1. BYZANTINE EMPIRE

2. I. SETTING THE STAGE A. REBUILDING BYZANTIUM
1. CAPITAL MOVED TO BYZANTIUM
2. LOCATION - BOSPHORUS STRAITS

3. BOSPORUS
STRAITS

4. …REBUILDING 3. ABLE TO RESPOND TO GERMAN INVASIONS
4. CLOSER TO RICH EASTERN PROVINCES
5. RENAMED CONSTANTINOPLE

5. …SETTING
6. PROTECTED WESTERN EUROPE FROM ISLAMIC INVASION

7. II. A NEW ROME
A. JUSTINIAN
1. CONSTANTINE'S SUCCESSOR
a) JUSTINIAN

8. JUSTINIAN

9. …JUSTINIAN
b) BYZANTINE NOBLEMAN
c) TOOK PLACE OF UNCLE

10. 2. RECOVERING THE EMPIRE
a) NORTH AFRICA FROM GERMANIC TRIBES (VANDALS)
b) ROME FROM THE OSTROGOTHS
C) CONQUERED ITALY & SPAIN

11. …EMPIRE
d) RULED ALMOST ALL OF OLD ROMAN EMPIRE (EXCEPT GAUL)

12. Justinian's Empire

13. B. THE USE OF ABSOLUTE POWER
1. HEAD OF STATE AND CHURCH
2. APPOINTED STATE AND CHURCH OFFICIALS
3. LIVED UNDER CONSTANT THREAT OF DEATH

14. III. LIFE IN THE NEW ROME A. INTRODUCTION 1. BYZANTINE CHARACTER
a) SHARED ROMAN TRADITIONS

15. …CHARACTER b) MOST PEOPLE SPOKE GREEK
c) BELONGED TO EASTERN CHURCH (EASTERN/GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH)

16. 2. CREATING UNIFORM LAW CODE
a) EXPERTS TO REWRITE LAW
b) LAWS WERE OUTDATED
c) LAWS WERE CONTRADICTORY
d) CREATED UNIFORM CODE JUSTINIAN CODE

17. 3. PARTS OF JUSTINIAN'S CODE
a) CODE OLD ROMAN LAWS
b) DIGEST - SUMMARY OF OPINIONS OF EXPERTS ON ROMAN LAW

18. …CODE C) INSTITUTE – TEXTBOOK ON HOW LAWS WERE TO BE USED
d) NOVELLAE - NEW LAWS FOR BYZANTINE EMPIRE
e) INFLUENCED LATER WESTERN EUROPEAN LEGAL CODES

19. 4. AREAS OF CODE a) MARRIAGE b) SLAVERY c) PROPERTY & INHERITANCE
d) WOMEN’S RIGHTS
e) CRIMINAL JUSTICE

20. CODE OF
JUSTINIAN

21. for such
offspring, born of bondwoman and freeman, shall be left in their present
state, and the offspring procreated from such connection shall be of bond status. But if any one were born either of a slave and a bondwoman or of a female slave and a bondman, he should follow the condition of his mother and be of such condition as she was, either slave or bondwoman;which

22. B. IMPERIAL CAPITOL 1. FORTIFICATIONS a) 14 MILE WALL ON COAST
b) MOAT AND 3 WALLS LAND SIDE
c) MASSIVE FORTIFICATIONS INSIDE WALL 25 FT. THICK FT TOWERS

24. 2. HAGIA SOPHIA b) MOST SPLENDID CHURCH IN CHRISTENDOM
a) REBUILT CHURCH
b) MOST SPLENDID CHURCH IN CHRISTENDOM
c) INCORPORATED DOME ON RECTANGLE ARCHITECTURE

29. 3. ARCHITECTURE a) INSPIRED BY CHRISTIAN RELIGION
b) MOSAICS USED IN PUBLIC AND RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS

30. 4. OTHER BUILDING PROJECTS
a) PALACE
b) BATHS
c) AQUEDUCTS
d) COURTS
e) SCHOOLS
f) HOSPITALS

31. 5. PRESERVING GRECO-ROMAN CULTURE
a) SCHOOLS
(1) MONASTIC (CHURCH)
(2) PUBLIC (GOV OFFICIALS
(3) PRIVATE TUTORS

32. 6. CURRICULUM a) GREEK & LATIN GRAMMAR b) PHILOSOPHY
c) GREEK & ROMAN LITERATURE

33. …EDUCATION
d) GEOMETRY
e) MEDICINE

34. 7. EFFECTS OF EDUCATION
a. PRESERVED GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE

35. C. CONSTANTINOPLE 1. MARKET PLACE a. MAIN STREET THROUGH CITY
b. LINED WITH MERCHANTS STALLS

36. …CONSTANTINOPLE
c) GOODS FROM…
(1) ASIA, (2) EUROPE, (3) AFRICA

37. SILK

38. …GOODS
d) BECAME CROSSROADS FOR TRADE FROM ALL CONTINENTS

39. 2. ENTERTAINMENT a) HIPPODROME (1) CHARIOT RACES
(2) PERFORMANCE (CIRCUS) ACTS

40. 3. THEODORA a) BACKGROUND (1) FROM POOR BACKGROUND
(2) WORKED AS ACTRESS
(3) MARRIED JUSTINIAN

41. EMPRESS
THEODORA

42. b. AS EMPRESS (1) MET WITH FOREIGN OFFICIALS (2) PASSED LAWS
(3) BUILT CHURCHES

43. IV. THE EMPIRE FALLS A. MYSTERIOUS PLAGUE 1. RESEMBLED BUBONIC PLAGUE
2. CAME FROM INDIA
3. UP TO 10,000 DEAD PER DAY
4. DECREASED POPULATION

44. B. ATTACKS FROM EAST AND WEST
1. WEST - LOMBARDS
2. NORTH - AVARS, SLAVS, BULGARS
3. EAST - PERSIANS

45. C. DEFENSES 1. BRIBES, DIPLOMACY, POLITICAL MARRIAGES 2. THEMES
a) MILITARY DISTRICTS
b) RUN BY GENERAL REPORTING TO EMPEROR

46. …DEFENSES 3. BORDERS SLOWLY SHRANK
4. BECAME STRIP OF BALKAN PENINSULA & PART OF ANATOLIA PENINSULA
5. FELL TO OTTOMAN TURKS IN 1453

47. V. THE CHURCH DIVIDES A. CAUSE & EFFECT
1. EAST/WEST BEGAN TO DEVELOP DIFFERENTLY
2. DISTANCE & LACK OF CONTACT

48. …DIVISION 3. DOCTRINE & RITUALS BECAME DIFFERENT 4. CHURCH SPLIT
WEST - ROMAN CATHOLIC
EAST - EASTERN/GREEK ORTHODOX

49. B. SPLIT OF ROME & CONSTANTINOPLE
1. LEADERSHIP OF EASTERN CHURCH
a) PATRIARCH - LEADING EASTERN BISHOP
b) EMPEROR - CONTROLLED THE PATRIARCH & CHURCH

50. 2. CONTROVERSY a. LEO - BANNED ICONS - VIEWED AS IDOL WORSHIP
b. ICONS - RELIGIOUS IMAGES USED IN WORSHIP

51. 3. OPPOSITION TO LEO a) PEOPLE REVOLTED b) CLERGY REBELLED
c) POPE - SUPPORTED USE OF ICONS
d) EXCOMMUNICATION - OUTCAST FROM CHURCH

52. ST. JOHN THE
EVANGELIST

53. CHRIST
PANTOKRATOR

54. IVORY
CARVING OF
CRUCIFIXION

55. VIRGIN
AMYLYNTOS

56. 4. SCHISM (SPLIT) a) SPLIT IN CHURCH OVER CHURCH DOCTRINE
b) RESULTED IN PERMANENT DIVISION OF CHURCH

57. …SCHISM c) WEST - ROMAN CATHOLIC (SPOKE LATIN)
d) EAST - EASTERN ORTHODOX/GREEK ORTHODOX (SPOKE GREEK)

58. C. EASTERN CHURCH 1. CENTERED IN CONSTANTINOPLE
2. PLACED CHURCH CLOSE TO THE EMPEROR
3. USED GREEK IN LITURGY (MASS/SERVICE)

59. D. WESTERN CHURCH 1. CENTERED IN ROME 2. FAR FROM CENTER OF POWER
3. USED LATIN IN LITURGY
4. POPE BECOMES MOST POWERFUL PERSON IN WESTERN EUROPE (CHRISTENDOM)

60. E. OTHER DIVISIONS 1. WEST VIEWED POPE AS LEADER OF CHURCH
2. EAST VIEWED PATRIARCH AS LEADER OF CHURCH
3. WESTERN CLERGY PRACTICED CELIBACY

61. F. CONVERTING THE SLAVS
1. MISSIONS TO SLAVS NORTH OF THE BLACK SEA

62. 2. METHODIUS & CYRIL a) WORKED AMONG SLAVS
b) CREATED CYRILLIC ALPHABET
c) ALLOWED SLAVS TO READ BIBLE

63. BLACK SEA
BOSPORUS STRAITS
CONSTANTINOPLE
ASIA MINOR
GREECE
MEDITERRANEAN