1. SCE Energy Storage Perspective
Building California’s Flexible Grid: The Irvine Smart Grid Demonstration Closing Symposium
SCE Energy Storage Perspective
Loïc Gaillac
SCE, Advanced Energy Storage Manager
Southern California Edison

2. SCE Approach Storage Technology Laboratory Evaluation
Validate storage technology performance
Create degradation models to optimize system operation (extend life, improve business case)
System or Sub-system Laboratory Testing
Validate system integration (from a safety and operational performance perspective)
Field Demonstration and Pilots
Refine deployment and connection processes
Validate system performance and reliability in the field
System Deployment
Extract energy storage system benefits
Southern California Edison

3. SCE Focus Deploy energy storage as a distribution asset
Support distribution circuit needs (e.g., lower line loading)
When no distribution-function is required, participate in the energy market
Enhance energy storage business case
Southern California Edison

4. Storage Distribution Value
Measuring, monetizing and capturing storage distribution values still remains a challenge
Well Known Values
Distribution upgrade deferral
Partially Known Values
Equipment life extension
Voltage support
Unknown Values
Power quality improvement
DER integration enhancement
Reactive Power compensation
Reliability improvement
Other unidentified values
Southern California Edison

5. Overview of SCE’s On-going ES Demonstration and Pilot Activities1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Tehachapi Storage Project
Large-scale Energy Storage (8MW for 4 hours or 32MWh – Q3 2014)
Evaluate a utility scale lithium-ion battery’s ability to increase grid performance & integrate wind generation 1 2
Large Distributed Energy Storage (2MW/500kWh unit – Q1 2014)
Evaluate containerized Li-ion battery systems in field trials
Distributed Energy Storage Integration (DESI) Pilot Program (2MW/4MWh – Q2 2015)
Deploy energy storage on the distribution system to solve a challenge or for economic benefit
Distribution Optimized Storage (DOS) (1MW/1MWh – 2016)
Evaluate aggregated energy storage units on the distribution system with optimized controller
Community Energy Storage (CES) (25kW/50kWh – Q3 2013)
Evaluate system ability to enhance circuit efficiency, resilience, and reliability
Residential Home Energy Storage Unit (RESU) (4kW/10kWh – Q3 2013)
Evaluate home storage integration with customer HAN, smart appliances, solar PV, PEV, etc.
Large Commercial PLS Program (100kW/500kWh – Q4 2014)
Evaluate Energy Storage for Large Commercial Customer Permanent Load Shifting
Irvine Smart Grid Demo 3 4
Irvine Smart Grid Demo 5 6 7

6. TSP
Southern California Edison

7. TSP System Specifications
Battery Storage System
Li-ion
32MWh usable
Manufactured by LG Chem.
Power Conversion System (PCS)
9MVA
12kV connected
Manufactured by ABB
Southern California Edison

8. TSP Layout 12kV/66kV transformer BESS Building PCS units
Southern California Edison

9. System Configuration How to get 32MWh from 60Wh battery cells x 56
Module
Rack
Section
System
Quantity
608,832
10,872
604 4 1
Voltage
3.7 V
52 V
930 V
Energy
60 Wh
3.2 kWh
58 kWh
8.7 MWh
32 MWh (AC)
Weight
380 g
40 kg
950 kg
N/A
Southern California Edison

10. System Validation Challenges
Large energy storage systems are modular
Comprised of AC and DC subsystems
Scaled by adding additional components in series/parallel
Multiple manufacturers
Requires complex integration
Increased likelihood of integration issues
Utilities need to assess safety and reliability prior to field deployment
Issues with testing large systems in the field
Grid/personnel safety
Geographic distance
Need to exchange significant power at will
Hardware/firmware/software problems can take many months to solve
Southern California Edison

11. System Validation Approach: Mini-System Lab Testing
Mini-System enables subscale testing in the lab before full-scale operation of the BESS at Monolith Substation
Mini-System
Full System
Footprint
144 ft2
6300 ft2 building
Power
60 kW
8 MW
Energy
232 kWh
32 MWh
Power Conversion System
Two Mini-Cabinet
Two 40-foot
containers
Sections 2 4
Banks 32
Racks
604
Modules 72
10,872
Cells
4,032
608,832
Mini-System for Sub-scale Testing
Southern California Edison

12. Mini System at SCE laboratory
Site Energy Controller
Battery Racks
Power Conversion System (PCS)
Southern California Edison

13. TSP Mini-System Testing Key Findings
Benefits
Discovered and resolved critical safety and operational aspects regarding the battery system and PCS
Minimum impact of safety and operational issues, quick to resolve
Several iterations of software/firmware upgrades required
Significant time and resources saved due to upgrades performed in the lab at subscale level versus full-scale at remote substation location
24/7 operation for more than 4 months prior to full system commissioning yielded feedback to implement many additional functional upgrades
System operation and features have been enhanced (optimized control algorithms)
Southern California Edison

14. Remaining Challenges/Gaps
Availability of truly grid-ready integrated systems
Storage component may be mature, integration into complete turn-key system has not reached full maturity
Capturing promised value streams in actual applications & building positive business cases
Siting, Siting, Siting
Land availability, system footprint
Demonstrating required reliability at the system level
Integrating with existing utility communication infrastructure & new Smart Grid technologies
Validating large systems prior to deployment
Availability of standard application definitions and test procedures
Southern California Edison