1. Greek and Roman Mythology
A Review of
The Principal Gods and Goddesses
What is a myth?
A ______________ story rooted in primitive folk beliefs of ____________
Uses the _____________ to interpret natural events
Explains the culture’s view of the _____________________ and the nature of ____________________

2. In the beginning... …was ____________ (shapeless nothingness)‏
Chaos had two children:_________________ (darkness)‏ ___________________ (death)‏
“All was black, empty, ___________, endless.”
Mysteriously, ______________ was born of darkness and death.
When Love was born, order and ___________ began to flourish.Love created ____________ and __________. ____________ was created.
She was the solid ground, but also a personality.
The Earth bore __________________ to cover her and be a home for the gods.

3. The First Parents and Titans
Mother Earth = ______________ (Gaia)‏
Father Heaven = ____________ (Uranus)‏
They had three kinds of children:
____________ monsters with 100 hands and 50 heads
______________ cyclopes and The ______________
These were the first characters that had the appearance of life, although it was unlike any life known to man. There were many of them.
Enormous size, _____________ strength
______________ (Saturn): Ruler of the titans
______________: Wife of Cronos
Ocean: River that _________________ the world
Iapetus: _________________ of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)‏

4. The Principal Gods Cronos and Rhea were parents of Athena (Minerva)‏
Other Olympians include
Athena (Minerva)‏
Ares (Mars)‏
Hebe (Juventas)‏
Hephaestus (Vulcan)‏
Apollo (Apollo)‏
Artemis (Diana)‏
Hermes (Mercury)‏
Aphrodite (Venus)‏
Dionysus(Bacchus)‏
Persephone
Cronos and Rhea were parents of
______________ (Jupiter, Jove)‏
______________ (Neptune)‏
__________ (Pluto)‏
__________ (Juno)‏
_______________ (Vesta)‏
_______________ (Ceres)‏

5. ______________ Roman Name: Jupiter (also Jove)‏
Supreme god of the ____________, Mt. Olympus, ____________, and ______________
____________ many characters in mythology: Dionysus, Apollo, Artemis, Athena, Persephone, Ares, Hermes, Aphrodite (in some myths), Hercules, Perseus, and many more.

6. Zeus, cont.
Zeus is married to his sister, _______________. Their marriage is horrible—Zeus cheats on her with practically every female: goddess and human alike.
In fact, with a nod to symbolism, Zeus and Hera's only child is ___________: War: Their union could only have created something as despicable and unlovable as war.

7. Some famous stories where Zeus plays a staring role:
Zeus is powerful, but even he can't outsmart _________________. Get the message for us lowly mortals?
Some famous stories where Zeus plays a staring role:
Birth of ____________________: from out of the top of his head.
Father of __________________: He approves of Hades' actions
Bauchis and Philemon: rewards selfless ______________________
Pushes the Judgement of the beauty contest on Paris
Io, Europa, Danae, Semele, Alcmene, Leda, sister Demeter (among others) were all ________________ of Zeus' love

8. Zeus's weapon was the _________________
He valued the idea of ___________________, or hospitality for those in need
He, ______________________, punished oath breakers
His bird was the ________________ (which he used to punish poor Prometheus)‏
Hera
Roman Name: ______________
Zeus’s sister and wife
Jealous protector of _________________
Punished the __________________ Zeus fell in love with

9. __________ Roman Name: Neptune God of the ________ and ________
“The Earthshaker”
His weapon is the ____________
Fathered the ____________ Polyphemus
Thought of as a _______________ god by the Greeks
Punished Odysseus' ________________ for 10 years

10. __________ Roman Name: ____________
God of the __________________/ Dead
Not _________________ in Olympus
Kidnapped and married his _____________, Persephone
Thought of as __________________ god because of the precious metals and gems in the center of the earth and because he takes the precious resource of our loved ones away from us (__________________ comes from his name)‏

11. ________ Roman Name: Vesta
Virgin Goddess of ________________ and ______________: all things warm and wonderful about family life
She's one of the most ______________ dieties in everyday Greek life
No exciting stories about her ______________ antics
Powerful Protector

12. __________ Roman Name: Ceres Goddess of the ____________
A Goddess of the Earth
Mother of Persephone
When ___________ is taken away to underworld she suffers so much that she neglects her duties and no crops will grow on earth: ___________ and Winter
When she comes back up in Spring: all is right again.

13. ____________ Roman Name: Minerva
Virgin Goddess of ________________ and War
Sprang from Zeus’s head because he had ___________________ her mother for fear that she would give birth to a son who would ____________________ him.
Her symbol is her ____________________
She loves all things _________________ and Odysseus

14. _____________ Roman Name: Mars God of _________________
Only __________________ of Zeus and Hera
Bloodthirsty and ___________________
Nobody except __________________ can stand him (interpret symbolism here)‏
Only companions are ______________ and ___________________-- figure!

15. ____________ Roman Name: Vulcan (Mulciber)‏
God of ______________/_______________
Son of Hera ___________________
Only _____________________ god, read symbolism here: Woman's attempt at creation without a man: lame. Get it?
Kind, unlike his half-brother
Ironically, marries _________________ in some myths
Creator of Achille's famous _______________

16. __________ Roman Name: Apollo
God of ______________/______________ and ______________ (lyre is his instrument)‏
The Light thing is big, read symbolism, light, vision, knowledge, understanding, enlightenment. He was the boss of the _________________ at Delphi and elsewhere.
Brother of Artemis (________________)
“Blessed” ________________ (Paris' sister) with the “vision,” but when she wouldn't “play ball,” he added the curse that she wouldn't be _______________________.

17. ____________ Roman Name: Diana
Virgin Goddess of the _____________/ ______________
Sister to Apollo (Twins)‏
Patron Goddess for _______________ who were pursued by men they didn't desire—she usually helped them turn into trees or lakes or something
Held up the ________________ on their way to Troy over some _______________________

18. ____________ Roman Name: __________________
_______________ of the Gods (especially Zeus—news he doesn't want to deliver himself)‏
Appears in more myths than any other character
Famous for his ________________ sandals, _____________, and _______________
Helps Odysseus w/Circe, Jason w/Medusa, etc.
Also likes to make messes—analogy--the “Jack” of “Jack and Karen” from Will and Grace.

19. ___________ Roman Name: __________
Goddess of Passionate Love and _________
Sprang from the ocean foam, in some myths
Magic __________ that makes her irresistable
Won the Judgment of ____________: _________ Apple for the ______________
Trouble, ___________, __________, excitement, (read symbolism) follow her wherever she goes. She is the “Karen” of the “Jack and Karen” of Will and Grace.

20. _____________ Roman Name: _______________ God of ___________________
Patron god of the Greek _______________
A God of the Earth
Persephone
Roman Name: Proserpina
Goddess of the Underworld
Daughter of Zeus and Demeter
Abducted by Hades

21. Hebe Eros Roman Name: _____________ Goddess of _____________
Cupbearer to the Gods
Restored youth to the aged
Roman Name: _____________
Young God of Love
Son of ______________ and Hephaestus

22. Iris The Muses Goddess of the _______________
Messenger for Zeus and ________
Daughter of the _______________ Thaumus and the nymph Electra
The Muses
Goddesses who presided over the _______________ and sciences
“He is ___________ whom the muses love.”
_______________ daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
Inspired ________ of all kinds

23. The Erinnyes (The Furies)‏
The Graces
The Erinnyes (The Furies)‏
Three Goddesses of ____________ and Beauty
“They give life its bloom.”
Aglaia (Splendor)‏
Euphrosyne (Mirth)‏
Thalia (Good Cheer)‏
Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae ‏
Three Goddesses of _________________
Tisiphone (Avenger)‏
Alecto (Unresting)‏
Megaera (Jealous)‏
They punish
___________________

24. The Satyrs The Fates Gods of the woods and ____________
“Shepherd gods”
___________ men (like Pan)‏
Companions of Dionysus
They like to drink, dance, and chase nymphs.
Roman Name: Parcae
_____________ sisters
Clotho (“The Spinner”)‏
Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”)‏
Atropos (“The cutter”)‏
They _________________, measure, and __________ the thread of life for humans.

25. The Gorgons The Centaurs Half man, half ____________
____________ snake-haired monsters
_____________ is most well-known
Their look turns men to stone.
Half man, half ____________
____________ creatures (except Chiron)‏
Followers of _____________