1. Interest Approach
World hunger is a big concern in today’s global society. What could American agriculture do to help alleviate and reach an end to world hunger?

2. Sustainability and Conservation
EN13.01 – Discuss the importance of sustainability and conservation in relation to humans.

3. Sustainable Living Sustaining Life Sustainable Resource Use
The process of meeting the needs of living things.
Includes providing food, water, and shelter called sustenance.
Sustainable Resource Use
The use of resources so they last a long time
Sustainable Development
The use of development practices that benefit people without damaging the environment
Sustainable Agriculture
The use of agricultural practices that assure the future production of crops and livestock.

4. Sustainable Living Conservation Quality of Life
The wise use of natural resources
Quality of Life
The degree of satisfaction people derive from their environment.

5. Design for the Environment
Dfe is the concept of including environmental considerations in manufacturing and construction
Both design and redesign of products and systems are included
Business leaders are encouraged to consider the environment when making decisions about:
Product design – possible environmental impact
Materials – use environmentally friendly materials
Purchases – buy materials either recycle or recyclable, and produced with minimum environmental impact.

6. Life Needs
Food
Material consumed and needed to carry out life processes
Nutrient is a substance needed for an organism to live and grow
Examples
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fats
Minerals
Vitamins

7. Life Needs Water Air Essential for all of life’s processes
Humans need about 2 quarts per day
Air
All living things need some part of air to survive. Animals need oxygen and plants need carbon dioxide
Respiration is the process an organism uses to provide its cell with oxygen so energy can be released from digested foods
Plants provide oxygen for animals, and animals provide carbon dioxide for plants, creating an interdependent relationship.

8. Life Needs Space Shelter and Protection
All living organisms need and occupy space
Space is the area around an organism that is used for living
Territory is the area an animal used or protects as its own.
Shelter and Protection
Organisms need protection from certain elements in the environment that can injure or destroy them
Adapt, hibernate, and/or migrate
Plants generally only grow in an environment that is suited to them.

9. Roles of Humans Three roles Users Decision-makers Conservationists
Humans use the resource to support life functions
Decision-makers
Humans decide which resources are used, and how they are used.
Conservationists
Humans can prevent waste. Humans should not be an abuser of the environment.

10. Environment as HOME
Every living organism requires an environment that sustains life
Ecosystem
A natural environment has many ecosystems, which are all the components of a particular environment
Habitat
Physical area where a plant or animal lives under natural conditions
Proper arrangement of food, water, shelter, and space.

11. Environment as HOME Energy Transfer Ecosystems need energy to exist
Energy is the ability to be active and do work
An ecosystem has a complex process for transferring energy that originates from the sun to organisms, specifically from one organism to another.
Food Chain is the ranking of species into successive levels where each feeds on the one below
Food Web is all the interconnected food chains of an ecosystem

12. Conservation vs Preservation
Natural resource conservation is the wise use of a natural resource, preventing unnecessary damage or loss
A conservationist is a person who feels that natural resources should be used in ways that assure their continuing availability on a long-term basis
Preservation
Natural resource preservation is the nonuse of a natural resource
Preservationist is a person who believes in preservation or protection of resources
Some preservationists believe that trees should not be harvested for human use, but be used solely for their beauty and environmental benefits.

13. Conservation vs Preservation
Controversy
Differing views of conservation vs preservation
An environmental issue is a concern about the environment that may be viewed from different perspectives
Apathy
Environmental apathy is when people are not interested in the environment
It is found in people who are removed, or not involved, in an issue.

14. Human Effects on the Environment
Positive and negative effects
Positive learned from past negative effects
Symbiotic Relationships
When different species of organisms live together and benefit each other

15. Survival
Conservationists know resources must be used for our survival and wise use is important.
One recognized problem is that many humans give little thought to the resources they use each day, including where the resources came from, and where it ends up.

16. Planning Ahead Humans must plan to preserve and protect our resources.
Human Impact
Humans affect ALL natural resources
Aesthetic benefits, which is the feeling of well-being received from something of beauty in our environment
Plants not only have aesthetic value, but keep hot areas cooler and provide shelter from wind as well.

17. Planning Chemicals are not always bad Fertilizer
Chemical compound used to provide nutrients for plant growth
Problems come from overuse or misuse
Example: DDT
chemical did not break down, and therefore, it accumulated in the food chains and food webs.

18. Planning Maintaining Habitats
Habitat destruction is major human affect on the environment
Wildlife have been the most affected.
Some species can adapt to changes in their habitat
House wren building a nest in the corner of a house.

19. Planning Abuse of Resources Abuse leads to depletion
Settling of the US
Resources were viewed as unlimited. Abused or overused and problems resulted
Dust Bowl is an example of land abuse
Crops could not grow and the unprotected soil was eroded by the wind.

20. Planning Conservation Measures Put in place
Must be proven for conservation of the resource, as well as for economic and productive purposes as well
Example
Flow restrictor on a showerhead, which saves money as well as conserves water.

21. Developing Personal Beliefs
Influenced by
Age
Gender
Culture
Education
Other factors
Studying the environment and resource use helps people make intelligent choices.

22. Developing Personal Beliefs
Media publicizes environmental issues.
Can be confusing due to no clear-cut information to make an informed decision
Example: Rainforest
Misrepresented by the media
Compromising is needed and achieved by conservationists and preservationists.
Be properly and thoroughly informed from various sources to develop good personal beliefs about the environment.

23. Population Growth
EN13.02 – Interpret human population growth and the demands it places on the environment and natural resources.

24. Growing Today for Tomorrow!

25. Population Number of people in a location
World population is “exploding”
More people being born; living longer through better health care and wanting more things.
INCREASE IN DEMAND FOR LIFE’S NECESSITIES
2003 Population is about 6.2 billion people
US Population = 284 million people
Southern and Western states are growing faster
NC (2000) population is 8,050,000, 11th in the nation.

26. Population Change Two factors Demography Natural change Migration
People born and die
Birth rate is average number of births per 1000 people per year. Also called fertility rate
Death rate or mortality rate is the average number of deaths per 1000 people per year.
As death rate has declined, life expectancy has increased.
Migration
When people move from one area to another.
Demography
Science of human population
Age, gender, income, race, and education = demographics

27. World Birth and Death Rates
Estimated 2011Average life expectancy at birth is approximately 67 years. Sources: Population Reference Bureau & The World Factbook (Central Intelligence Agency)   
Birth Rate
Death Rate
• 19 births/1,000 population
• 8 deaths/1,000 population
• million births per year
• 55.3 million people die each year
• 360,000 births per day
• 151,600 people die each day
• 15,000 births each hour
• 6,316 people die each hour
• 250 births each minute
• 105 people die each minute
• Four births each second of every day
• Nearly two people die each second

28. Population Growth Effort to reduce the rate of population increase
Zero population growth is the result of the birth rate equal to the death rate
As education increases, fertility rates decline.
Extending educational opportunities to all the world’s children can clearly reap vast rewards in lower population growth—which in turn brings greater stability, prosperity, and environmental sustainability.

29. Human Population Demands
Use of renewable natural resources
Plants and animals used as sources of food, clothing, and shelter require these resources
Water, soil, air, wildlife, and forests
Use of nonrenewable natural resources
Cannot be replaced
Examples are fossil fuels and minerals

30. Human Population Demands
Sustainable Resource Use
Use so they last a long time
Laws protect wetlands
Important in sustaining ground water supplies and some species of wildlife
Considers future impact.

31. Human Population Demands
Population and the Environment
Environmental damage areas, such as waste disposal
Waste disposal
Problem area
Unused materials or discarded particles
Household waste is waste originating from the home
Sewage is liquid waste containing water with solid materials
USA – average person creates 4.4lbs of trash and 100 gallons of wastewater per day.
Improperly disposed waste causes problems such as contamination.

32. Humans and Waste

33. Human Population Demands
Global landscape alteration
Act of changing the natural environment, shape, or topography of the earth’s surface to get and use resources.
Soil degradation is the reduction in soil fertility by altering or carelessly using soil.

34. Human Population Demands
Atmospheric change
Actions of people create air pollution
Greenhouse effect
Warming of the earth’s surface
Caused by the CO2 in the air from burning fossil fuels trapping radiation near the earth.
Ozone layer
Layer of O3 (triatomic oxygen) in the air that prevents harmful radiation from reaching the earth.
Layer is developing holes
Damage is attributed to CFC’s that are used in aerosols and air conditioners

35. Overpopulation Leads to depletion of resources, hunger, and conflict
Resource depletion
Act of using resources faster than they can be restored or preserved
Desertification – once productive land forms into desert.
Happens to about 15 million acres per year worldwide.
Hunter – acute shortage of food
Malnourishment – lack of proper nutrients
Undernourishment – lack of calories for energy
Endangerment – any activity that threatens a species with extinction.