Bell Ringer Date: November 16th, 2016

Bell Ringer Date: November 16th, 2016
Copy down your homework for tonight & this week Take out your Bell Ringers for this week 11/15 – 11/18 and answer this question. 11/16: If you could create a Right guaranteed in the Bill of Rights, what would it be and why?

Today’s Agenda Score a 70% or better on the Chapter 7 Pop Quiz
Measureable Objective Score a 70% or better on the Chapter 7 Pop Quiz Florida Standard: Analyze support and opposition to the ratification of the United States Constitution Agenda I do: Explain expectations and outcomes for National History Day. We do: Review foundations of the United States government. You do: Assess understanding of Chapter 7 by taking a pre-quiz. Essential Question How did those in favor of the Constitution achieve its ratification? Learning Goal - By the end of the lesson you will… Explain how the foundation of our government are setup and created accordin to the needs of individuals and the nation as a whole.

1) How many members make up the House of Representatives?
Chapter 7 Review 1) How many members make up the House of Representatives? 425 435 50 100

2) How many members make up the Senate?
Chapter 7 Review 2) How many members make up the Senate? 425 435 50 100

Representative = 2 years President = 4 years Governor = Lifetime
Chapter 7 Review 3) Which of the following below does NOT correspond to the government position and time elected. Senator = 6 years Representative = 2 years President = 4 years Governor = Lifetime

The Vice-President The President Speaker of the House
Chapter 7 Review 4) Who is the President of the Senate? The Vice-President The President Speaker of the House Secretary of State

5) How is money raised by the government?
Chapter 7 Review 5) How is money raised by the government? Selling land Trading between states Taxes Printing money

6) Who is Commander-in-Chief of the United States military?
Chapter 7 Review 6) Who is Commander-in-Chief of the United States military? Secretary of War The President Secretary of Defense 5 Star General

Choose topic for National History Day.
Homework for this Week! Quiz to come: Gather all documents labeled E, a pop quiz is coming soon & Choose topic for National History Day.

A “Just Right” Government
WANTED: A “Just Right” Government

Wanted: A government that…
Has enough ________ to do its job Doesn’t give anyone too ______ power Considers the needs of all _________ Lets people have a ________ Protects individual __________ much say states power Give students two minutes to use these words to complete the cloze “wanted” note on the notetaking worksheet. When they are finished, ask for the answers by reading each phrase, pausing at the blank, and asking the class for a choral response. rights

In 1777, the Americans wrote their first plan for government in a document called the
Articles of Confederation

The First Attempt: The Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation? What’s a confederation?? A confederation is a _________ of individuals _______ together for a _________. group united Make sure students understand we’re talking about the first attempt at a new government. Then give students 2-3 minutes to fill in the first cloze paragraph with these words. Check answers by reading the sentences and pausing for choral response. purpose

Each state was _________________ and had its own ________________. Each state would send _______________ to the “Congress of the Confederation.” The Congress was the only ____________ government. There was no ___________. In Congress, each state got _______ vote. independent government representatives central Make sure students understand we’re talking about the first attempt at a new government. Then give students 2-3 minutes to fill in the first cloze paragraph with these words. Check answers by reading the sentences and pausing for choral response. President one

Hey, this sounds great! Wait! Not so fast… States get to keep their ______ and ____________ No _____________ telling the states what to do Congress had the power to create a _________ to ________all the states Congress had no way to __________ its _______! Congress had no power to collect _________ to pay for the military! The Articles could only be _________ if ______ the states agreed! power independence enforce laws government taxes military protect changed ALL

Think About It Under the Articles of Confederation, a President would lead the country.  True  False Slides 7 – 13: Click through the slides to quiz students. The class should give a choral response of “true” or “false.” 

States would be independent under the Articles of Confederation.
Think About It States would be independent under the Articles of Confederation.   True  False

The Articles of Confederation were easy to change.
Think About It The Articles of Confederation were easy to change.  True  False 

The more people a state had, the more votes it got in Congress.
Think About It The more people a state had, the more votes it got in Congress.  True  False 

Congress did not have the power to collect taxes.
Think About It Congress did not have the power to collect taxes.   True  False

Congress could pass laws and force states to follow them.
Think About It Congress could pass laws and force states to follow them.  True  False 

The Articles of Confederation created the first American government.
Think About It The Articles of Confederation created the first American government.   True  False

Congress is too weak to end the conflicts between our states!
There were some good things and some bad things about the Articles of Confederation. In general, people felt like the government wasn’t working! Congress is too weak to end the conflicts between our states!

But there was no easy solution…
We need a President! Large states should have more say! Down with central government! Small states should have more say! More help for fishermen! Who needs a President? Up with central government! More help for farmers!

States Had Different Needs
Some states depended on , fishing while others mostly grew crops

States Had Different Sizes
Some states had people, many while others had few

People Had Different Opinions
Some people feared a central government. Others thought a central government was necessary A central government will have too much power! We’ll lose our freedom! But we’ll never get anything done if no one is in charge!!

Everybody thought the central government should have more power.
Think About It Everybody thought the central government should have more power.  True  False Slides 19 – 23: Click through the slides to quiz students. The class should give a choral response of “true” or “false.” 

Some people were afraid states might lose their independence.
Think About It Some people were afraid states might lose their independence.   True  False

Different states had different needs for government to meet.
Think About It Different states had different needs for government to meet.   True  False

The states all got along with each other.
Think About It The states all got along with each other.  True  False 

Think About It The government created by the Articles of Confederation had everything under control among the states.  True  False 

Something needed to change, but people didn’t want a central government to have too much power!

The states decided to put aside some of their differences and come together to try to solve the problem of forming a new government…

Articles of Confederation
A New Idea! Articles of Confederation New Idea 1 Branch Legislative—makes laws 3 Branches

A New Idea! Legislative: Makes laws How many should each state get in the legislature? votes But Wait! Executive: Carries out laws Judicial: Interprets laws

Think About It Each state gets to send representatives to the legislature. Which states would have the most power if… The more people a state had, the more representatives it got? Answer: The more people, the more power!

Think About It Each state gets to send representatives to the legislature. Which states would have the most power if… Each state got one vote, no matter how small? Answer: People in the small states would have more power.

Battle of the Plans The Virginia Plan The New Jersey Plan
Legislative branch has ___ “chambers” Number of votes for each state depends on the state’s ___________ ________ states would have more power 2 Legislative branch has ___ “chamber” Each state gets ___ vote ________ states would have more power 1 1 Smaller population Larger (Virginia was a large state, and New Jersey was a small state. Surprise!)

Think About It Is it more fair for every state to have the same amount of power no matter how few people live there, or should states with more people have more power?  All states should have the same power  Larger states should have more power Poll the class. Call on random students to explain their choices. WHY?

The Constitution of the United States of America
There were a lot of differences to overcome and a lot of compromises to make…but finally… The Constitution of the United States of America

The Constitution Solution
Legislative: Makes laws Divide Congress Into Two Houses Senate House of Representatives Each state gets 2 votes. The more people the state has, the more votes it gets! Executive: Carries out laws Judicial: Interprets laws And that’s not all…

Not only did the Constitution resolve the problem of the legislature, but it solved some other problems as well…

Think About It Did the Articles of Confederation require states to treat other states the same as their own citizens?  Yes  No 

The Constitution requires each state to treat ________ of other states the ______ as it treats its own citizens. citizens same

Think About It How many states had to agree in order for the Articles of Confederation to be changed?   All states  A majority of states

The Constitution can be changed if ________________ of the members of Congress and ________________ of the states agree. two-thirds (2/3) three-fourths (3/4)

Think About It Did the Articles of Confederation require states to follow the laws Congress passed?  Yes  No 

The Constitution says that the laws passed by Congress are _________ to laws passed by the _______. superior states

The new Americans made compromises and found solutions for their new government. Let’s review the final product of the Constitutional Convention!

Under the Constitution
Laws are made by the _______ branch. A B  Slides 42 – 47: Click through the slides to quiz students. The class should give a choral response of “A” or “B.” executive legislative

Laws passed by Congress are _____ to state laws. A  B superior inferior

Congress has ______. A B  1 chamber 2 chambers

Each state gets two votes in the __________. A B  House of Representatives Senate

In the House of Representatives, the number of votes each states gets is based on its ________. A  B population taxes

A change to the Constitution must be approved by ___________. A B  All states ¾ of states

Although they managed to solve the problems created by the Articles, there were still many decisions to be made before everyone accepted the Constitution!

Review Quiz Time!! 1) Take out a sheet of paper
2) Title it Chapter 7 Review Quiz – E7 3) Number your sheet 1-16 For the following pre-quiz, write down the letter for the answer for each question.

What was the first Constitution of the United States?
Question #1 What was the first Constitution of the United States? The Declaration of Independence The Bill of Rights The Articles of Confederation The Magna Carta

2) __________ = rules under which a government will operate.
Question #2 2) __________ = rules under which a government will operate. Compromise Legislature Execute Constitution

3) Why were the Articles of Confederation weak? (2 answers)
Question #3 3) Why were the Articles of Confederation weak? (2 answers) No strong federal government No way to collect taxes Each state didn’t follow it Each state couldn’t have its own government

4) One obstacle to approving the Articles of Confederation was that?
Question #4 4) One obstacle to approving the Articles of Confederation was that? some states did not want to give up their claims to land west of the Appalachian Mountains. most states objected to a one-house legislature. some states did not want to give a lot of power to Congress. most states preferred to stay independent.

Question #5 5) What is one reason many people called for changes to the Articles of Confederation? The opposed the Northwest Ordinance They wanted a plan of government made up of two branches They believed that a weak central government was ineffective They thought the state governments were too weak

Question #6 6) How did Shays’ Rebellion encourage people to push for a plan to revise the Articles of Confederation? It made people worry about how a weak central government might respond to future rebellions It gave members of the rebellion more political power It encouraged farmers to petition state government for economic relief It convinced leaders of the importance of individual rights and freedom of speech

7) __________ = agreement in which each side gives up some demands
Question #7 7) __________ = agreement in which each side gives up some demands Compromise Legislature Execute Constitution

Question #8 The New Jersey & Virginia Plan
8) To fix the problems of the Articles of Confederation, two plans were put forward, they were called… The New Jersey & Virginia Plan The New Jersey & Great Compromise The Georgia & Virginia Plan The Great Compromise & 3/5th’s Plan

Question #9 The Great Compromise The Bill of Rights
9) Which of these resolved the conflict between the two plans of government shown in the diagram? The Great Compromise The Bill of Rights The Articles of Confederation The Northwest Ordinance

Question #10 No judicial branch of government One branch of government
10) Which of these could appear under the New Jersey Plan in the diagram? No judicial branch of government One branch of government No executive branch of government The same number of votes per state

11) Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution?
Question #11 11) Why did some people oppose ratification of the Constitution? It did not include protection of individual rights. It eliminated state governments. It made slavery illegal. It failed to include checks and balances.

12) How did the Bill of Rights become part of the Constitution?
Question #12 12) How did the Bill of Rights become part of the Constitution? It was agreed upon in the Great Compromise. It was copied from a number of state constitutions. It was approved by all the delegates at the Constitutional Convention. It was added through the amendment process.

13) Under the Bill of Rights, which of the following is NOT protected?
Question #13 13) Under the Bill of Rights, which of the following is NOT protected? freedom of speech freedom of the military freedom of religion freedom of the press

Question #14 So long as any individual state has power to defeat the measures of the other twelve, our pretended union is but a name.” - Noah Webster, New England Schoolteacher 14) Which statement BEST reflects Noah Webster’s position in the above quotation? Smaller states have more power than larger states States should have the right to ignore national legislation States in the same region can form alliances to defeat actions of other regions Individuals states have too much power to form a true union

Question #15 Executive branch State legislature Citizens Congress
15) The opening phrase of the Constitution, “We, the people,” means that the Constitution gets its authority from the… Executive branch State legislature Citizens Congress

Question #16 Bill of Rights Legislature Power to declare war
16) What did most state constitutions have that the original U.S. Constitution did not have? Bill of Rights Legislature Power to declare war Power to make laws