1. Unit 3 Chapter 6
Adaptations

2. Grasses, Shrubs and low plants
Shallow roots
Fast reproduction / flowering cycle
1-3 meters below the surface the ground is completely frozen
growing season is very short, 1-2 months

3. Animals
They can sleep right though the cold months under a thick blanket of snow and not freeze.
They can move further south to warmer climates to avoid the cold.
Some animals have extra fur or fat to help hold in heat so they don’t freeze.
Hibernation (Bears)
Migration (Birds)
Insulating features

4. Animals Camouflage (snowshoe hare, ptarmigan, bear) Feet (ptarmigan)
Feet (snowshoe hare / polar bear)
Hides or protects them from their predators.
Feet enlarge in the fall for walking on snow
Snow shoe hare develop a covering of hair. Polar bear – bristles.

5. Trees – Conifers (Evergreens)
Needle-like leaves
Thick bark
Conical shape
Less surface area on the leaves means less transpiration (Winter all water is frozen).
The thicker the bark the less water that will escape.
Heavy snow during the winter will fall off reliving the pressure on the branches.

6. Trees – Deciduous
Shed their leaves when winter comes. (Birch, maple, aspen
Since the water is frozen during winter they shed their leaves so no water is lost via transpiration.

7. Grasses Shallow roots Small water requirement
Little rain falls, doesn’t seep far in the ground, roots near the surface will catch all the water.
Little water, they have little need for water, only once in a while. Also small in size, so they don’t need a lot of water. .

9. Introduction of a new species?
What could be the probable impact that:
the recent arrival of coyotes on the island of Newfoundland may have on the local ecosystem?
the introduction of snowshoe hare or even the moose to the island of Newfoundland?
the introduction of chinch bugs when it arrived through sods imported from mainland Canada?

10. Possible Effects ???
Elimination/disruption of their food sources/species.
Competition for food sources may cause decline or endanger other native species that eat same food source.
Diseases may be introduced causing decline or disruption.
May cause interruption of decline in economic activity related to lost/declining species.
Financial cost to subsequently control new species.