1. First aid for blood loss and wounds
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2. Introduction
This is a free first aid powerpoint provided by
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3. The circulatory system
The heart is responsible for pumping blood around the body
Blood travels in arteries, veins and capillaries
Blood transports Oxygen and nutrients around the body and helps remove waste products
An average adult has around 10 pints of blood
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4. Wound terminology Laceration: Tearing of the skin & tissue
Contusion: A bruise
Abrasion: Graze - loss of superficial layer of skin
Incision: A straight clean wound
Puncture: Caused by a sharp object
Object may still be in the wound (foreign / embedded object)
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5. First aid for major blood loss
Expose injury and elevate above level of heart
If there are no foreign objects, apply firm direct pressure over the wound
If there is an object, apply pressure around the foreign object
Call for emergency help
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6. What not to do
Do not apply a tourniquet unless specifically trained to do so
Do not attempt to wash out a major wound – your aim is to control the bleeding
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7. Shock (1)
Shock is a medical emergency which can be caused by severe blood loss
The casualty does not receive enough oxygen due to the loss of blood
Signs & symptoms include:
Pale clammy skin
Drowsiness
Thirst
Confusion
Nausea & vomiting
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8. Shock (2)
If you suspect a casualty is suffering from shock then you should:
Lie them down and raise their legs
This improves the blood flow to the vital organs
Cover them with a blanket
Call for emergency help if you haven’t already done so.
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9. Infection control Try and keep the wound as clean as possible
Try to avoid contact with the casualty’s blood
Wear disposable latex / nitrile gloves if available
If not, use any available items to create a barrier (e.g: a plastic bag)
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water afterwards
Seek medical advice if you are concerned
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10. First aid for minor wounds
Wear gloves if available
Clean the wound thoroughly with antiseptic wipes or saline
Do not remove any embedded objects (e.g: glass) – seek medical advice
Cover the wound using a clean dressing (plaster, non-adherent pad etc.)
Seek medical advice if there are any signs of infection – redness, swelling or the area is warm to the touch
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