1. MATTER

2. Matter and substances
Everything in the Universe is made up of matter, so there are many different types of matter.
Each different type of matter is called a substance.

3. Matter is made up of tiny particles, called atoms.
When atoms combine, they form all the substances in the Universe.

4. Matter has got properties:
General properties: are common to all matter.
Examples: mass, volume and temperature.
Specific properties: vary from one substance to another and enable us to distinguish one object from another.
Examples: colour, hardness and density.

5. Mass, volume and density.
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
Mass is measured in grams or kilograms.
There are a thousand grams in a kilogram.
Volume is the amount of space an object occupies.
It is usually measured in millilitres or litres.
There are a thousand millilitres in a litre.

6. Density is the relationship between the mass and the volume of an object.
We calculate the density of an object by dividing its mass by its volume.
We calculate density in grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm3)

7. Why things float
When the density of the object is lower than the density of the liquid, the object floats.
When the density of the object is higher than the density of the liquid, the object sinks.