1. The Effectiveness of An Infant Caregiver Mentoring Program: Multi-Dimensional Interventions Utilizing Random Clinical Trials*
Richard Fiene, Ph.D.
Penn State University
* Paper presented at the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD) Biennial Meeting, April 7-10, 2005, Atlanta, Georgia.

2. Research Literature Mentoring research in the past 20 years
Random clinical trials (RCT)
Infancy research
Statewide Professional Development Systems
Emphasis on workshop delivery

3. Research Methodology Random Clinical Trials Staggered Waiting List
Mentoring Only & Certificate + Mentoring
Comparison/Control Groups
Single versus Multiple Interventions Mentoring
Caregivers, Directors, Parents
Children

4. Research Tools Infant Toddler Environment Rating Scale (ITERS)
Knowledge of Infant Development Scale (KIDI)
Arnett Caregiver Interaction Scale (CIS)
Bloom Classroom Organizational Climate Scale (Bloom)
Home Based Observation System (HOME)
Developmental Observation Checklist System Scale (DOCS)(Outcome Variable)

5. Research Design Pre-Test Post-Test ITERS ITERS KIDI KIDI CIS CIS
Bloom Bloom
HOME HOME
DOCS DOCS
Random Assignment
Control Group (Workshops) Control Group (Workshops)
Mentoring Interventions Mentoring Interventions
DOCS = ITERS/HOME + KIDI + CIS + Bloom

6. Research Results: ITERS/HOME Post-Test Scores
3.76 = Workshops (6 hours)(Control Group)
4.01 = Certificate + Mentoring (18 +6 hours)
4.21 = Mentoring Caregiver (70 hours)
4.03 = Mentoring Director (50 hours)
4.23 = Mentoring Parent (45 hours)
4.55 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent (135 hrs)
5.04 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director (225 hours)

7. Intervention: Number of Hours

8. ITERS/HOME Post-Test Scores

9. ITERS/HOME Pre-Post-Test Change * = statistically significant change
= Workshops
= Certificate + Mentoring
.41* = Mentoring Caregiver
.33* = Mentoring Director
= Mentoring Parent
.75* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
1.24* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

10. KIDI Post-Test Scores 72% = Workshops 75% = Certificate + Mentoring
80% = Mentoring Caregiver
81% = Mentoring Director
78% = Mentoring Parent
85% = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
87% = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

11. KIDI Post-Test Scores

12. KIDI Pre-Post Test Change
1% = Workshops
5% = Certificate + Mentoring
10%* = Mentoring Caregiver
11%* = Mentoring Director
8% = Mentoring Parent
15%* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
17%* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

13. CIS Post-Test Scores 3.25 = Workshops 3.40 = Certificate + Mentoring
3.51 = Mentoring Caregiver
3.67 = Mentoring Director
3.56 = Mentoring Parent
3.75 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
3.88 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

14. CIS Post-Test Scores

15. CIS Pre-Post-Test Change
.05 = Workshops
.20 = Certificate + Mentoring
.35* = Mentoring Caregiver
.40* = Mentoring Director
.26 = Mentoring Parent
.45* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
.58* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

16. Bloom Post-Test Scores
3.56 = Workshops
3.55 = Certificate + Mentoring
3.59 = Mentoring Caregiver
3.71 = Mentoring Director
3.47 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
3.83 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

17. Bloom Post-Test Scores

18. Bloom Pre- Post-Test Changes
.06 = Workshops
.15 = Certificate + Mentoring
.49* = Mentoring Caregiver
.51* = Mentoring Director
.17 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
.83* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

19. DOCS Post-Test Scores 102 = Workshops 111 = Certificate + Mentoring
115 = Mentoring Caregiver
113 = Mentoring Director
119 = Mentoring Parent
127 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
135 = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

20. DOCS Post-Test Scores

21. DOCS Pre- Post-Test Changes
1 = Workshops
11 = Certificate + Mentoring
19* = Mentoring Caregiver
13 = Mentoring Director
19* = Mentoring Parent
27* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent
37* = Mentoring Caregiver + Parent + Director

22. Conclusions
The more mentoring, with the multi-interventions had the greatest impact on quality and children’s development.
Workshops (6 hours) had very little impact on quality and children’s development.
The multi-interventions were more costly than the more minimal interventions.

23. For additional Information
Richard Fiene, Ph.D.
Director and Associate Professor
Health and Human Development Institute
The Pennsylvania State University
2001 North Front Street
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17102