1. Lab #1 Due Friday September 2nd Beginning of Class
You MUST get a lab packet in class Wednesday or from Matt or Bill before it’s due, unless you have the book.

2. Tips for labs Don’t wait until the last minute
Look over problems before Wednesdays and come to class with questions.
Come to office hours for help!
Work with other students, but do your own work!
Show all of your work!

3. Covers Lectures 1 - 3
Topics Covered:
Geography
Unit Conversion
Isoplething
Gradients
Radiation in more detail
-Stefan-Boltzmann Law
-Wien’s Law
-Incoming/Outgoing Radiation Budget

4. Problem #1 (Chapter 1, page 33)
1a. Using any United States map match state names to the corresponding numbers
1b. Name state(s) where the following geographic features are located (use the internet).
Example: Mojave Desert
California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah

5. Problem #4 (Chapter 1, Page 36)
Use conversions on this page to convert absolute zero to °C and °F.
Absolute zero = what in K?
Convert absolute zero to °C first
Then Convert °C to °F
Don’t forget units in final answers!

6. Problem #7 (Chapter 1, page 38)
Look at Problem 8 for examples of incorrect isopleths and reference page 17, figure 1.11 for tips on isoplething (included as part of lab).
7a. Draw the 30, 40, 50, and 60 isopleths.
7b. Again, isopleth using multiples of 10. Some isopleths will close in on themselves (looks like a mis-shaped circle or oval). Page 21, figure 1.16c has example of an isopleth that closes in on itself and is included as part of the lab.

7. 7c.
Draw isotherms on map of U.S. and Canada.
Will have isotherms that close off
Only isopleth where you have data
Locate largest temperature gradient
Label each isotherm

8. Isopleth Examples
Most common weather maps will have some type of isopleth
Common examples include
Isotherm: temperature
Isobar: pressure
Isotach: wind speed
Isodrosotherm: dew point

10. Problem #10 (Chapter 1, page 41)
10a. Calculate the gradient for lines AB, CD, and EF
Gradients used to measure change in one variable over another
This problem, Gradient of elevation = change in elevation/distance
Distance for all paths = 40 km (change from book value of 30 km)
Read full questions and don’t forget units

11. 10a. cont’d Gradient from A to B ? A B
- To compute gradient compute difference in height between point A and point B  3100 ft – 2500 ft = 600 ft
Next divide the difference (600ft) by the distance between point A and point B (30km)  600ft/30 km = 20 ft/km
So the gradient of AB is 20 ft/km

12. 10c.
Interpret what the gradient physically means
10d.
Read question carefully
Remember wind directions (East wind = blowing from East)
Give reasoning behind your answers
10e.
Follow same guidelines as part (d)

13. Problem 1 (Chapter 2, page 75)
Stefan-Boltzmann Equation, E = σ x T4
where, E = energy emitted by object, σ = constant, and T = temperature of object
Don’t forget to convert to kelvin
Ratio is simply, Energy Sun/Energy Earth
1b.
Apply Stefan-Boltzmann equation
Example of Stefan Boltzmann Law
- What is the ratio of energy emitted per unit area of a campfire and a human body. Assume the average temperatures of the objects are 600°C and 37°C respectively.
- ( Note that σ = 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2K4)
First convert 600°C and 32°C to Kelvin.  600°C +273 = 873 K, 32°C = 305 K
Calculate energy of each object
Campfire  E = 5.67x10-8 W/m2K4* (873K)4 = 3.29 x 104 W/m2
Body  E = 5.67x10-8 W/m2K4 * (305K)4 = W/m2
Take ratio of E_Campfire/E_Body  answer is 67 to 1

14. 1c.
Read the question fully for clues
Think of how our planet is heated
Do further research
Fully explain your answer

15. Problem 2 (chapter 2, page 75)
Wien’s Law
Amount of radiation an object emits depends on its temperature
Wien’s law gives the wavelength of peak emission given an object’s temperature
λ= 2897μm K/T, where λ= wavelength and T = temperature
Make sure temperature is in Kelvin
= 73.15
2897/73.15  answer is 39.6 micrometers

16. Wien’s Law Example
Calculate the wavelength of maximum emissions for Neptune if the average temp is -200°C.
Convert temperature to K
Next write out equation
Show canceling of K in the equation  2897μm K/ K = 39.6

17. Problem 6 (chapter 2, Page 77)
Incoming/Outgoing Radiation Budget
Change temperature to 95°F (35°C)
Big Hint: think of how much radiation is being emitted by the object
Use past problems to help
Is this more or less than what the
object is absorbing?
Interpret your results with reasoning

18. Biggest Tips for lab #1 Make sure you convert temperature to Kelvin
Don’t forget units
Read the questions fully, many have hints to help you
Answer every question
Give reasoning when asked to explain
Come to office hours for help if needed

19. Meteo 003 Ta office hours LAB #1 Assignment Summary
Feel free to me your questions
2-3 PM 6th floor Walker Weather Center (room 606B)
LAB #1 Assignment Summary
Chapter 1: (1.1a,b) (1.4) (1.7a,b,c) (1.10a,c,d,e)
Chapter 2: (2.1a,b,c) (2.2) (2.6)