1. Demography and Developed Economies

2. Did industrialization mean progress?
How did industrialization increase wealth?
How did industrialization mean increased poverty?

6. Life Expectancy in England & Wales 1680-1840

7. What caused the industrial revolution?
What is the typical explanation?

8. What problems does this approach have?
What is the national accounts approach to understanding industrialization?
What problems does this approach have?

9. What factors encouraged population growth during the 1700s?
What is the relationship between population growth and industrialization?
What factors encouraged population growth during the 1700s?
What caused fertility to increase after 1740?

10. Population of England & Wales: 1500-1900

13. Was increased population a cause or an effect of industrialization?
What were Malthusian checks?

14. What sources do these approaches rely on?
What methods have been used to calculate population during the industrial revolution?
What sources do these approaches rely on?

15. What was the connection between enclosures and the formation of an industrial work force?
Why was a growing population necessary for Britain’s industrialization?
What sources and methods have historians used to calculate and explain population growth in Britain during the 1700s and 1800s?

16. Make sense of this graph addressing Fertility from 1680 to 1820

17. Assessing the impact of Industrialization
Economic
Creation of working class – proletariat
Enrichment of Bourgeoisie
Increased overall wealth
Increased disparity – social stratification
Social
Destruction of feudal relations
Longer life expectancy
Impact on health
Cultural
Eventual growth of middle class
Political
Growth of representative institutions, republics

18. How did industrialization influence the following?
The economy
Social relationships
Cultural development
Art, poetry, intellectual development
Political organization
Representative governments
Colonization and Empire

19. How do we develop an objective measure of the effects of industrialization?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of a statistical approach to industrialization?

20. What caused the industrial revolution?
Technology
Agricultural
Enclosures, crop rotation
Manufacturing
Spinning jenny, Crompton’s mule
Changing social relationships
Increased cheap labor force
Changing gender norms
formation of merchant capital

22. Sources and Methods for Gauging population growth
Parish records: baptisms
Census of 1870
Methods
Back projection
Family reconstitution