1. Transporting Molecules

2. CELL MEMBRANE (also called plasma membrane)
Cell membranes are made of ________________ & __________________
PHOSPHOLIPIDS PROTEINS

3. CELL MEMBRANE
Proteins that stick on the surface = _____________ (either inside or outside of cell)
Proteins that stick INTO membrane = ________________
(can go part way in or all the way through)

4. GLYCOPROTEINS
Recognize “self”
GLYCOPROTEINS are INTEGRAL PROTEINS

5. SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE (semi-permeable)

6. Diffusion

7. from “where there’s A LOT” to “where there’s NOT”
Animatioin from:
Molecules move
from “where there’s A LOT”
to “where there’s NOT”

8. DIFFUSION across a space
Happens anytime there is a __________ in concentration in one place compared to another
(________________________)

9. DIFFUSION across a space
Molecules move automatically from an area of _______ concentration to an area of ________ concentration
EX: _____________________
_____________________
Perfume, Koolaid, popcorn,
BBQ, Bad smell in room

10. Molecules need to move across membranes in cells
Image modiified from:

11. Diffusion can happen across a membrane in a cell
…as long as membrane will let molecule through

12. SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE

13. Gas exchange between lungs and blood
happens by DIFFUSION from HIGHER concentration to LOWER concentration
Image modified from:

14. What if cell needs to move large or polar molecules?
EX:
_______________

15. What if cell needs to move a molecule AGAINST the CONCENTRATION GRADIENT?
(LOW  HIGH)
Example :
_______________________
Image from:

16. What if cell needs to move molecules really FAST
What if cell needs to move molecules really FAST? (can’t wait for it to diffuse)
Example in cells:
Movement of ________________
ions sends nerve signals

17. 2 KINDS of TRANSPORT across cell membranes
Does NOT require energy
___________TRANSPORT
Requires energy

18. Kidspiration by: Riedell

19. Kinds of Passive Transport
__________________________________
___________________________________

20. DIFFUSION across a membrane
Happens anytime there is a __________ in concentration on one side of the membrane compared to the other
Molecules that move by
diffusion across membranes
in cells:
______________

21. OSMOSIS = SPECIAL KIND OF DIFFUSION MOVES WATER MOLECULES
Across a MEMBRANE
From HIGHER  LOWER

22. DIFFUSION or OSMOSIS HIGHER  LOWER
Can happen with or without a membrane
Molecules that do it: All molecules EXCEPT water
Goes until equilibrium Example in cells:
Oxygen & Carbon dioxide
OSMOSIS
Happens across a membrane Molecules that do it: Water
Goes until equilibrium Example in cells: Water

23. What if there is a difference in concentration but solute molecules can’t move across a membrane?
WATER will move
until concentration
reaches equilibrium

24.  Osmosis1

25. Kinds of Passive Transport
__________________________________
___________________________________
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Ion Channels

26. Facilitated Diffusion Carrier proteins help diffusion go faster

27. FACILITATED DIFFUSION
Passive = ____________________
Moves from ________________________
_____________________ bind molecule, change shape, and release it on other side of membrane
(Carrier proteins are _______________ proteins)
Molecules that move this way in cells:
_______________________

28. Facilitated Diffusion
Animation from:

29. Kinds of Passive Transport
__________________________________
___________________________________
Diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Ion Channels

30. ION CHANNEL

31. ION CHANNELS _____________transport (no energy required)
Molecules move from ___________________
Small passageways for _______ to get through membrane
Each ion has own kind of passageway
Examples in cells: Na+ , Cl- , Ca + + , K +

32. ION CHANNELS Some channels always open Some channels have “gates”
that open or close
in response to signals
SIGNALS:
stretching of cell membrane
electrical signals
chemicals
Animation from:

33. Kidspiration by: Riedell

34. Kinds of Active Transport
________________________________________
___________________________________
____________________________________

35. SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
___________ transport (requires energy from ______)
Special just for Na+ and K + ions
Uses integral ___________________ to move molecules
Examples in nerve cells: Na+ is pumped out of cells at same time K + is taken into cells

36. Na+ and K + PUMP
Animation from:

37. ENDOCYTOSIS Takes substances into cell
_____________transport (requires energy from ATP)
Uses small membrane sacs to carry substances
______________

38. 2 KINDS of ENDOCYTOSIS Takes substances into cell
If taking in:
fluid, molecules = ____________________
large particles or whole cells = __________________
Examples in cells:
one celled organisms eat this way
white blood cells get rid of bacteria this way

39. ENDOCYTOSIS
Animation from:

40. PHAGOCYTOSIS
White blood cell destroying germs

41. EXOCYTOSIS Substances released outside of cell
__________ transport (requires energy)
Substances move in____________
Examples in cells:
Golgi release packaged proteins

42. Exocytosis

43. GOLGI BODIES USE EXOCYTOSIS
Animation from:

44. Endocytosis & Exocytosis
Outline2.gif/TransportMedia/EndoExocytosisMovie.htm