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Marc Hauser, Noam Chomsky, and Tecumseh Fitch, 22 November 2002 Vol
pp Science
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BICS and CALP writ large
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Communication? Conversation? Texts? What’s in them?
Peirce (and Saussure!) Shared understanding of symbols Austin/Searle Speech Acts Grice Conversational Maxims and Implicatures Wilson and Sperber Relevance Goffman Frames and Schemata
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John Austin John Searle Speech Acts
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Conversational Maxims
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The roots of conversational analysis CA
Harold Garfinkel The roots of conversational analysis CA Emanuel Schegloff From: Discourse theory and practice: a reader. Margaret Wetherell, Simeon Yates, Stephanie Taylor. Sage Publications, Ltd CA analyses of the use of conversational practices are simultaneously analyses of action, meaning, context management and intersubjectivity, because all of these features are simultaneously, if tacitly the normative in that actors can be held morally(!) accountable both for departures from their use and for the inferences which use their use, or departures from their use, may engender. […] Operating in tandem with this methodology, was a commitment to the study of ordinary conversation as a domain which has substantive priority over other norms of interaction such as, for example, the rituals of public events or more specialized activities such as court hearings or business meetings. The initial body of CA research focused entirely on ordinary conversation, and even when drawing from data, such as group therapy or emergency telephone calls, its practitioners focused on what was ‘ordinary’ rather than what was ‘institutional’ or otherwise exceptional about them. Based on this methodological framework, CA began the work of analyzing conversation as a social institution. In the process, fundamental treatments of a range of basic dimensions of conversational practice were developed, including turn taking, sequence organization, the overall structure of conversations, the repari of difficulties in speaking, hearing and understanding talk, story telling, word selection, and others. Conversation analysis is a method for studying social interaction. It is not designed for the analysis of texts, or of contexts where activities are progressed by means other than social interaction. Instead, it is a method designed to unpack the fundamental organization of social action and interaction, and in its applied and institutional aspects, to link empirical findings about the organization of action and interaction to other characteristics of social actors and the settings they act in. It’s strengths and limitations should be appreciated in these terms. Gail Jefferson—Sacks’ amanuensis Erving Goffman Harvey Sacks
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Narrative Structure: Labov’s Taxonomy dh2013.unl.edu
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PreTeena Allison Bowers
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I know everything you do. Nothing.
I know nothing
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Schema(ta)
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What is this* about? Why do you think so?
Rocky slowly got up from the mat, planning his escape. He hesitated a moment and thought. Things were not going well. What bothered him most was being held, especially since the charge against him had been weak. He considered his present situation. The lock that held him was strong but he thought he could break it. He knew, however, that his timing would have to be perfect. Rocky was aware that it was because of his early roughness that he had been penalized so severely--much too severely from his point of view. The situation was becoming frustrating; the pressure had been grinding on him for too long. He was being ridden unmercifully. Rocky was getting angry now. He felt he was ready to make his move. He knew that his success or failure would depend on what he did in the next few seconds. *American Educational Research Journal Fall 1977, Vol. 14, No. 4, Pp Frameworks for Comprehending Discourse RICHARD C. ANDERSON RALPH E. REYNOLDS DIANE L. SCHALLERT ERNEST T. GOETZ University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign *American Educational Research Journal Fall 1977, Vol. 14, No. 4, Pp Frameworks for Comprehending Discourse. Richard C. Anderson, Ralph E. Reynolds, Diane L. Schallert, and Ernest T. Goetz. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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…And what about this one:
Every Saturday night, four good friends get together. When Jerry, Mike, and Pat arrived, Karen was sitting in her living room writing some notes. She quickly gathered the cards and stood up to greet her friends at the door. They followed her into the living room but as usual they couldn’t agree on exactly what to play. Jerry eventually took a stand and set things up. Finally, they began to play. Karen's recorder filled the room with soft and pleasant music. Early in the evening, Mike noticed Pat's hand and the many diamonds. As the night progressed the tempo of play increased. Finally, a lull in the activities occurred. Taking advantage of this, Jerry pondered the arrangement in front of him. Mike interrupted Jerry's reverie and said, "Let's hear the score." They listened carefully and commented on their performance. When the comments were all heard, exhausted but happy, Karen's friends went home. These two passages come from p. 372 in Anderson, et al., op.cit.1977
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With hocked gems financing him, our hero bravely defied all scornful laughter that tried to prevent his scheme. Your eyes deceive you, he had said, an egg not a table correctly typifies this unexplored planet. Now three sturdy sisters sought proof, forging along sometimes through calm vastness, yet more often over turbulent peaks and valleys. Days became weeks and many doubters spread fearful rumours (sic) about the edge. At last, from nowhere, welcome winged creatures appeared, signifying monstrous success. What’s this all about?
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multiple functions Language has multiple functions, but its nature—what its fundamental structure is—is unified.
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It’s not like these apples.
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Mind Blowing
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This is the data slide “comic” I was referring to…
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