1. Cultural competence
Ch 12

2. Diversity in the US 25% of population descended from non-Europeans
“Melting Pot”
“Minority”
Race
Multicultural Group

3. disabilities
ADA (1991): “physical or mental impairment (any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss that affects one or more body systems: neurological, musculosketetal, special sense organs, respiratory/speech, cardiovascular, reproductive, digestive genitourinary, hemic and lymphatic, skin, and endocrine; or any mental or psychological disorder such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities) that substantially limits one or more of the major life events of an individual” (EEOC, 1991, p. 1-26).
What are major life events?
50 million people over the age of 5 have a disability

4. Disability Legislation
National Defense Act of 1916
National Rehabilitation Act of 1920
Social Security Act, 1935
Rehab Act, 1973
Equal Education for All Handicapped Children, (IDEA)
Americans with Disability Act, 1990

5. Discrimination based on culture
US- historically discriminated against multicultural groups
Native American/ First Nations people genocide
Economy based on slavery
Racism towards all ethnic groups such as Native Americans, African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics
Institutional Racism in Schools

6. Discrimination based on Culture, cont.
1960s—admittance to college & voting
1960s-80s—economic improvement
1980s-present—unraveling the govt economic programs
Most multi-cultural groups have been victims of institutional discrimination in these areas:
Schools
Justice system
Health care providers
Social welfare system
Mental health care

7. BarRiers to culturally competent practice
Melting Pot
Happy Immigrants
Explaining behavior based on culture or disability
Color-blind
Assume words mean the same to everyone
Assume clients think as we do
Expect client to understand the role of a social worker
Insufficient self-awareness
Lack of multicultural interventions
Lack of knowledge

8. GIM Engagement Assessment Planning Implementation Evaluation
Termination & Follow-up

9. Practice Wisdom Native Americans/First Nations people
Latinos/Hispanics
African Americans
Asian Americans/ Pacific Islanders
Strategies for General Cultural Competence box on p. 469

10. Gender sensitive practice
Chapter 13

11. Terms
Sexism
Sex Role Stereotypes
Oppression
Sex Discrimination

12. Feminism in social work practice
Feminist Practice- Egalitarian relationship
Feminism- several definitions
Emma Watson- He for She Feminism Movement

13. Micro practice with women
Common Problems
- stressful life events
- lack of self-esteem and a sense of powerlessness
Empower Women
- enhance self-esteem
- increase assertiveness
- scrutinize actions, record situations where cl lacked assertiveness, analyze her action together, role play, find role model, practice in real life and report outcome and success
- educate about aggressive, assertiveness, and nonassertiveness communication (see p. 484) persecutor, balancer, martyr

14. Micro Approach to Sexual assault - 1 in 4 women experience sexual assault-
Acute physiological effects for 6 mo+ (fear, crying, anger, denial, guilt, shock, desire for revenge, physiological symptoms are common)…FEAR and SELF BLAME most common emotional reaction
Counseling- immediate warmth and support
1. Regain control over feelings
2. Elicit support from others
3. Rebuild survivor trust in self, her environment, and other relationships
Report to police and get immediate medical care

15. Macro Approach
Educate public about sexual assault to reduce victim blame
Available services to promote healing and prevention
Awareness-based programs
Empathy-based programs
Social norms-based programs
Skills-based programs
Bystander intervention programs
Legislation (establish degrees of rape, gender neutral, “fighting back” proof eliminated, victim’s past protection, eliminated spousal protection)
Violence Against Women Act (1994)- funds for shelters, training, community initiatives

16. Cycle of Violence

17. Why does she stay? Economic Dependence Lack of Self-Confidence
Lack of Power
Fear of the Abuser
Guilt
Feeling Isolated with no where to go
Fear for her children
Love

18. How can you help? Support Emphasize strengths Review alternatives
Provide information
Advocate
Understand emotional reactions
Listen
Problem Solve
Establish Safety Plan
Strengthen Self-Esteem