1. Do Now: What is Imperialism?
“The industrial countries began to take over other countries. When one country takes over other countries to rule them, it is starting an empire.
There has been imperialism since early times. The early Romans had an empire. The kind of imperialism that began in the 1800’s was different from that of the Roman Empire. In the new kinds of imperialism, the industrial countries began to take over and rule the less-developed countries.”
In your own words, define the meaning of imperialism.

2. Essential Question: Was imperialism a blessing or a curse?

3. Imperialism Background “The sun never sets on the British Empire”
Edward VII
What does it mean?
Causes
Industrial Revolution
Science/Scientific Thought
Technology
New economic and political power

4. Imperialism

5. Imperialism
Imperialism- the domination of one country via political, economic, or cultural life by another country or region
Europe conquered empires across the Atlantic after 1492
Also in S. Asia, Africa, and China
Despite owning these territories, Europe had little influence on the lives of these people
Europe gained power in the 1800’s
Why? How?
Imperialism exploded out of a multitude of causes…

6. Imperialism
S.H.E.P

7. Imperialism Social Darwinism
Say what?...
Westerners had the mission of “civilizing” other cultures
Growing sense of racial superiority in the West
Applied ideas of Social Darwinism to human societies
Europeans were superior to all others
Destruction of weaker species was essential for the betterment of mankind

8. Imperialism Humanitarian Goals
Westerners felt a general concern for their “little brothers”
Missionaries, doctors, and officials spread the “blessings” of the western world
Medicine, law, religion, customs, etc

9. Imperialism
“Take up the White Man’s burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, To serve your captive’s need Take up the White Man’s burden, The savage wars of peace Fill full the mouth of Famine, And bid the sickness cease And when your goal is nearest, The end for other sought Watch sloth and heathen folly, Bring all your hope to nought.” What is the White Man’s Burden? Why is Imperialism considered good?

10. Imperialism Economic Interests
Industrial Revolution created wants and needs that spawned overseas expansion
Wanted access to natural resources like rubber, petroleum, manganese, palm oil
Hoped for new markets in other countries
Outlet for European population

11. Imperialism Political and Military Interests
Merchant ships and naval vessels needed bases around the world
Coal and supplies
Industrial powers took hold of harbors and islands to fulfill this need
Nationalism played a role as well
French took land in west Africa
Britain and Germany seized nearby lands just to stop French expansion
Colonies were needed for security
Global empire was prestigious

12. Imperialism Increase trade by providing market for manufactured goods
Gain sources of raw materials
Secure military advantages
Increase prestige
Share religious and cultural beliefs

13. Which motive do you think is the most justifiable?
Imperialism
Which motive do you think is the most justifiable?

14. Why was Imperialism so successful??

15. Imperialism Weakness of Nonwestern Nations
Europe was growing stronger everyday however other nations were growing weaker
Ottoman Empire
Middle East
India
China
Africa
In Africa, wars among African people and the slave trade hindered already established empire and kingdoms
Not strong enough to resist western expansion

16. Imperialism Western Advantages Strong economies
Well organized governments
Powerful armies and navies
Superior technology/medicine
Quinine-helped Europeans survive deadly tropical disease
Maxim machine gun
Steam-driven warships

17. Imperialism

18. Imperialism Resistance of Non-Western Nations
Africans and Asians strongly resisted western expansion into their nations
Fought back even though they had inferior technology
Strengthened societies by reforming religions and traditions
Western educated Africans and Asians organized movements to expel imperialists from their lands

19. Imperialism Criticism at Home Anti-Imperialists Sentiments
How do you think people took to the news that their country was imperializing?
Anti-Imperialists Sentiments
Colonialism was for the rich
Wanted democracy at home, but were ruling undemocratically abroad
Imperialism stood for assertion of racial supremacy and material force rather than a national responsibility

20. Imperialism Forms of Imperial Rule Colonies- Leading imperial powers
Britain and France
Direct Rule- the sending of officials and soldiers to administer their colonies
France
Indirect Rule- the use of sultans, chiefs, or other local rulers to govern their colonies
Britain
Could still call on troops if things ever got out of control

21. Imperialism Protectorates- Spheres of Influence-
Local rulers were left in place but were expected to follow the advice of the European advisers on issues such as:
Trade, missionary activity, etc
Cost less to run than a colony and did not require mass amounts of military
Spheres of Influence-
An area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges
Spheres were made in China and elsewhere to prevent conflicts among themselves
Example: U.S. claimed Latin America

22. Imperialism

23. Nations Competing for Overseas Empires
Mid-1800s, Britain was the most powerful nation in the world
Produced more goods than anyone else
British Navy was strongest
Late 1800s  Germany & U.S. began challenging Britain’s economic leadership
Britain looked to increase its # colonies for markets, resources, & prestige

24. Nations Competing for Overseas Empires
Other countries realized the importance colonizing had on developing their country
Countries that had no large claims set out to acquire them, following GB’s lead
French
Portugal
Spain
Russia
Belgium
Italy
Ready…Set…GO!
And the race to imperialize is off!

25. Nations Competing for Overseas Empires
Race to imperialize grew out of a strong sense of national pride & from economic competition

26. Imperialism Review! Define Imperialism
What is direct and indirect rule?
How did governments rule their territories?
What is a Protectorate and Sphere of Influence?
What are the causes for imperialism?
Why was imperialism so successful?