1. Ecology and Biome Review

2. Vocabulary

3. Characteristics that help and organism survive
Adaptations

4. Ecology
The study of how organisms interact with eachother and their environment

5. Organisms that eat both plants and animals
Omnivores

6. A region of the earth that is characterized by the climate and organisms that live there
Biome

7. A relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other
Mutualism

8. A diagram that shows a single pathway of energy flow
Food chain

9. Living factors in an environment
Biotic

10. Most species live in what part (layer) of the tropical rainforest
Canopy

11. Organisms that feed on dead animals
Scavengers

12. Most abundant producer in the ocean
Phytoplankton

13. Organisms that feed only on plants
Herbivores

14. Organisms that are able to breed and produce fertile offspring are called
Species

15. Fungi can live on the forest floor and recycle nutrients back into the soil from dead matter. This role they play in the forest ecosystem is called it’s __________
Niche

16. What is the source of energy for all the organisms in this Food Web?
The Sun

17. What type of consumer is E?
Omnivore

18. Producer?

19. What do the arrows represent?
Flow of Energy

20. What type of consumer is D?
Carnivore

21. Name the Biome!

22. Tropical Rain forest
Nutrient poor soil, wet

23. Taiga
Evergreens, Spruce, Pines

24. What Biome?
Savanna

25. Tundra

26. Taiga

27. What Biome?
Savanna

28. Freshwater and salt water ecosystems meet
ESTUARY

29. Tropical Rainforest

30. What Biome?
Savanna

31. Short legs to stay close to the ground and away protected from arctic winds
Tundra

32. Tundra

33. Yearly fires from heat storms
Grasslands

34. Cold Desert, permafrost
Tundra

35. Animals of this biome are mostly nocturnal (come out at night) or burrow into the ground to conserve water.
Desert

36. Most Biodiversity
Tropical Rain forest

37. Freshwater meets saltwater
Estuary

38. Wet and dry season
Grasslands

39. Hot day, cold night
Desert

40. Leaves change colors
Deciduous Forest

41. Taiga

42. Evergreens, Snow, Pine trees
Taiga, Coniferous forest

43. Lichen, moss, snowy owl
Tundra

44. Nutrient-poor soil, wet
Tropical Rain forest

45. Tide schedules fluctuate the salinity in this aquatic biome
Estuary

46. Which biome do the red arrows point to?

47. Which biome do the red arrows point to?
Taiga

48. Which biome is colored in the green?

49. Which biome is colored in the green?
TUNDRA
Which biome is colored in the green?

50. The arrows point to which biome?

51. Tropical Rain Forest
The arrows point to which biome?

52. Which Biome?

53. What Biome?
Tundra

54. TUNDRA
Tundra

55. WHAT BIOME?

56. SAVANNAH

57. Temperate Deciduous Forest

58. What biome would this organisms most likely be found?
Tropical
Rainforest

59. What organism does the sloth have a mutualistic relationship with?
Algae

60. A B C or D?

61. a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle
Name the omnivore
a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle

62. a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle
Name the omnivore
a. Mosquito b. grass carp c. frog d. turtle

63. 23. An energy pyramid containing autotrophs and other organisms from a food chain is represented below.
Carnivores would most likely be located in
level I, only
level I and level II
(C) level III, only
(D) level II and level III

64. (C) level III, only

65. 21. Many species of plants interact with harmless underground fungi
21. Many species of plants interact with harmless underground fungi. The fungi enable the plants to absorb certain essential minerals and the plants provide the fungi with carbohydrates and other nutrients. This describes an interaction between a
parasite and its host
scavenger and a decomposer
(C) predator and its prey
(D) producer and a consumer

66. (D) producer and a consumer

67. The greatest a mount of available energy is found at level
The diagram below represents a pyramid of energy that includes both producers and consumers.
The greatest a mount of available energy is found at level
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4

68. (A) 1

69. 30. When brown tree snakes were accidentally introduced onto the island of Guam, they had no natural predators . These snakes sought out and ate many of the eggs of insect-eating birds. What probably occurred following the introduction of the brown tree snakes?
The bird population increased.
(C) The bird population began to seek a new food source.
(B) The insect population increased.
(D) The insect population began to seek a new food source.

71. Which of the following statements about savannas is true?
a. During the wet season, they receive little rain.
b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
d. They are characterized by having 4 seasons. during the year.

72. a. During the wet season, they receive little rain.
b. Their inhabitants include large herbivores.
c. They are characterized by steep mountains.
d. They are characterized by having 4 seasons. during the year.

73. Which ocean organism is considered a producer?  
a. phytoplankton   b. zooplankton   c. small fish   d. whales  

74. Which population would directly increase if the population of owls decreased?
A. Mice
B. Rabbits
C. Frogs
D. Foxes

75. Which of the following best describes an energy pyramid?
A. Shows how energy is lost as you move up a food chain.
B. Shows the effects of losing a top predator in an ecosystem.
C. illustrates the many possible interactions among organisms in an ecosystem.
D. Shows the importance of decomposers in an ecosystem.

76. What type of consumer cannot be the primary consumer?

77. Carnivore

78. What type of diagram shows how energy is lost as you move up a food chain?

79. Energy Pyramid

80. ABCD

81. ____ are the main abiotic factors that determine the type of biome found in a region.
Rainfall and temperature
Shade and wildlife
Temperature and elevation
d. Soil color and acidity

82. ____ are the main abiotic factors that determine the type of biome found in a region.
Rainfall and temperature
Shade and wildlife
Temperature and elevation
d. Soil color and acidity

83. The most biologically diverse biome is the
swamp.
grassland.
tundra.
tropical rain forest.

84. The most biologically diverse biome is the
swamp.
grassland.
tundra.
tropical rain forest.

85. Which of the following describes the location of the tundra biome?
East coast of the U.S.
Just north of the United States
North of Canada
Central America

86. Which of the following describes the location of the tundra biome?
East coast of the U.S.
Just north of the United States
North of Canada
Central America

87. Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.
a. coniferous c. deciduous
b. permafrost d. abiotic

88. Leaves change colors on ____ trees in autumn.
a. coniferous c. deciduous
b. permafrost d. abiotic

89. Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in winter by
growing spines.
staying green year-round.
hibernating.
losing their leaves.

90. Deciduous trees are able to conserve water in winter by
growing spines.
staying green year-round.
hibernating.
losing their leaves.

91. ____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose their leaves in autumn.
Coniferous
Deciduous
Tropical
Abiotic

92. ____ trees produce seeds in cones and do NOT lose their leaves in autumn.
Coniferous
Deciduous
Tropical
Abiotic

93. The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually
nutrient rich and fertile.
swampy and rich
nutrient poor.
d. has permafrost

94. The topsoil in a tropical rain forest is usually
nutrient rich and fertile.
swampy and rich
nutrient poor.
d. has permafrost

95. A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees.
a. prairie c. pampas
b. savanna d. steppe

96. A ____ is a tropical grassland with scattered clumps of trees.
a. prairie c. pampas
b. savanna d. steppe

97. Salt and fresh water mix in
a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.
b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

98. Salt and fresh water mix in
a. an estuary. c. a coral reef.
b. the Sargasso Sea. d. the benthic zone.

99. In temperate deciduous forests,
a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to survive the cold winter.
b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor.
c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
d. All of the above

100. In temperate deciduous forests,
a. most trees lose their leaves in the fall to survive the cold winter.
b. the soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor.
c. many animals eat nuts, berries, and leaves.
d. All of the above

101. Tropical rain forests contain
a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above the forest floor.
b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.
c. many low-growing plants that do not require a lot of light.
d. All of the above

102. Tropical rain forests contain
a. many trees that form a tall, dense canopy above the forest floor.
b. vines that climb tall tree trunks for support.
c. many low-growing plants that do not require a lot of light.
d. All of the above

103. Which biome has the highest average yearly rainfall?
a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest
b. coniferous forest d. grassland

104. Which biome has the highest average yearly rainfall?
a. deciduous forest c. tropical rain forest
b. coniferous forest d. grassland

105. Tropical Rainforest: Sunlight Desert:: ___?____
Temperature
Water
Nutrients
Heat

109. Which biome has the lowest average yearly rainfall?
a. desert c. Taiga
b. savanna d. coniferous forest

110. Which biome has the lowest average yearly rainfall?
a. desert c. Taiga
b. savanna d. coniferous forest

111. Which of the following adaptations would LEAST likely help a plant survive in a hot, dry environment?
A) Open their stomata at night.
B) Grow long shallow roots.
C) Have needles instead of leaves.
D) Have thin large leaves on branches.

112. Fire is most important in maintaining what biome listed below?
A Grasslands
B Tundra
C Deciduous forests
D Deserts

113. Use the brief habitat description below to answer the next question.
This habitat has short summers and long winters. The ground is frozen much of the year. Summers are cool and windy.
Which adaptation would be the LEAST helpful to organisms living in this habitat?
A) Animals migrate to other habitats in the winter.
B) Animals will hibernate for most of the winter.
C) Plants often grow close to the ground.
D) Plants have many long and deep roots.

114. A farmer decides to place less nitrogen fertilizer on his corn fields
A farmer decides to place less nitrogen fertilizer on his corn fields. Which of the following consequences would LEAST likely to happen?
A) His corn plants would show decreased growth.
B) His nearby pond would show greater algae growth.
C) The number of weeds in the fields would decrease.
D) There would be a greater need for other essential elements.

115. A role an organism plays in it’s environment is called a ______

116. Niche

117. A group of the same species that occupy an area are called a ______

118. Population

119. The study of how organisms interact with one another and their environment is called _____.

120. Ecology

121. The area in which an organism lives is called it’s _______.

122. Habitat

123. Organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring are called __________.

124. Species

125. List three diagrams that show how energy flows throughout an ecosystem

126. Energy web, Food chain, and an energy pyramid

127. Which biome includes animals who have adapted to burrowing themselves underground to escape direct sunlight during the day and come out during the cold night to hunt for food?

128. Desert

129. What types of abiotic factors can influence water biomes?

130. Water flow speed, depth, distance from shore, temperature, salinity, etc.

131. What is the difference between a food web and a chain?

132. Food webs show many pathways of energy flow and chains show one pathway.

133. What is an adaptation of animals found in the grassland biome?

134. -Grazing in herds do decrease the probability of becoming prey -Speed to catch prey or to get away from predators -Camo -Hiding in tall grass -Etc.