1. Unit 1 The Biology of Cells
BIOLOGY CLASS NOTES
Unit 1
The Biology of Cells

2. CELL BIOLOGY Cells that have a nucleus are called EUKARYOTIC.
VACUOLES store food and water. They are always found in plant cells.
VACUOLES are organelles for storage.
CHLOROPLASTS are plant organelles that have a pigment called chlorophyll.
One prokaryotic organism is a BACTERIUM (bacteria).
Plant cells have CELL WALLS and animal cells do not.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM and GENETIC MATERIAL.
Eukaryotic cells have: a NUCLEUS and ORGANELLES.

3. CELL BIOLOGY

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6. CELL BIOLOGY
Proteins are made by ribosomes.

7. CELL BIOLOGY
Bacterial cells (bacteria) do not have a nucleus.

8. CELL BIOLOGY
Golgi complex (body) packages proteins.

9. CELL BIOLOGY Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic.
Both of these types of cells have a nucleus and a cell membrane.

10. CELL BIOLOGY Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll.
The pigment chlorophyll carries out photosynthesis.
Animal cells do NOT have cell walls or chlorophyll-containing chloroplasts.

11. CELL BIOLOGY
POP QUIZ!!

12. CELL BIOLOGY A cell with a nucleus is called _______________.
A ____________ is a large storage vessel for food or water and is commonly found in plant cells.
What organelle is used for storage?
What plant organelle contains chlorophyll?
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
Name one thing a plant cell has that an animal cell does not have.
What structures do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
Name two things found in a eukaryotic cell that are not found in a prokaryotic cell.

13. CELL BIOLOGY

14. CELL BIOLOGY
CENTRIOLES cause cell division in animal cells. They separate chromosomes.

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16. CELL BIOLOGY
MITOCHONDRIA do cell respiration. They break down nutrients (food) into usable cell energy.

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transports materials inside the cell.

19. CELL BIOLOGY
REMEMBER! Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have two things in common:
cell membrane
Genetic material
The CELL MEMBRANE controls what comes in and out of a cell.

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21. CELL BIOLOGY
LYSOSOMES have digestive chemicals called enzymes to break down food for nutrients and energy.

22. CELL BIOLOGY
The CELL WALL gives structure and support for bacterial and plant cells.

23. CELL BIOLOGY
The NUCLEUS has DNA and controls the cell.

24. CELL BIOLOGY
REMEMBER!! Two things that prokaryotic cells DO NOT have but eukaryotic cells DO are
Nucleus
Organelles

25. CELL BIOLOGY
POP QUIZ!!

26. CELL BIOLOGY
What organelle is only in animal cells and causes cell division?
Which organelle gives a cell energy from food?
Which organelle moves materials around inside the cell?
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
Name an organelle that plant cells have but animal cells do not.
Which organelle packages proteins?
Name an organelle that animal cells have but plant cells do not.

27. CONGRATULATIONS! YOU’VE COME TO THE END OF UNIT 1: CELL BIOLOGY!