1. Knowledge Discovery in the Digital Age
LIBER:
Knowledge Discovery in the Digital Age
Turin, 29th November 2016
Susan Reilly Executive Director, LIBER
@skreilly

2. Let’s talk about knowledge discovery

3. What is Knowledge Discovery?
Ultimate goal is to extract high level knowledge from low level data
Allows analysis across disciplines
“Undiscovered public knowledge” (Swanson)
Identifies patterns in the data to produce new knowledge
It’s not a new thing, it’s just digital information makes it a whole lot more powerful and relevant!

4. Undiscovered Public Knowledge
Research into Raynaud’s disease
= symptom of disease is high blood viscosity
Research into fish oil
= thins the blood

5. Why now?
“the discovery by computer of new, previously unknown information, by automatically extracting and relating information from different (…)resources, to reveal otherwise hidden meanings” (Hearst, 1999)
ICT Availability
Computing Power
Data
16 trillion gigabytes of data by 2020 (236% growth)
Doubles every 2 years (Moores Law, 1965)
Over 80% EU citizens have internet access (Eurostat 2014)

6. A nice example of how TDM can replace or supplement a literature review is this hypothesis finder. An hypothesis is a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
Malhotra A, Younesi E, Gurulingappa H, Hofmann-Apitius M (2013) ‘HypothesisFinder:’ A Strategy for the Detection of Speculative Statements in Scientific Text. PLoS Comput Biol 9(7): e doi: /journal.pcbi

7. Automated Biography of a Nation

8. TDM is Fun!
Hedonometer

9. Economics & Competitiveness (Europe)
TDM potentially worth 5.3 billion euro a year to European research budget (2%)
Knock-on effect would be a minimum of 32.5 billion euro increase in GDP
US responsible for over half
the articles and patents on TDM
1100 US patents compared to 39
EU by 2013
Non-english speaking countries
falliing behind

10. http://www.flickr.com/photos/21042103@N03/3136430416/ Funny Kitten

11. Does copyright apply? We are not seeking free access!
We are not seeking to steal content.
We are seeking to convert content that we have legal access to into machine readable format so that our computers can ‘read’ the content and extract facts, data and ideas.
Strikes at the heart of what libraries do.

12. What we need
“A mandatory pan-European exception for text and data mining (and analogous activities), which cannot be overridden by contract, and is not limited to non-commercial activity.”
Photo: Howard Lake

13. Copyright in the Digital Single Market

14. Proposed exception for TDM
For text and data
Cannot be overridden by contract provisions
Only research organisations benefit
Public private partnership unclear
Allows use of “appropriate technical protection measures” (TPMs)
Best practice for TPMs to be agreed
at member state level

15. What can you do?
1. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY WAS NOT DESIGNED TO REGULATE THE FREE FLOW OF FACTS, DATA AND IDEAS, BUT HAS AS A KEY OBJECTIVE THE PROMOTION OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY

16. Thank You! Any questions? @skreilly www.the haguedeclaration.com