1. Anti-Immigration and the Scopes Trial
Ch 11 S 3

2. Traditionalism vs. Modernism
More open to change
Greater focus on consumer goods
Emphasis on science
Secular values
Education: Key to success
Tradition
Religion (fundamentalism)
Valued hard work, not stuff
Education: Only the basics
Now urban vs. rural
Fundamentalism
Protestant
Bible=truth
Anti-Evolution
Anti-Communism
Retreats
Speakers
Billy Sunday
Rural
Urban

3. The Scopes Trial Clash of modernism and fundamentalism
Issue: Teaching Darwin’s theory of Evolution in schools
1925 TN outlawed it
American Civil Liberties Union convinced John Scopes to teach it anyway
Scopes arrested
“Monkey Trial”
Defense Attorney: Clarence Darrow
Prosecuting Attorney: William Jennings Bryan
Science/logic vs. literal interpretation of the Bible
Scopes found guilty and fined $100
Debate still today

4. Critical Thinking Activity
Read the arguments provided by the Prosecution and Defense of the Scopes Trial, 1925 and the Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution p. 337
Answer the following questions
How does Bryan’s view of science differ from that of Malone?
What does each man feel should happen when science clashes with religion?
What do you think? Should we teach evolution?
Give 3 reasons to support your argument.

5. Nativism and Anti-Immigration
Immigration boom
Nativists: white Americans
WASP culture
Wanted to keep the US “pure”
Anti-Chinese, Southern & Eastern Europe, Mexican, and African American
Literacy Tests for immigration
Fueled by the Red Scare
Pushed immigration quotas

6. Quota Laws Emergency Quota Act of 1921 National Origins Act of 1924
Established a quota system
National Origins Act of 1924
Based on nationality and 1890 Census
Could not exceed the 1890 Census by more than 2%
Greatly limiting those not-liked by Nativists
Didn’t apply to Mexico
Open immigration
Farming jobs
But discrimination remained

7. The New KKK Stone Mt., GA, 1915 Revival
Targets: Jews, Catholics, immigrants, and blacks
Part of the Nativist Movement
Secret society
4-5 million members
Still mostly in the South
Headquarters: IN, David Stephenson
Controlled many politicians
Terror tactics
Burning homes and crosses, lynching, boycotting businesses
Hate group
Corrupt against its own members
Meet with some opposition