1. Life Science Vertebrate and Invertebrate
Vascular and Nonvascular Plants
Inherited Traits

2. Vertebrates- Have a backbone
5 types of Vertebrates Mammals Birds Reptiles Fish Amphibians

3. Mammals
Have hair or fur , produce milk for their young, warm- blooded, breathe with lungs
Examples: Whales, bears, cats, dogs, and humans

4. Birds
Lay eggs, have wings, warm blooded, feather cover their skin, most fly, breathe with lungs

5. Reptiles
Cold blooded, scales or plates on their skin, lay eggs on land, have lungs for breathing air
Examples: snakes lizards, alligators, turtles, and crocodiles crocodiles.

6. Fish
Live in the water, Cold-blooded, breathe with gills, scaly skin, lay eggs
Examples: tuna, trout, carp, and catfish.

7. Amphibians
Cold-blooded, Spend part of their lives on land and part in the water, young amphibians live underwater with gills, and as adults they live on land and develop lungs, have smooth, moist skin, lay eggs.
Examples: frogs, toads, newts, and salamanders

8. Invertebrates- no backbone Some have hard shells to protect them, others do not. Ex: spiders, lobsters, grasshoppers, squid, crabs, & clams

9. Vascular Plants
They have tubes that carry water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.
They have veins
They are usually tall
Trees, grasses, and most garden plants are all vascular.

10. Vascular Plants

11. Seed-Producing Vascular Plants
Angiosperm
Angiosperms have flowers that produce seeds to attract pollinators and produce seeds
Gymnosperm
Gymnosperms have naked seeds in cones

12. Angiosperm

13. Gymnosperm

14. Nonvascular Plants Soak up/absorb water from the soil, like sponges.
They don’t have tubes
They don’t have stems
They don’t have true roots
They don’t have leaves, just leaf-like structures
They are smaller than vascular plants (They are low to the ground, so that most of the plant touches soil to absorb water.)

15. Nonvascular Plants

16. Inherited Traits & Learned Behavior
Genes passed from your parents to their offspring ½ from mother, ½ from father.
Dominate gene or recessive gene
Both physical features and behaviors are inherited.
Physical Ex: puppy inherits 4 legs
Behavior Ex: rolling of the tongue.
Learned Behavior
A skill that an animal develops after it is born.
Genes do not control learned behavior.
Humans and Animals learn from adults and experiences.

17. Inherited Traits
*Ability to roll your tongue or not * Attached or unattached earlobes * Dimples or freckles * Naturally curly or straight hair * Hitchhiker’s or straight thumb
*Color-blindness or normal color vision * Widow’s peak or straight hairline * Color of skin and hair * Cleft or smooth chin

19. Learned Behavior
A mother bear may show her cubs how to fish or find berries for food. A bird may teach its babies how to fly. A young horse may learn to stay away from an electric fence after the horse gets shocked. A pet can learn that food appears in its bowl after it hears the sound of a can opener or a bag rattle. Young chimpanzees learn from adults to use sticks as tools for getting food. You were born knowing how to use your voice, but you were not born knowing how to speak a language.

20. Examples of Learned Behaviors

22. Quiz Time Which of these animals is a vertebrate? Spider Snail Worm
Cat
Group A: Frog, Salamander, Newt
Group B: Turtle, Snake, Lizard
How are these animals classified?
As vertebrates & invertebrates
As mammals and reptiles
As amphibians and reptiles
As reptiles and fish

23. Some but not all invertebrates
Have backbones
Have shells
Have no backbone
Can make their own food
An animal has fur and feeds milk to its young. How should the animal be classified?
As an invertebrate
As an amphibian
As a mammal
As a reptile

24. Why do nonvascular plants grow close to the ground?
Which way do scientist classify plants? a. By whether they have a cell wall b. By how they get their energy c. By whether they have a nucleus d. By how they reproduce & their plant parts
Why do nonvascular plants grow close to the ground?
To get less sunlight
For protection
For space
To absorb water

25. Which of these is a learned behavior?
Which of these is an inherited trait?
A broken wing
Knowing where to find a bird’s feeder
A scar
The shape of a bird’s beak
Which of these is a learned behavior?
Having long eyelashes
Speaking Spanish
Laughing
Having blue eyes

26. Inherited traits are not passed on to offspring.
Which sentence is TRUE?
Inherited traits are not passed on to offspring.
Inherited traits are controlled by genes.
Behaviors are never inherited.
Behaviors are always inherited.
Where do organism’s genes come from?
Only from its mother
Only from its father
Mostly from its mother but partly from its father
Half from its mother and half from its father.