.
Competitors are required to be FIS inscribed. Age-eligible current USSA members who are not FIS inscribed and who are serving as forerunners must sign the “FIS Athlete’s Declaration”.

45. EXCEPTION: CAN-AM EVENTS
A limited number of USSA non-FIS events – designated as “CAN-AM’S”, allow a set number of Canadian competitors to compete without first obtaining a USSA competitor’s membership
The coaches accompanying the Canadian competitors may function in the capacity of their team’s coach without obtaining a USSA Coach/Official membership
The exception does not allow these coaches or any other non-USSA member to serve as Jury members or Course Setters at these non-FIS events

46. “PENDING” MEMBERSHIPS
If a USSA Coach or Official member’s membership status on the USSA website is “PENDING”, this is an indication that the member has not completed membership requirements, e.g. required background screening and/or “Fast Start Coaching Course”, and they must not be appointed to serve as:
- Jury members
- Jury Advisors
- Chief of Course
- Course Setter(s)

47. MASTERS EVENT MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENTS
USSA Alpine Competitors and USSA Alpine Coach members, who are 18 years of age or older, may contact the USSA Membership Department and add a free Masters Membership and participate in Masters Competitions.
All competitors in Masters Regional and National Championships must have a USSA Masters membership.
Masters FIS competitions require that the athletes have the appropriate membership: A USSA Alpine Masters Membership and Alpine Masters FIS registration.
Complete rules on membership requirements in USSA Masters events can be found in current editions of the Masters Competition Guide, Chapter 3: “"General Competition Rules”; and the Alpine Competition Guide, Chapter 5: “Masters Ski Racing”.
* Please note USSA Divisions/Regions may assess additional membership fees.

48. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS – ALL USSA-SANCTIONED EVENTS
Referee, Assistant Referee and Course Setter(s) must be USSA-certified Referees (RF) for all USSA-sanctioned events – scored or non-scored
Jury Advisors (Start/Finish Referees) for USSA-sanctioned scored events must be a certified Jury Advisor (JA), Referee (RF) or Chief of Race (CR), for USSA-sanctioned scored events
Jury Advisors (Start and Finish Referee) should be a certified Jury Advisor (JA), Referee (RF) or Chief of Race (CR), for USSA-sanctioned non-scored events, and must – at minimum – be certified Competition Officials.
For USSA-sanctioned FIS events, when a foreign FIS Federation lists a foreign coach on their entry form, that Federation is certifying that the coach has the knowledge and ability to fulfill the duties of a Team Captain: e.g. serve as a Jury member or set a course
Other “senior officials” must be USSA members and be appropriately certified for the position; e.g. Technical Delegate, Chief of Race, Chief of Course, Chief of Timing & Calculations, Race Administrator

49. NOTE : AO CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
Alpine Officials’ Certification is a benefit associated with membership.
Certification is not automatically achieved upon registration as a USSA Official or Coach/Official.
Certification must be earned by attending a USSA- approved Alpine Officials’ Clinic and passing an applicable exam, if required.
Attendance at an AO Clinic and passing an exam still requires registration as a USSA Official or Coach/Official in order for earned certification to be valid.

50. ONLINE CERTIFICATION: Competition Official
Competition Official (CO) is a pre-requisite for all specialty-area certifications. A process allowing online certification is available.
Jury Advisors (Start & Finish Referee) at USSA non-scored events must – at a minimum – be certified Competition Officials.
The current requirement that they “should” be certified as a Jury Advisor (JA), Referee (RF) or Chief of Race (CR) will remain in place.

51. EXCEPTIONAL ATHLETES
The USSA Alpine Competition Exceptional Athlete “Ski Up” Assumption of Risk, Release and Indemnity Agreement allows exceptional athletes to ski up one class; it is not accepted by all USSA Regions/Divisions.
The Agreement authorizes the athlete to compete in an age group competition with a class of competitors which are older than the age group designated by USSA, but only in the events in which they are normally eligible and only in the specific competitions authorized by the USSA Alpine Development Director.
When an entry that is accompanied by an approved Ski Up Agreement is accepted, the Race Administrator/Data Manager must manually edit the athlete’s class so it agrees with the age class in which they are actually competing.
Skiing up is not recognized for FIS events.

52. TRAVEL LETTERS
Only National Ski Associations are entitled to make entries for international competitions.
If a National Ski Association issues an entry authorization (travel) letter, USSA allows non-USSA athletes training with USSA clubs or attending USA schools/colleges/universities to be entered by their coaches.
Every non-USA athlete’s authorization letter must be submitted to it must also be sent to the Regional Manager for the Region where the athlete is training.
Letters must be submitted directly by the respective National Ski Association; will not be accepted if forwarded by coach or athlete.

53. EQUIPMENT RULES
Regulations for helmets for GS, SG and DH are applicable without exception at all levels of FIS competition. [2.3.3]
Competitors and forerunners at all other FIS alpine events are prohibited from using helmet cameras; camera mounts are also prohibited. This prohibition does not apply to properly credentialed FIS media, e.g. POV runners.
Please refer to current FIS and USSA Equipment Regulations for Season and/or current edition of FIS Specifications for Competition Equipment.

54. COMPETITION EQUIPMENT
Equipment is the responsibility of the athlete and in the case of a minor, their parents or guardians.
Equipment must be maintained and utilized in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
Protests against equipment at a USSA non-FIS event must be handled in accordance with current USSA Equipment Control/Protest Guidelines (available in the “Master Packet of Forms).
Protests against equipment at a FIS event must be handled in accordance with current FIS rules.
Equipment violations are subject to disqualification and other sanctions as determined by the Jury. Sanction may be against the individual competitor, or the competitor’s coach if it is determined that he/she is complicit in the use of equipment known to be in violation of the rules.

55. COMPETITORS’ PROTECTIVE MEASURES
With exception of forearm protection used in SG, GS and SL and shin protection used in SL, body protection must be worn under the suit
This includes knee braces
If a knee brace is worn over the suit, it must be covered with fabric, e.g. a piece of an old suit

56. COMPETITION SUITS
For Downhill, Giant Slalom and Super G upper-level competitions (OWG, WSC, WC, COC, WJSC), competition suits must have a plomb or label attesting conformity with FIS specifications. [ ] ONLY NEW SUITS WILL HAVE THE LABEL; SUITS THAT ONLY HAVE A PLOMB ARE ACCEPTABLE.

57. HELMETS:
Helmet rules require athletes U14 and older must use helmets that meet the new FIS standards for all USSA GS, SG and DH competitions. U14 and older competitors whose helmets are not in compliance will not be allowed to start in these events.

58. HELMETS AND CAMERAS – USSA EVENTS
HELMET AND BODY MOUNTED CAMERAS
Helmet and body-mounted cameras are not approved for use at USSA non-FIS events. Athletes who have personalized their helmets, e.g. camera mounts, bling, stickers, etc., are allowed to start.
Competitors and forerunners at FIS alpine events are prohibited from using cameras; camera mounts are also prohibited. This prohibition does not apply to properly credentialed FIS media, e.g. POV runners.
GOGGLE INTEGRATED CAMERAS
Cameras that are integrated into goggles are allowed at USSA scored and non-scored events, including Masters.
With the exception of National Championships, Continental Cup (NAC) and World Cup, they are also allowed at FIS events.

59. HELMETS – FIS EVENTS: Alterations or Modifications
The helmets shall be used without alteration or modification, as certified by the manufacturer.
Furthermore, no additional element/equipment shall be affixed on the surface of the helmet. This does not apply to National Association or sponsor stickers.
[6.2.4, FIS Specifications for Competition Equipment]

60. HELMETS: A Review
Helmets are compulsory for all competitors and forerunners in all USSA and FIS alpine events.
Athletes & Forerunners without helmets – or wearing a helmet that does not meet requirements - must not be allowed to start!
Athletes with personalized helmets, e.g. bling, stickers, helmet mounts, etc., are allowed to start in USSA non-FIS events
Helmet-mounted cameras are not approved for use at USSA or FIS events. [606.4, 707, 807, 907, 1007]
Soft ear protection is only allowed in Slalom.
Helmet must have a smooth top surface; spoilers or edges that stick out are not permitted.
Protective features integral to the event being contested, such as chin guards on slalom helmets are permitted.

61. EQUIPMENT CONTROL: USSA non-FIS Events
Skis must be marked by the manufacture with both the length and the radius. Unmarked skis will be grounds for disqualification.
USSA scored alpine events, competition equipment will be subject to unannounced control.
USSA non-scored technical events (GS and SL), equipment control will be dealt with only on a protest basis.
In the case of all speed events (SG and DH, scored and non-scored) where the Jury has allowed control of equipment at the start for compliance, the athlete will not be allowed to start if their equipment does not meet the current marked specifications.
Unless clear violation of equipment rules exists, e.g. no helmet, attached helmet camera, missing or broken ski brakes, GS skis in a SG, etc., the Start Referee must not refuse an athlete’s right to start. An athlete in a USSA non-FIS event is also allowed to personalize their helmet with the application of bling, stickers, helmet camera mount, etc.
The Start and Finish Referees’ responsibility to monitor equipment and communicate to the Jury is critical in this process and should be reviewed by the TD at each event. TD instructions to these individuals must be clear. It is essential that the Start and Finish Referee communicate with and report their findings to the competition Jury.

62. EQUIPMENT PROTESTS:
The athlete must compete or intend to compete on the suspect equipment.
The Coach or Team Captain who observes the equipment that is suspect must alert the Start Referee of his imminent intention to protest the equipment being used by that competitor.
The Coach or Team Captain must formalize the protest, at the end of the run, with the written protest and the $100 (one hundred USD) protest fee.
If the athlete has started, the Start Referee alerts the Finish Referee and the Jury, that there is a pending protest against equipment. The equipment must be evaluated or confiscated for evaluation when the competitor arrives in the finish.
Finish Referee should stop the competitor with suspect equipment and confiscate the suspect equipment pending the filing of the formal protest and Jury review. Confiscation should be witnessed and third-party access to the confiscated equipment must be avoided.
Equipment protests cannot be considered or accepted if the suspect equipment has left the finish area.

63. EQUIPMENT PROTESTS/TESTING
If approved testing devices are available, or compliance can be confirmed through checking the manufacturer’s marks, the Jury will then evaluate the equipment and render a decision regarding the equipment. The decision of the Jury shall be final.
If approved testing devices are not available, or the Jury is unable to reach a consensus, the Jury must seal and ship the equipment to the USSA National Office for evaluation. USSA’s decision shall be final.
The Jury will use the $100 (one hundred USD) protest fee to cover the initial shipping costs. The losing party will be charged by USSA for all expenses related to shipping and testing. Reimbursement must be submitted within 10 (ten) working days of notice of USSA’s decision.
Acceptable equipment control devices for USSA non-FIS event alpine equipment evaluation include:
Reliable Racing stand height calipers
FIS-approved equipment-testing devices

64. EQUIPMENT CONTROL: FIS Events
FIS event on-site equipment control may only be conducted by a FIS measurement expert using official FIS measuring tools
Skis must be clearly marked with both the length and the radius. Unmarked skis will be grounds for disqualification
In the case of a speed event (SG & DH) where the jury has allowed inspection of equipment at the start for compliance, the athlete will not be allowed to start if their equipment does not meet the current marked specifications
Unless clear violation of equipment rules exists, e.g. no helmet, attached helmet camera or helmet camera mount, missing or broken ski brakes, GS skis in a SG, etc., the Start Referee must not refuse an athlete’s right to start

65. EQUIPMENT PROTESTS: FIS Events
If protest is involved, Team Captain must notify Start Referee of intention to file a protest
Start Referee notifies Jury and Finish Referee of protest or, if no protest is filed, of suspect equipment
Protesting Team Captain must file written protest and pay applicable protest fee prior to Jury meeting
Finish Referee confiscates equipment before it leaves finish area
Third-party access to protested/suspect equipment must be avoided
Equipment must be confiscated in front of witnesses and must be shipped (sealed) to FIS
Losing party pays all costs

66. DOUBLE ENTRIES
If a competitor has started a competition, he cannot appear as DNS 1 in another competition on the same day, except for Downhill Training.
If a competitor is entered into and drawn for Downhill Training and subsequently leaves this competition in order to participate in another Downhill competition, he will not be permitted to return to the first Downhill competition. [621.12]

67. COURSE SETTING GUIDELINES: MULTIPLE AGE CLASS COMPETITIONS
For multiple age class competitions, course setting guidelines for Super G, Giant Slalom and Slalom events are based on one class older than the youngest age class competing, e.g., U16, U14, U12 and U10 will follow U12 guidelines.
Downhill event course setting is based on the youngest age class competing.
U8, although recognized by USSA, as well as additional classes for younger competitors are established only for the purpose of awards and are subject to U10 course setting guidelines.

68. valid & false starts [613.7, 805.3-.4]
Early/late start violation occurs when a competitor is in the start gate and does not start within the required time period with respect to the start command – “GO”!
Course workers and officials must have a reasonable expectation of when a competitor may be approaching their position.
Competitors who either start early or late can minimize this expectation and potentially create an unsecure environment.
For these reasons, early/late start violations require DSQ.
The “no advantage/no DSQ rule [ ] is not applicable; it is only applicable when “rules state otherwise”.
Athletes who start early/late jeopardize the security of persons [629.2]. This rule and rules and clearly mandate DSQ.

69. DELAYED START [613.6, ]
A “delayed” competitor is one who is not present in the start area or who is not ready to step into the start gate when called.
In cases of force majeure (occurrences beyond the control of the athlete), the Start Referee may permit the delay inserted in the normal starting order.
In cases of doubt he may allow a provisional start inserted in the normal starting order.
Delayed starts that are not due to force majeure require SANCTION which may or may not include DSQ.

70. INTERDICTION TO CONTINUE AFTER A COMPETITOR STOPS
If a competitor misses a gate [ ] or comes to a complete stop (e.g. after a fall), he must no longer continue through previous or further gates.
This interdiction is valid in all events with a fixed start interval (Downhill, Super G, and Giant Slalom).
The only exception is Slalom [ ], as long as the competitor does not interfere with the run of the next competitor or has not been passed by the next competitor. [ ]

71. PROVISIONAL RERUNS
When making a determination on validity of a provisional rerun, Jury must evaluate the following, many of which are included in the very clear provisions of 623:
Did the competitor cross the finish line?  Unless the claimed obstruction occurred in close proximity to the finish line and the competitor’s racing speed did not allow sufficient time for the competitor to avoid crossing the finish line, the Jury may consider the run is over.
When interference did not occur in immediate proximity to the finish line, did competitor stop immediately after the obstruction or interference occurred and report the incident to the nearest Gate Judge or Jury member?
Does the claimed obstruction/interference meet the requirements of (Technical Failure), (Yellow Flag) or (Grounds for Interference)?
Did a “similar incident” occur that caused significant loss of speed or lengthening of the racing line and consequently affect the competitor’s time? [ ] 

72. MORE ABOUT
Please note the reference to “competitor’s time” refers to “time on course” – not “competitor’s assigned time”. Example would be if a competitor is forced to ski around a hole in the course, this would lengthen his racing line and affect his time.

73. MORE ABOUT RERUNS
Rules , , and – list specific definitions of obstruction/interference, and rules cannot be written to address all issues that could be so defined.
Rule refers to “similar incident” which gives the Jury latitude to address these issues. This could apply to an obstruction that occurred in immediate proximity to the finish line, a gate that is not replaced in the correct position and requires a reaction time of one or more gates; weather issues, e.g. fog, lightening, snow swirl, etc.; course condition, e.g. surface breakdown, etc.
Did the competitor commit a fault (gate fault or start procedure fault) prior to the obstruction or interference?  [628.7]
Only the Jury can authorize a provisional start or validate a provisional run.
A provisional or definitively approved rerun remains valid even if it proves slower than the obstructed run.
    

74. RERUNS & THE JURY Every case must be checked individually
Jury on site is the only group that can decide, based on the particular and detailed circumstances and facts, if interference did occur
This applies to all requests for a provisional rerun but is especially important in the case of a claim for interference based on a broken gate.

75. LOSS OF ONE SKI & CROSSING FINISH: FIS Event Only
LOSS OF ONE SKI: If a competitor loses a ski without having committed a gate fault or without coming to a complete stop, he may continue as long as he does not interfere with the run of the next competitor or has not been passed by the next competitor. [ ] If the competitor violates these provisions, penalty may be assessed. [628.8]
CROSSING THE FINISH LINE: The Finish Line must be crossed:
- On both skis or
- On one ski or
- With both feet in case of a fall between the last gate and the
finish line. In this case, the time is taken when any part of the
competitor’s body stops the timekeeping system. [615.3]

76. SECOND RUN ALLOWANCE: DNS, DNF or DSQ
In a two-run non-scored event, first-run competitors who are DNS, DNF or DSQ should be allowed to take a second run at the end of the field. [U ]; notice should be given no later than the Team Captains’ Meeting.
In a two-run non-scored event where each run counts individually, first-run DNS, DNF or DSQ competitors are allowed to start the second run in their originally scheduled start position.
In a two-run scored event, first run DNF or DSQ competitors should be allowed to start the second run at the end of the field in their original bib and their first-run starting order. [U ]; notice should be given no later than the Team Captains’ Meeting.

77. Suggested Procedure: Tracking 1st Run DNF, DSQ athletes in 2nd Run of Scored Event
The Chief of Timing & Calculations and the Race Administrator/Data Manager account for all competitors, and the USSA Technical Delegate Report requires documentation of these calculations.
For events where 1st- run DNF, DSQ athletes are allowed to start in the 2nd run, this can create a unique challenge.
Some Technical Delegates may instruct the Chief of Timing & Calculations to stop recording after all valid 2nd-run starters have completed their run.
This will result in an incomplete record of the event, so the following is suggested as an alternative procedure.
1. Start Referee notifies Timing when last valid 2nd-run starter has left the start
2. Chief of Timing & Calculations or assistant makes appropriate notations in the DNS
and DNF sections of the Report by the Referee
3. Report by the Referee will now concisely reflect how many actual 2nd-run DNS and DNF competitors are to be considered in calculation of “Finishers/Total Ranked on
Result”.

78. This is a suggested method
This is a suggested method. Chief of Timing or assistant may use recording method of their choice; e.g.: End 2nd Run, Run 1 Racers, etc.

79. FACTORS
Factors used for calculating race penalties for scored events remain unchanged for the season.
DH: 1250
SL: 720
GS: 980
SG: 1080
AC: 1150

80. USSA MEMBERSHIP
USSA membership renewal/registration has moved exclusively to an online process.
Members can carry 2 memberships for 1 fee, e.g. Alpine + Snowboard; Snowboard + Freestyle
Family memberships are available
USSA’s General Member replaced “Club Participant” and is designed for young athletes who are training with a club program and may be competing in non-USSA competitions. USSA Club Participant members are eligible to forerun but not to compete in sanctioned events.
USSA competitor memberships are available for classes U10-, U12, U14, U16+, and Masters 18+.
U10- category is comprised of U8 (ages 7 and younger) and U10 (ages 8 and 9)
U16+ category is comprised of U19 (ages 16, 17 & 18); U21 (ages 19 & 20); Senior (age 21+).
A per-day membership category is available that allows members to try different events/disciplines without having to obtain full Competitor membership. Short Term memberships are available for:
Short Term Youth U & under
Short Term Athlete U & over
Short Term Masters 18 & over
If you have any questions regarding the membership category appropriate for you, contact USSA’s Membership Department or your Region/Division USSA Alpine Office.

81. DUAL or PARALLEL EVENTS
Dual or Parallel events can be staged using either Giant Slalom (GS) or Slalom (SL) format. Two or more competitors race simultaneously side by side down two or more courses with the winners advancing into “brackets” and elimination-type finals.
Rules generally follow FIS ICR with USSA adaptations (“U” rules)
In addition to the “U” rules, it is also recommended that a suggested format be included to give organizers and athletes a general idea of how the event should be run. This suggested format could be used – or not – based on divisional goals.

82. PARALLEL RULES
Parallel events can be staged using either Giant Slalom (GS) or Slalom (SL). Winners of each run do not advance into “brackets” or elimination-type finals. Overall winner is decided either by fastest time on course (1- run format) or fastest combined time (2-run format).
U & U : Events may be conducted on parallel courses. For this type of event, course specifications for Parallel events should be used. ACR All other rules for GS/SL apply.

83. COURSE SETTING SPECIFICATIONS CHILDREN’S COURSE SETTING SPECIFICATIONS
USSA EQUIPMENT MATRIX
COURSE SETTING SPECIFICATIONS
CHILDREN’S COURSE SETTING SPECIFICATIONS
Please refer to current Alpine Competition Guide or documents posted on the USSA website at:

84. HOMOLOGATION FILES
USSA course homologation files are available on the USSA website.
Login is required:
User ID = homologation;
Password = Allout2018!

85. NATIONAL HEAD TAX FAQ’S
National Head Tax of $10.00 per starting competitor, per race per gender is due to USSA for all USSA scored events, including FIS-U. Head Tax is paid for all first-run starts, including DSQ's and DNF’s. Head Tax is due within 30 days of the race date.
All Competitors MUST be accounted for. U.S. Ski Team Members (A, B, C, D), USSA National University Team Members, U.S. Paralympic National Alpine Skiing Team Members and NAMED Foreign National Team Members ranked 350 or better in one of the events being contested are exempt from USSA Head Tax. In addition, Head Tax for athletes ranked 100 or better in one of the events being contested may also be waived regardless of their national team affiliation or national status. Exempt competitors MUST be listed on the “Head Tax Exemption Sheet” which can be found in the Master Packet of Forms.
USSA - after automatically deducting USST athletes from the total number of starts - will calculate the amount of Head Tax due and provide a detailed account of expected amounts. This can be found under the Schedule Agreement area of the club login. A form showing the expected Head Tax for National, Regional and Divisional (not all Divisions have supplied Head Tax information for inclusion in the calculations) can be printed from that site and returned with required Head Tax payments. If USSA’s calculation shows a different amount due, the “Head Tax Exemption Sheet” must be included with payment.
Head Tax for non-FIS collegiate events is $250 per race/per gender.

86. HEAD TAX: USSA’S ONLINE RACE REGISTRATION
If an OC chooses to use USSA’s online race registration system, the OC needs to login to the Event Administration System using the club login to see their Head Tax owed and registration amount collected. Once agreement is reached, USSA will forward the entry fees to the OC.
If a Region/Division that requires additional Head Tax has not supplied Head Tax information for inclusion in the calculations, payment of these amounts will be the responsibility of the OC and should be submitted as directed by your appropriate Region/Division. Verify procedure for your Region/Division.
Event Organizers may choose, or be required, by Region/Division to waive entry fees for regional teams, etc., however USSA National Head Tax MUST still be paid for these competitors.

87. REVIEW OF NEW RULES RULE CHANGES & CLARIFICATIONS

88. PLEASE REVIEW, as required
Change to list of approved software for Alpine events
Updated “Master Packet of Forms”
Gate Judge Video
USSA Membership Classifications & Requirements: Coaches & Officials
USSA Website Membership Lookup Tool
Online Homologation Files
Race Result Document Packet Content Changes
Injury Reporting Requirements
Jury Minutes
Homologated Timing, Gate Panels, Flex Poles
Drones at USSA and/or FIS Events
Not Permitted to Start: “NPS” and addition of bib requirement
Competition Equipment: USSA - Helmets, Cameras, Mounts, Bling
Competition Equipment: FIS Helmets - Alterations/Modifications, Suits
Provisional Reruns with emphasis on provisions of and reruns due to broken gates
Second runs: DNS, DNF, DSQ [U , U ]
Parallel Duel Events / Parallel Events
Criteria for events where points’ improvements exceed expectations
TDTR Software & its requirements/use for FIS and non-FIS events
Online Competition Official (CO) certification

89. ALPINE OFFICIALS’ INFORMATION

90. ALPINE OFFICIALS’ MANUAL: Manual has been updated and is posted on the USSA website.
CERTIFICATION GUIDELINES: Certification Guidelines have been updated and are included in the “Master Packet of Forms”.
MASTER PACKET OF FORMS: Due to the procedural changes for both USSA non-FIS and USSA FIS events, many forms have been updated. Please discard all old versions of forms and only use the forms included in the “Master Packet of Forms” located on the USSA website

91. ADDITIONAL AO EDUCATION PRESENTATIONS
“Introduction to Ski Racing (CO)”
“Gate Judges – The Most Important People on the Hill” (2016)
“Split Second 101 – Data Management of a Ski Race”
“VOLA – A Guide for Use”
“Referee”
“Jury Minutes: A Guide for Preparation”
“Basic T & C”
“Race Points & Penalty”
“Replacement Time”
“TDTR”; Paper & Online
“Timing Workshop”
“Radio Protocol & Techniques”
All presentations are posted on the USSA website. An online Competition Official course is also available and is posted on Region/Division websites.

92. Our goal is to provide education that will result in events that are secure, consistent, fun and fair for all competitors: YSL or Olympic-bound. Thank you for your attendance and for your support of the United States Ski & Snowboard Association and its Alpine Officials’ Education Program. A special thank you to Allen Church for his many years of service to the USSA and FIS Alpine Officials’ volunteer community; he has been a valuable mentor and is a valued friend! T. Hoessler, Chair USSA AOEWG