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3. Preface
The aim of this atlas is to help the medical students in the reading of blood film for common hematological disorders; and to help them in the understanding of various tools used in the microbiological diagnosis.
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4. Contents 4

5. Blood film : Normal red cells5

6. Blood film : Normal platelets6

7. Blood film : Normal neutrophil7

8. Blood film : Normal lymphocyte8

9. Blood film : Reticulocyte9

10. Nucleated red cells {bone marrow irritation}10

11. Microcytes {IDA, Thalassemia, lead poisoning}11

12. Macrocytes {megaloblastic anemia, MDS}12

13. Macrocytes with hypersegmented neutrophil (more than 5 segments) {megaloblastic anemia}13

14. Anisocytosis (variable sizes) {non specific caused by many types of anemia}14

15. Poikilocytosis (variable shapes) {non specific caused by many types of anemia}15

16. Sickle cells {sickle cell anemia}16

17. Target cells {hemoglobinpathies, liver disease}17

18. Spherocytes {hereditary spherocytosis and AIHA}18

19. Elliptocytes (oval shape RBC) {hereditary elliptocytosis}19

20. Stomatocytes {hereditary stomatocytosis, alcoholism}20

21. Echinocytes (burr cells) {CRF, in vitro artifact}21

22. Acanthocytes (spur cells) {liver disease, a B- lipoproteinemia}22

23. Schistocytes (Fragmented cells) {traumatic hemolytic anemia: DIC, TTP, prosthetic valve}23

24. Bite cells (blister cells) {G6PD deficiency anemia}24

25. Teardrop cells {myelofibrosis}25

26. Agglutinated red cells {cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia}26

27. Rouleaux formation {multiple myeloma, macroglobulinemia}27

28. Basophilic stippling {hemolysis, lead poisoning}28

29. Heinz bodies (Hb polymers) {hemoglobinpathies, G6PD deficiency}29

30. Howell Jolly bodies (nuclear remnants) {post- splenoectomy}30

31. Lymphoblasts {ALL} 31

32. Myeloblasts {AML} 32

33. Auer rod {AML} 33

34. Leukocytosis with relative lymphocytosis {CLL}34

35. Leukocytosis ranging from myeloblasts to mature neutrophils {CML}35

36. Abnormal lymphocyte {hairy cell leukemia}36

37. Atypical lymphocyte {viral infections, toxoplasmosis, lymphoma}37

38. Increase platelets count {Essential thrombocythemia}38

39. Bone marrow: Ring sideroblast {MDS: refractory anemia with ring sideroblast}39

40. Bone marrow: Predominance of plasma cells {multiple myeloma}40

41. Lymph node biopsy: Reed Sternberg cells {Hodgkin's lymphoma}41