1. Warm-Up: Thought Exercise
What does the passage say?
What words do you know?
What would make it easier to understand?

2. Thought Exercise
si linguis hominum loquar et angelorum caritatem autem non habeam factus sum velut aes sonans aut cymbalum tinniens et si habuero prophetiam et noverim mysteria omnia et omnem scientiam et habuero omnem fidem ita ut montes transferam caritatem autem non habuero nihil sum et si distribuero in cibos pauperum omnes facultates meas et si tradidero corpus meum ut ardeam caritatem autem non habuero nihil mihi prodest caritas patiens est benigna est caritas non aemulatur non agit perperam non inflatur non est ambitiosa non quaerit quae sua sunt non inritatur non cogitat malum non gaudet super iniquitatem congaudet autem veritati omnia suffert omnia credit omnia sperat omnia sustinet

3. Protestant Reformation
Only write what is in Blue

4. I can analyze how the Church to lost Power.
Learning Target
I can analyze how the Church to lost Power.

5. The Medieval Church Middle Ages: SOUL BODY
Most of Western Europe is Catholic.
There are no denominations of Christianity – all Christians are part of the Catholic Church.
Latin is the official language of the Church, but many regions have their own languages
Middle Ages: SOUL BODY

6. Problems in the Church Indulgences – pardons from sins (for money)
Corruption – dishonest actions by the people in power

7. Indulgences

8. Pope Leo X Part of the Medici family.
Threw parties in the Vatican – seen as very corrupt

9. Setting the Stage Early calls for change were silenced by the Church.
Early Ideas for change
Bible should have more power than the Pope.
Pope shouldn’t have worldly power.
Humanists supported church reform. They formed opinions opposite of church’s ideas and positions.

10. Causes of the Reformation
Social
Economic
Religious
Political
The Renaissance values of humanism and secularism led people to question the Church.
The printing press help to spread ideas critical of the Church.

11. Causes of the Reformation
Social
Economic
Religious
Political
The Renaissance values of humanism and secularism led people to question the Church.
The printing press help to spread ideas critical of the Church.
Powerful kings challenged the Church as the supreme power in Europe.
Many leaders viewed the pope as a foreign ruler and challenged his authority.

12. Causes of the Reformation
Social
Economic
Religious
Political
The Renaissance values of humanism and secularism led people to question the Church.
The printing press help to spread ideas critical of the Church.
Powerful kings challenged the Church as the supreme power in Europe.
Many leaders viewed the pope as a foreign ruler and challenged his authority.
European princes and kings were jealous of the Church’s wealth.
Merchants and others didn’t like to pay taxes to the Church.

13. Causes of the Reformation
Social
Economic
Religious
Political
The Renaissance values of humanism and secularism led people to question the Church.
The printing press help to spread ideas critical of the Church.
Powerful kings challenged the Church as the supreme power in Europe.
Many leaders viewed the pope as a foreign ruler and challenged his authority.
European princes and kings were jealous of the Church’s wealth.
Merchants and others didn’t like to pay taxes to the Church.
Many people found Church practices such as the sale of indulgences unacceptable.
Some Church leaders become worldly and corrupt.

14. Germany

15. Martin Luther Born in Germany 1483
Studied law, but decided to become a monk
Unhappy with common practices in the Church

16. 95 Theses Luther’s Ideas October of 1517
Luther wrote 95 theses (ideas) about church practice
He nailed his writing to the door of the church
Luther’s Ideas
People could get salvation only by faith in God’s forgiveness. The Church also told people that they needed to do “good works” to receive that forgiveness.
Church teachings should come directly from the Bible and that the Pope and Church traditions were false authorities.
All people were equal before God and therefore they didn’t need priest to interpret the Bible for them.

17. Why was Martin Luther successful when similar ideas had failed only 100 years earlier?

18. Role of the Printing Press

20. Luther Excommunicated
Luther is called before the Holy Roman Emperor – He refuses to backdown and therefore was found guilty and is ordered captured.

21. Translation of the Bible
Luther escapes and spends the next year in hiding translating the Bible from the original Hebrew and Greek to German.

22. After Luther…
Others model Luther and challenge Church dominance for many different reasons.
New religions are founded in the years following Martin Luther.
Ulrich Zwingli - Switzerland
John Calvin – predestination – ideas spread to England, France and the Low Countries
John Knox - Switzerland
Henry VIII - England

23. Conflict: Catholic versus Protestant
Protest - To express strong objection
Fighting between Catholics and Protestants
Peace of Augsburg

24. Counter Reformation Council of Trent 1534-1549
The Catholic Church did reform many of its practices that Luther was against.
Reforms strengthen spiritual control in several countries like Spain and France.
Based on difference, Protestants split into various denominations in the hundreds of years after Luther.

25. Long Term Effects
No more Christian Unity in Europe – many religious wars Protestant vs. Catholic
Establishment of Religious schools to promote ideas both Protestant and Catholic
Power of Catholic Church is never regained and this leads to raise of individual monarchs and countries gaining power.
Further questioning in Church teachings (Enlightenment)

26. Middle Ages: SOUL BODY
After Luther: SOUL BODY

27. Brief Timeline 1517 – 95 Thesis – posts ideas on Church door
1521 – Edict of Worms – excommunicated from church, avoids capture and translates Bible into the German language
1524 – Peasants’ Revolt – Peasants revolt against rulers and the social order. They use Luther’s ideas. Luther disagrees with the Peasants and supports suppression of them by the monarchs.
– Religious Wars in Germany
1555 – Peace of Augsburg – (Ends decades of wars. Each prince now could decide the religion of his state – allows Lutherans and Catholics to exist in country)

28. Exit Ticket
Write Your Name! 1) Why should the Reformation be considered a Revolution?