1. Handling and Restraint
Vet Science
Ms. Bly
Expectations:
STAY FOCUSED
Be an active learner
Follow directions the first time
Complete tasks on time
TRY YOUR BEST
Do your own work
Do quality work
When things get hard, don’t give up, ask questions
ACT SAFELY
Walk in the classroom and hallways
Keep your hands and objects to yourself
Put things away where they belong
RESPECT
Do not keep others from learning
Use kind words and actions
Ask before you borrow

2. Behavior Dogs Cats Submissive Playful Dominant
Fearful Aggressive versus Dominant Aggressive
Approaching a Dog
Scared/ Nervous
Playful/ Friendly
Aggressive
Dog
Submissive: ask students if they remember how submissive dogs act
low tail, face licking, rolling over, averted gaze, crouching, urination
Playful:
“play bow”, tail up, yapping, whines, wagging tail
Dominant:
Erect tail, stiff/rigid body, direct eye contact
Fearful vs. Dominant: which one is more likely to bite?
Fearful dogs are more likely to bite, generally so nervous/scared that they feel the need to bite or be aggressive to get away
Steps for approaching a dog:
Use dogs name, talk in a smooth, calm voice
Back of the hand to sniff. Why?
Reach under chin, Not overhead Why?

3. Types of Restraint Mechanical Physical Standing Restraint
Collars and Leashes
Muzzles
Head Snare (Catch Pole)
Cat Bag
Halters
Squeeze Chute
Stanchions
Hog Snare
Standing Restraint
Lateral Recumbency
Sternal Recumbency
Today we will be covering all of these except for the bottom four of mechanical restraint. That will be next class when we discuss livestock.
Do some of these terms seem familiar?
Tips for restraint, may want to write these down!
Physical restraint is the greatest tool, Why?
We can decide how much pressure to apply
The more an animal struggles the more pressure we apply, when they relax when can release the pressure
Communication
If you feel like you need help or can no longer hang on, speak up so someone can assist you
Worse case scenario: animal gets loose, someone gets injured, animal gets injured
When working with a partner be sure to communicate effectively, tell my story about getting clawed.

4. Standing Restraint Wrap one arm around the dog’s neck to control head
Wrap the other arm under the dog’s abdomen
Pull dog close to your body
Fairly common form of restraint
How would this be different with a larger dog?

5. Uses for Standing Restraint
Physical Exam
Subcutaneous Injections
Intramuscular Injections
Temperature, Pulse, Respiration (TPR)
Expressing Anal Glands
Demonstrate the restraint technique

6. Lateral Recumbency Dog Reach over dog Grasp limbs closest to you
Gently lower to the table
Thumb and forefinger between limbs
Tips/ Tricks:
Keep legs between thumb and forefinger, in other words, thumb, leg, index finger, leg, middle finger
If using this method, it may help to lift the forelimbs off the table slightly to prevent the dog from wanting to stand up
Also, you can hold the legs closer to the table, Why these and not the other legs?
The legs closer to the table provide the handler more leverage to control the dog

7. Lateral Recumbency Cat “Cat Stretch” Scruff with one hand
Lift enough to grasp hind legs
Place thumb and forefinger between limbs
Stretch cat using your forearm as a brace

8. Uses for Lateral Recumbency
Femoral Venipuncture (cats)
Lateral Saphenous Venipuncture (dogs)
Ultrasound
Biopsy
Various clinical procedures
Demonstrate lateral for a dog and cat
dog first, include how to hold for lateral saphenous venipuncture
Below the knee, above the hock
Cat, femoral vein: scoop and apply pressure

9. Sternal Recumbency Dog One arm around the neck
One arm over the back, grasp the forelimbs
Use body to push on the dogs back to encourage dog to lie down

10. Sternal Recumbency Cat Grasp head in one hand
Use other hand to grasp the front legs and extend them downward off the edge of the table
Use your arm and elbow to restrain the cats body against your body

11. Uses for Sternal Recumbency
Jugular Venipuncture (Cats and Dogs)
Cephalic Venipuncture (Dogs)
Tubing-Trachea
IV Catheter (Cephalic vein for cats and dogs)
Demonstrate dog and cat
dog first, cephalic first
jugular
cat, jugular
cephalic is a possibility, same as dog

12. Muzzles Types Purpose: to keep an animal from biting
Commercial
Basket
Gauze
Purpose: to keep an animal from biting
Proper fit is key!
How to apply a gauze muzzle:
Adequate length
Must be able to wrap around muzzle at least twice, then tie behind the ears
Make a large loop, 3X diameter of the dogs muzzle
Approach the dog from behind
Place the loop around the dogs muzzle, then quickly tighten loop
Cross under the chin
Then tie behind the ears
What type of loop and why?
Reefer or quick release
Why not square knot?
Would have to cut with badge scissors, could be dangerous
Time for practice!!!
Have groups practice all 10 restraint methods from the packet

13. Catch Pole (Head Snare)
Safety for handler
Used to coax an animal
Handler should follow the animal, not pull the animal
Can also be used for wildlife
Nets for cats
When using for wildlife, such as raccoons loop the head and one front leg

14. Cat Bag Types Safety for handler and the animal
Nylon
Mesh
Safety for handler and the animal
Many have zippers to expose limbs for procedures

15. Livestock Bovine Equine Porcine Caprine Ovine Llama/ Alpaca
Types of livestock species that can be seen at a clinic
Identify each

16. Halters Purpose Can be used for many species To lead or tie up animals
Horses
Cattle
Goats
Sheep
Alpaca/ Llama
Various types
Rope
Nylon
Show—includes shank with the lead rope

17. Squeeze Chute Purpose Uses Types
To restrain cattle, while maintaining access to head, feet, and rear.
Uses
Vaccinations
Branding
Types
Hydraulic
Manual
A cattle crush (in UK, New Zealand, Ireland and Australia), squeeze chute (North America), standing stock, or simply stock (North America, Ireland) is a strongly built stall or cage for holding cattle, horses, or other livestock safely while they are examined, marked, or given veterinary treatment.

18. Stanchion Purpose To hold a livestock animal
Vary depending on type of animal
Various types
Cattle
Horse
Sheep
Goat
Commonly seen on a dairy for cattle, keeps them in the bunk to eat feed and not waste food.
Horses—dentistry, or other clinical procedures
Sheep– sheering, deworming, etc.
Goats– milking, deworming, trimming hooves

19. Hog Snare Purpose Looped on top jaw To control swine
Effective because the pig will lean against the snare keeping it tight.
CAUTION!! Always wear ear protection when working with swine. Why? Pigs vocalize at high decibels which are damaging to the ear.

20. Hobbles
Purpose
To limit mobility
When using hobbles ensure that the legs are square to the body

21. Humane Twitch
Purpose
To distract horse from mild procedures by applying pressure to the end of the nose
The upper lip is brought through the bowed portion and then the instrument is closed to apply pressure.
Only effective for minutes!