1. Today’s Drill: Cell Biology Review Get your clicker!
Get ready to take a quiz!

2. Today's Objective
Students will be able to explain the function of the parts of the cell and the transportation of materials in and out of the cell
In order to explain the processes and the functions of related structures found in a multi-cellular organism.

3. Fill in the Venn Diagram as we review Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

4. Both cells share:
DNA
Cytoplasm

5. Prokaryotic cells Are surrounded by a cell wall
Contain DNA, usually circular
DNA is not contained in a nucleus
No membrane bound organelles

6. Eukaryotic cells
Surrounded by a cell membrane, and cell wall if plant or fungus
DNA is enclosed in the nucleus, usually found in paired chromosomes
Generally contain specialized internal organelles

7. Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic cells have many little organ like structures called “organelles.”
These organelles are floating in a jelly like substance called cytoplasm.

8. Organelle Gallery Walk
Complete the “Organelles!” section of your worksheet by completing a Gallery Walk.
You need to find the FUNCTION of the organelle
You also need to draw an arrow to the organelle. It may be in the plant and/or animal cell

9. If you don’t want to do a gallery walk, here are the slides
Organelle slides
If you don’t want to do a gallery walk, here are the slides

10. Nucleus
Plant
Animal
Function: Controls the activity of the cell, like metabolism and reproduction
Special Information: Found only in eukaryotic cells
Location: Near the center of the cell

11. Ribosomes Function: Site of protein synthesis, like a factory Plant
Animal
Function: Site of protein synthesis, like a factory
Special Information: Made of RNA
Location: Suspended in the cytoplasm or on rough ER

12. Plant
Animal
Mitochondria
Function: Converts chemical energy into ATP during cellular respiration, like a generator.
Location: Suspended in cytoplasm
Special Information: Internal structure has large surface area for ATP production

13. Vacuoles Function: Stores food, water and waste products Plant Animal
Location: suspended in cytoplasm
Vacuole
Special Information: Larger in plant cells

14. Chloroplast
Plant
Animal
Function: Uses sunlight to synthesize glucose for food during photosynthesis
Special Information: Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that captures light
Location: suspended in cytoplasm

15. Flagella Function: Moves the cell (locomotion) Plant Animal
Special Information: Whip like tail (sperm)
Location: Attached to membrane outside of the cell

16. Cilia Function: Moves the cell (locomotion) Plant Animal
Special Information: Tiny hair like structures
Location: Attached to the membrane outside of the cell

17. Cell Wall
Plant
Animal
Function: Supports and protects the cell, like a wall.
Special Information: Made up of cellulose, a carbohydrate
Location: Outer layer of plant cell, outside cell membrane

18. Cell Membrane Plant Animal
Function: Regulates what enters and exits the cell, including food and gases, like a gate.
Location: Surrounds the cell, just inside cell wall in plants.
Special Information: Fluid mosaic model

19. What are 2 differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have chloroplasts
Plants have cell walls and animal cells don’t

20. Characteristics of cell membrane
Is semi-permeable: Controls what goes in and out of the cell
Also provides protection and support

21. Getting through the cell membrane
Some molecules go directly through the cell membrane:
Non-polar molecules
Small molecules
Others must find an indirect way through the cell membrane:
Large molecules like starch
Water molecules move through aquaporons
Polar molecules

22. Lipid Bilayer Basic structural component of cell membranes.
Consist of two layers of lipids

23. Parts of Lipids Heads of the lipids face outward and are hydrophilic
Tails of the lipids face inward and are hydrophobic
Label your picture of the cell membrane

24. Cellular Transport
Passive – using no energy to establish equilibrium or homeostasis; moves molecules from high to low or
Active – uses energy; moves molecules from low to high
Forms of active transport are:
Pumps
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

25. Diffusion
Molecules (other than water) moving from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Does not require energy

26. OSMOSIS Diffusion of water
Moving from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
Animation of diffusion/osmosis

27. Facilitated Diffusion
Molecules moving from an area of greater concentration to lower concentration with the ‘help’ of a channel protein
This does not require energy either!

28. Practice your knowledge of diffusion
You have 3 minutes to answer question 7.

29. 7a.
What would equilibrium look like for this beaker?

30. 7b.

31. 7b.

32. 7c.
Sugar can pass through the membrane. Draw an arrow to show which way sugar will move

33. 7d.
Diffusion always causes particles to move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

34. Practice your knowledge of osmosis
You have 3 minutes to answer question 8

35. 8.
Draw an arrow to indicate the net movement of water (into cell, out of cell, or into & out of cell at equal rates).
Tell what will happen to the cell (shrink, swell, or stay the same).

36. 8.

37. Mitosis
During mitosis, a parent cell splits to form 2 daughter cells. Compare the daughter cells to the original parent cells.
The daughters are identical to the parents in EVERY way! They are clones with matching DNA
(Meiosis creates different daughter cells that are used for sexual reproduction and have ½ the DNA)

38. Human Body Systems
Consists of cells  tissues organs  organ systems organism

39. CELLS
BASIC UNITS OF ALL LIVING THINGS

40. TISSUES
Group of specialized cells working together to perform a specific function
Examples include muscle tissue and skin tissue

41. ORGANS
Group of tissues working together to perform more complex functions
Examples include: the heart, lungs, stomach, and brain.

42. Name That Organ!

43. ORGAN SYSTEMS
Multiple organs that work together to perform specific functions of the body.
Name some systems of the human body.
Explain each one’s purpose.

44. Human Body Systems
To review the human body, watch the BrainPop video, “Human Body: All Systems Go!”
As you watch it fill in the functions of the body systems. I’ll pause it so you can write them

45. LAST QUESTIONS!!!
Complete the selected response questions that have been provided for you. These questions were taken from previously released Biology HSA exams. Use the information that we have discussed today to answer these questions. Take your time and do your best!

46. Microscopes Estimate the size of the Euglena __________μm
You are focused at 100x what do you adjust to zoom in?
What will happen to what you see if you switch from 100x to 400x?

47. Characteristics of Life
Matching! 
____ Homeostasis
____ Metabolism
____ Cellular
Organization
____ Reproduction
_____ Heredity
Made up of one cell or many cells
Passes genetic information (found in DNA) from parent to offspring
The process of using and/ or releasing energy to move and grow
Maintaining relatively stable internal conditions, regulation of body systems.
The production of genetically similar (or identical) offspring

48. Characteristics of Life
15. Viruses can get you very sick, but are they alive? They are smaller than a cell. They can’t make there own energy. To reproduce the must invade a cell, then the virus tells the cell to make viruses until it is so full of viruses it burst releasing new viruses to infect more cells.
Determine if a virus has each characteristic of life. Answer Yes or No.
Homeostasis ______Metabolism _____ Cell Org_____
Reproduction _______ Heredity _______
Are Viruses are alive?

49. Take the practice HSA questions about cells
Exit Ticket
Take the practice HSA questions about cells