1. Structure & Properties of Water

2. STRUCTURE OF WATER
UNIVERSAL SOLVENT
DENSITY
COHESION
POLAR MOLECULE
SPECIFIC HEAT
ADHESION
CAPILLARY ACTION
SURFACE TENSION
BUOYANCY

3. O STRUCTURE OF WATER 1 molecule of water isH H O
1 molecule of water is
made up of 2 hydrogen atoms
bonded with 1 oxygen atom

4. The bond that forms water
STRUCTURE OF WATER H H O
The bond that forms water
is a covalent bond

5. CHEMICAL FORMULA
H2O = RIGHT
H2O = WRONG
2HO = WRONG

6. O H
1 molecule of water

7. A LOT OF MOLECULES OF WATERH O H O H O H O H O H O H O H O H
A LOT OF MOLECULES
OF WATER O H O H O H O H O H O H O H O H O H

8. Millions of molecules of water make up 1 raindrop

9. POLAR MOLECULE _ + A molecule that has electrically charged areas.
Also called a polar substance or polar compound. _ +
DURACELL

10. NON-POLAR SUBSTANCES Non-polar substances do not have charged ends
DURACELL

11. + + O H -

12. POLAR MOLECULE
The positive hydrogen ends of 1 molecule are attracted to the negative end of the oxygen of another molecule. O H O H

13. POLAR MOLECULE THE PROPERTIES OF:
Cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, universal solvent, capillary action, surface tension
ALL HAPPEN BECAUSE WATER IS A POLAR SUBSTANCE!

14. CAPILLARY ACTION

15. CAPILLARY ACTION
The combined force of attraction among water molecules and with the molecules of the surrounding material.
Cohesion (water is attracted to water.) + Adhesion (Water is attracted to other substances.)

16. SURFACE TENSION

17. SURFACE TENSION

18. SURFACE TENSION

19. SURFACE TENSION
The tightness across the surface of water that is caused by the polar molecules pulling on one another.
Makes the surface act like a solid

20. UNIVERSAL SOLVENT

21. UNIVERSAL SOLVENT This is a nickname given to water.
Water dissolves LOTS of things.
Remember:
SOLVENT = the thing doing the dissolving
SOLUTE = the thing that dissolves away
Other polar molecules can be dissolved by water.

22. NON-POLAR SUBSTANCES Non-polar substances DO NOT dissolve in water.
Can you think of some examples of non- polar substances?
DURACELL

23. Universal Solvent Why is water so good at dissolving things?
Because water is a polar molecule and is shaped like a wedge, it is able to break up substances into smaller pieces (dissolve).

24. COHESION
Because water is a polar molecule, it is attracted to itself.
Cohesion – is the attractive force between water molecules. O H O H

25. COHESION Water molecules like to stick to each other.
Rubbing alcohol doesn’t like to stick to itself as much as water.

26. ADHESION
Because water is a polar molecule, it is attracted to other substances.
Adhesion – occurs when molecules of water are attracted to other substances.

27. Adhesion is going on between the windshield and the water droplet.

28. ADHESION

29. Water molecules like to stick to each other.
COHESION
Water molecules like to stick to each other.
ADHESION
Water molecules like to stick to other things.

30. SPECIFIC HEAT
Specific Heat = the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of something 1 degree C.
Water has a really HIGH specific heat
That means it takes a lot of energy for water to increase its temperature.
This is because of the STRONG ATTRACTION between water molecules.
It’s POLAR!

31. SPECIFIC HEAT
WATER = 75°F
BEACH = 200°F

32. SPECIFIC HEAT
METAL = 500
CLOTH = 1340