1. Starter QUIZ Take scrap paper from little table
Ask each student in this class if they are taking a foreign language class, record their answers and answer the following questions.
1) Name the population.
2) Name the sample.
3) Give a piece of data.
4) Is your data a parameter or a statistic?
5) Give an inferential statistic about the info you collected.
HAVE HW OUT TO BE CHECKED.

2. HOMEWORK

3. Section 1.2 Objectives qualitative or quantitative
Distinguish between qualitative data and quantitative data
Classify data with respect to the four levels of measurement
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

4. Types of Data
Qualitative Data Consists of attributes, labels, or nonnumerical entries.
Major
Place of birth
Eye color
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

5. Types of Data Quantitative data Numerical measurements or counts. Age
Weight of a letter
Temperature
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

6. Types of Data
Data sets can consist of two types of data: qualitative data and quantitative data.
Data
Qualitative Data
Quantitative Data
Consists of attributes, labels, or nonnumerical entries.
Consists of numerical measurements or counts.

7. Example: Classifying Data by Type
The base prices of several vehicles are shown in the table. Which data are qualitative data and which are quantitative data? (Source Ford Motor Company)
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

8. Solution: Classifying Data by Type
Qualitative Data (Names of vehicle models are nonnumerical entries)
Quantitative Data (Base prices of vehicles models are numerical entries)
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

9. Levels of Measurement
The level of measurement determines which statistical calculations are meaningful. The four levels of measurement are: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
Nominal
Lowest to highest
Levels of Measurement
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio

10. Nominal Level of Measurement
Data at the nominal level of measurement are qualitative only.
Nominal
Calculated using names, labels, or qualities. No mathematical computations can be made at this level.
Levels of Measurement
Colors in the US flag
Names of students in your class
Textbooks you are using this semester

11. Ordinal Level of Measurement
Data at the ordinal level of measurement are qualitative or quantitative.
Levels of Measurement
Ordinal
Arranged in order, but differences between data entries are not meaningful.
Class standings: freshman, sophomore, junior, senior
Numbers on the back of each player’s shirt
Top 50 songs played on the radio

12. Levels of Measurement Nominal level of measurement
Qualitative data only
Categorized using names, labels, or qualities
No mathematical computations can be made
Ordinal level of measurement
Qualitative or quantitative data
Data can be arranged in order
Differences between data entries is not meaningful
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

13. Interval Level of Measurement
Data at the interval level of measurement are quantitative. A zero entry simply represents a position on a scale; the entry is not an inherent zero.
Levels of Measurement
Interval
Arranged in order, the differences between data entries can be calculated.
Temperatures
Years on a timeline
Atlanta Braves World Series victories

14. Levels of Measurement Interval level of measurement Quantitative data
Data can ordered
Differences between data entries is meaningful
Zero represents a position on a scale (not an inherent zero – zero does not imply “none”)EXAMPLE 0°
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

15. Ratio Level of Measurement
Data at the ratio level of measurement are similar to the interval level, but a zero entry is meaningful.
A ratio of two data values can be formed so one data value can be expressed as a ratio.
Levels of Measurement
Ratio
Ages
Grade point averages
Weights

16. Levels of Measurement Ratio level of measurement
Similar to interval level
Zero entry is an inherent zero (implies “none”)
A ratio of two data values can be formed
One data value can be expressed as a multiple of another
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

17. Example: Classifying Data by Level
Two data sets are shown. Which data set consists of data at the nominal level? Which data set consists of data at the ordinal level? (Source: Nielsen Media Research)
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

18. Solution: Classifying Data by Level
Ordinal level (lists the rank of five TV programs. Data can be ordered. Difference between ranks is not meaningful.)
Nominal level (lists the call letters of each network affiliate. Call letters are names of network affiliates.)
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

19. Example: Classifying Data by Level
Two data sets are shown. Which data set consists of data at the interval level? Which data set consists of data at the ratio level? (Source: Major League Baseball)
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

20. Solution: Classifying Data by Level
Interval level (Quantitative data. Can find a difference between two dates, but a ratio does not make sense.)
Ratio level (Can find differences and write ratios.)
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

21. Summary of Levels of Measurement
Determine if one data value is a multiple of another
Subtract data values
Arrange data in order
Put data in categories
Level of measurement
Nominal
Yes No No No
Ordinal
Yes
Yes No No
Interval
Yes
Yes
Yes No
Ratio
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

22. Section 1.2 Summary
Distinguished between qualitative data and quantitative data
Classified data with respect to the four levels of measurement
Larson/Farber 4th ed.

23. Together Pg

24. HOMEWORK
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