1. STANDARD PRECAUTIONS (Presented by : Dr GM Thamil, Ms Jisha MV, Mr P Vairamuthu, Mr Sathish Rangarajan, Dr Shiney George Thomas, Dr Tricia Jujula, Ms Rose Jenila)
Reviewed By-
Dr Vijay Agarwal
Dr Chander Mohan Bhagat
Dr Lallu Joseph

2. Definition
Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes

3. HAND HYGIENE Primary requirement
About 97% of infection will be prevented
Adherence to the WHO steps
Five moments of hand hygiene
Hand hygiene audit – WHO tool

4. 5 MOMENTS OF HAND HYGIENE

5. WHO HAND WASH - STEPS

6. WHO – HAND RUB

7. Hand hygiene observation tool

8. PPE Gloves – protect hands Gowns/aprons – protect skin and/or clothing
Masks and respirators– protect mouth/nose
Respirators – protect respiratory tract from airborne infectious agents
Goggles – protect eyes
Face shields – protect face, mouth, nose, and eyes

9. PPE AUDIT
Audit tool

10. RESPIRATORY HYGIENE AND COUGH ETIQUETTE
Education of Staff, Pt, Visitors.
Covering of mouth and nose while cough and sneezing
AFR – isolation and handhygiene

11. AUDIT TOOL
CONTACT PRECAUTIONS AUDIT TOOL

12. Needle/ sharps injury Train all the staff handling sharps Don’t recap
When necessary – use scoop technique
Dont transfer sharp instruments
Disposing of needles at source

13. Needle stick injury reporting form

14. Environmental cleaning
General removal of debris. Must precede disinfection and sterilization. Usually done with soap and water or detergent
DISINFECTION
Removes most of the microorganisms
STERILIZATION
Killing or removal of all organisms
HEAT:
Moist Heat:
Below 100 (Pasteurization)
Above 100 (Boiling, Steaming) - Used for disinfection of surgical and medical equipments in emergency.
Radiation (UV Rays) - Used to reduce the number of bacteria in air inside operation rooms, laboratory safety cabinet
Disinfection by chemical disinfectants
Disinfectants may be:
High level disinfectants.
Intermediate level disinfectants.
Low level disinfectants.

15. Waste disposal

16. Linen Change linen whenever soiled/ after Pt discharge
Minimize contact with soiled linen.
Using PPE while handling linen.
Separate trolley for transportation

17. Waste disposal
95% General waste – 5 % BMW

18. Patient care equipment

19. Patient Safety tool