1. Aim: How do scientists utilize recombinant DNA technology?
Why does Spiderman have these special powers?

2. What is Genetic Engineering?
Genetic Engineering is a new process that scientists use to alter the genetic instructions in organisms.

3. What is a Gene?
A gene is a sequence of DNA on a chromosome that codes for _______ protein.
one

4. Why would altering DNA affect our characteristics/traits?
DNA codes for the proteins that determine our traits.

5. Scientists can generate organisms with desired characteristics.
Why would scientists want to alter the genetic instructions of organisms? +
Scientists can generate organisms with desired characteristics.

6. How is DNA Modified?
Step 1: DNA is first extracted (removed) from cells.
..ATGAATTCT..
..TACTTAAGA..
..ATGAATTCT..
..TACTTAAGA.. +
DNA
DNA

7. How is DNA Modified?
Step 2: DNA is then cut into smaller pieces with Restriction Enzymes.
ATGAATTCT
TACTTAAGA
ATG AATTCT
TACTTAA GA
Restriction enzymes are “scissor-like” enzymes that recognize and cut specific sequences in the DNA.
What base sequence was this restriction enzyme specific for? GA

8. What base sequences were these Restriction Enzymes specific for?
“Sticky Ends”
ATGAATTCT
TACTTAAGA
ATG AATTCT
TACTTAA GA GA
“Sticky Ends”
GCATTACGTT
CGTAATGCAA
G CATTAC GTT
C GTAATG CAA GC

9. How is DNA Modified?
Step 3: The cut DNA sequence is then combined with the DNA of another organism.
ATGAATTCT
TACTTAAGA
ATG AATTCT
TACTTAA GA +
Cut DNA from
another cell
DNA from 2 sources
Cut DNA

10. What do we call DNA that comes from 2 sources?
Recombinant DNA

11. Gene Splicing The process that allows scientists to
DNA
Ligase
The process that allows scientists to
attach pieces of DNA segments to the
DNA of other organisms is called:
GENE SPLICING

12. Step 4: The recombinant DNA is then placed inside a living cell.
How is DNA Modified?
Step 4: The recombinant DNA is then placed inside a living cell.
“Cut DNA” +
- What will the recombined DNA do?
It will allow for the production of proteins from both sources of DNA.
Recombinant DNA

13. Steps of Genetic Engineering:
Scientists can target and identify a gene.
Cut the gene with restriction enzymes.

14. Steps of Genetic Engineering:
This gene is then “spliced” to the DNA of another organism.
Once in the new organism,
the transferred genes direct
the new organism’s cells to
make the same protein as the
original organism.

15. Applications of Genetic Engineering:
Medical Improvements
Cloning
‘Designer Babies’
Gene therapy
GMO