2. Chapter Questions
Tom Peterson, Middlesex County College

3. Exploring the Research
McClain, L. (1983). Behavior during examinations: A comparison of “A”, “C”, and “F” students. Teaching of Psychology, 10 (2),
69–71.

4. The Research Question McClain (1983)
Do “A” students engage in different test-taking behaviors than “C” or “F” students?
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5. The Study McClain (1983) Test Behaviors: Reading all answers
60 undergraduate students selected based on prior exam performance
“A”
“C”
“F”
While taking test, their thoughts were recorded
Test Behaviors:
Reading all answers
Skipping difficult questions
Anticipating answer before reading options
Eliminating wrong answers

6. The Results! McClain (1983) “A” Students were more likely to:
Read all answer options
Skip difficult questions
Anticipate or guess answer before reading options
Eliminate wrong answers

7. A Closer Look at the Results McClain (1983)
Variables A C F
Answers read per question*
3.66 (.63)
1.82 (.51)
1.48 (.60)
Number of anticipated answers*
40.90 (9.54)
7.65 (4.84)
2.30 (3.50)
Critiques of incorrect answers per question*
1.93 (.25)
.20 (.19)
.07(.12)
Number of questions initially skipped*
5.40 (3.41)
1.25 (1.45)
.40 (.82)
*p<.001

8. Application McClain (1983)
Use these Strategies:
Cover up answers to focus on the question before looking at options
Skip difficult answers and find questions you know to build confidence
Cross out wrong options
Read all options before making a selection
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9. © Ivelin Radkov/shutterstock.com
Academic Integrity

10. Why Does Academic Integrity Matter?
Positive image of college
Increased opportunities for all students
Character and learning matter!
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11. Avoid Plagiarism by Citing Sources
Always cite someone else’s thoughts or ideas (paraphrasing)
Cite everything except your own ideas or general knowledge
When using exact words from someone else, use quotations too

12. Citing Sources
In-text citations
Works Cited or
Reference Page

13. Citation Examples

14. Paraphrasing Summarizing the ideas of another in your own words
Be sure to close the book before taking notes

15. Papers and Presentations
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Papers and Presentations

16. Identifying Topics

17. Identifying Sources of Information
See librarians for assistance
Peer reviewed journals, books, newspapers, Internet
Read original work whenever possible
Encyclopedias not typically considered appropriate for college level work

18. Evaluating Websites The CRAAP Test: Currency Relevance Authority
Accuracy
Purpose

19. Tom Peterson, Middlesex County College
THE WRITING PROCESS

20. The Flexible Writing Process

21. Organization Focus on outcome Map out a path
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22. Sleep on it before revising
Focus on the
BIG PICTURE
Read entire work before revising
Emphasize global factors such as purpose and organization

23. Proofreading Check for accuracy and errors
Shift from global to specifics
Confirm that you always cited sources
Seek tutoring or writing support if needed

24. Presentation Strategies
Tom Peterson, Middlesex County College
Presentation Strategies

25. Managing Performance Anxiety
PREPARATION

26. The Golden Rule Tell the audience what you will say Say it
Tell the audience what you said

27. Strong Beginnings Interesting statistics Stories
Audience involvement through questioning or activities
Humor
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28. Strong Endings Summarize key points
Focus audience back on your main points

29. Emphasizing Important Concepts
Say it’s important
Become more animated or change voice
Repeat the information
Dramatic pause
Spend time on topic
Several examples
Share stories
Use visual tools
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30. Active Learning Strategies
Brief Quiz
Poll the Audience
Pause for questions or comments
Self-reflection activity
Turn and Talk

31. Engaging Your Audience

32. Using multi-media effectively
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Using multi-media effectively

33. What makes a Power Point slide effective?
Turn and Talk
What makes a Power Point slide effective?

34. The Multi-Media Principle: Images are Powerful
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35. The Power of Smart Art

36. The Coherence Principle

37. The Signaling Principle

38. The Personalization Principle
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39. The Modality Principle

40. Practicing Your Presentation
Practice a lot!
In front of mirror, family, friends, etc.
Watch timing
Avoid filler words like “umm”
Ask audience for feedback
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41. Exploring the Research Issa et al. (2011)
Research Question: Does learning increase when Power Point slides are based on multi-media principles?
Tom Peterson, Middlesex County College

42. The Study Issa et al. (2011) Test Grade 130 Medical Students
Traditional Power Point
Power Point Based on Multi-Media Principles
Test Grade

43. The Results! Issa et al. (2011)

44. The So What Factor Issa et al. (2011)
Using Multi-Media Principles Increases Learning!
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45. © wavebreakmedia/shutterstock.com
Test Taking

46. © B Calkins/shutterstock.com
Multiple Choice tests

47. Multiple Choice Exams

48. Is Changing Your Answer a Good Idea?
Yes if you have a good reason for doing so!
Misread question
Discover a clue
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49. Short Answer and Essay exams
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Short Answer and Essay exams

50. The Short Answer and Essay Exam
Planning
Writing
Revising

51. Essay Writing Tips

52. Take home and online exams
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Take home and online exams

53. Take Home Exams Can be challenging and rigorous Higher expectations
Time consuming- plan ahead!
Can typically use resources like computer to create a polished product!

54. On-line Exams Professor decides on “settings” like time limits
Take advantage of practice opportunities if available to work out technology issues
Take it well before deadline so that if you encounter a problem, you’ll have time to address solutions
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55. © Robert Kneschke/Digital Vision/Getty Images
Group Projects

56. The 5R Approach to Group Work