1. Objective: To analyze the causes of World War I.
Do Now: What are some holidays where people celebrate pride in their national heritage?

2. M A N I Causes of World War I - MANIA
ilitarism – policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war
lliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another
ationalism – pride in or devotion to one’s country
mperialism – when one country takes over another country economically and politically
ssassination – murder of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

3. Causes of World War I - Militarism
Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, France, Britain, Russia) in millions of £s (British pounds)
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1914 94
130
154
268
289
398
Increase in Defense Expenditures
France
10%
Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%

4. Causes of World War I - Alliances
Triple Entente:
Triple Alliance:
Great Britain
Germany
Austria-Hungary
France
Tension
Italy
Russia

5. Causes of World War I - Nationalism
Pan-Germanism  - movement to unify the people of all German speaking countries
Germanic Countries
Austria *
Belgium
Denmark
Iceland
Germany *
Liechtenstein *
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Sweden
Switzerland *
United Kingdom
* = German speaking country

6. Causes of World War I - Nationalism
Pan-Slavism  - movement to unify all of the Slavic people

7. Causes of World War I - Imperialism European conquest of Africa

8. Causes of World War I - Imperialism
Ottoman Empire, circa 1600

9. Causes of World War I - Imperialism

10. Causes of World War I - Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Duchess Sophie Sarajevo, Bosnia - June 28th, 1914.

11. Causes of World War I - Assassination

12. Causes of World War I - Assassination
Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was killed in Bosnia by a Serbian nationalist who believed that Bosnia should belong to Serbia.

13. Causes of World War I - Assassination
Gavrilo Princip after his assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

14. The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s death and declared war on Serbia.
Germany pledged their support for Austria -Hungary. · example of Pan-German nationalism
Russia pledged their support for Serbia. · example of Pan-Slavic nationalism

15. The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Germany declares war on Russia.
France pledges their support for Russia.
Germany declares war on France.
Germany invades Belgium on the way to France.
Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany.

16. Causes of World War I (2:17)
Allied Powers:
Central Powers:
Germany
Great Britain
World War I
France
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Russia
Italy
Causes of World War I (2:17)

17. Objective: To examine the causes of America’s involvement in World War I.

18. American Neutrality
· Officially, the U.S. was a neutral country.
· However, we traded food, weapons, oil, steel, and other goods far more with the Allied Powers than with the Central Powers.

19. Freedom of the Seas
· The U.S., as a neutral nation, claimed the right to trade with either side in the war.
· However, Britain and Germany set up blockades around the British and German coasts.

20. · German submarines, called U-boats, torpedoed enemy ships and neutral ships trading with the enemy.
The crew of a German UC-1 class submarine on deck. Introduced in 1915, the submarines of this class were employed mainly on mine-laying duties and carried up to twelve mines. German submarines sank 1,845,000 tons of Allied and neutral shipping between February and April 1917.

21. HMS LEGION moves alongside the damaged and listing HMS ARK ROYAL in order to take off survivors. The aircraft carrier was torpedoed by the German U-boat U 81 off Gibraltar. HMS ARK ROYAL sank the following day, November 13, 1941 (Note: “HMS” stands for “His/Her Majesty’s Ship” as part of the British navy.)

24. 1915 painting depicting the sinking of the Lusitania by a German U-Boat
· In 1915, a German submarine torpedoed the Lusitania, a British passenger ship, killing approximately 1,200 people, including 128 Americans.

25. · Americans were infuriated with the destruction of the Lusitania.