1. CICULAR ECONOMY GLOBAL SUSTAIN Barcelona, October 19
Dr Christian AVEROUS
Vice President Blue Plan/UNEP
ex OECD

2. Circular Economy Global Sustain

3. The world context
A changing world: globalisation, environment, digitalisation
A search for growth engines: consumption, investment, trade, credit
Going against tax evasion

4. The world context
2015 key year for ambitious world development agenda
UN conference of Addis Ababa (july 2015) on financing development
UN summit of New York (september 2015) on sustainable development goals
UN conference of Paris (december 2015) on climate change
2016 & beyond: implementation, implementation, implementation

5. The world context The Addis Ababa conference on financing development
The Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAAA): from ODA focus to agreement: owned, universal, public & private financing applying to north and south, with new SDGs

6. The world context
New York Summit agreement on sustainable development (part of UN General Assembly meeting)
150 Heads State/ Gov. approve SDGs (sustainable development goals) 26 sept 2015: owned, universal, inclusive (no one left behind)
17 SDGs, 169 targets, with indicators, with reporting mechanism
A 2030 transformative agenda (production/consumption, including growth, energy,…) with means (finance, innovation/technology, data revolution)

7. The world context

8. The world context
The Paris agreement on climate change (dec 2015): on greenhouse gases emissions mitigation, adaptation and finance
Already in force (ratified now > 55countries, >55% emissions CO2)
Starting in the year 2020
To achieve <2°C increase, since preindustrial time in 2050
Commitments to be revisited 2020

9. The world context Universal commitments full of wisdom and ambition
Butressed by commitments to green and inclusive growth (OECD, IMF, World Bank, G20, EU)

10. Circular Economy (associated to climate issues)
The 2030 Agenda contains a clear endorsement of circular economy as part of sustainable consumption and production.
A key component of green economy/green growth together with reducing food waste, energy transition
(associated to climate issues)

11. Circular Economy
Similar to resource efficiency (parallel to energy efficiency) at global, regional, national, territorial levels
Similar to 3Rs concept of reducing waste, recycling waste, reusing waste
Key for green growth; change of economic paradigm: three factors of production: labor, capital, ressources
Key for achieving sustainable and inclusive development
Strong links with most goals (together with reducing inequalities)

13. Circular Economy At macro level
TRADE ISSUE resource efficiency is related to trade concerns. Parallel to energy efficiency
Material intensive (importing) economies: Korea, China, Japan, Germany, EU
Resources rich (exporting) economies: Australia, Canada
STOCK ISSUE Global economy uses less and less material /unit GDP
High material /capita: overuse of natural asset base of the planet, excessive footprints of some materials

14. Circular Economy At sector level
Applies to public and private policy orientations
Creation of secondary material markets
France trade balance in recycled material (3 billion EUR in 2014, x8 over 15 years)
Unused ‘urban mines’

15. Circular Economy A new business strategy
Incorporate in: products (goods & services), processes, market approaches, organization
Special attention to: life cycle thinking value chain (co-operation with partners)
Thereby achieving enhanced performance competitivness
Extended producer responsibility

16. Circular Economy Measuring
Framework; stocks and flows
Materials: biomass for food and feed, wood, fossil energy, construction materials, industry materials, metals and metal ores
Flows of waste and recycled materials
Stocks of material natural or man-made (urban mines)

17. Circular Economy Measuring
Data & Indicators available for key ‘international’ materials: iron/steel, copper, aluminum, paper, phosphorus, rare earth
Rare earth used in batteries, catalysts, ceramics, glass industry, magnets, metallurgy, phosphors… applications in defense, chemicals, nuclear, water… sectors

18. Circular Economy Measuring
Progress in material flows resource efficiency
Gaps: resource prices, taxes, subsidies
Leading programs internationally: UNEP, OECD, EU
Knowledge available for major actions and advances towards resource efficiency improvements (globally, regionally, nationally).