1. Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 6
Skeletal System

2. Skeletal System Physical foundation of the body 206 bones
Connected by movable and immovable joints

3. Osteology Science of the anatomy, structure, and function of the bones
Prefix for medical terms

4. Bone Second hardest tissue of the body Composed of connective tissue
The first is tooth enamel
Composed of connective tissue
1/3 organic matter
2/3 mineral matter

5. Primary functions Give shape and support to the body
Protects internal structures and organs
Attachments for muscles and acts as levers for movement
Produces white and red blood cells
Store’s calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sodium

6. Bone joints Connection of two (2) or more bones Movable: Immovable:
Did you Know Box -PP 119
Movable:
Elbows
Knees
hips
Immovable:
Pelvis
skull

7. Bones of the Skull Cranium Facial Skeleton 8 bones of the head
An oval, bony case that protects the brain
Facial Skeleton
14 bones of the face

8. Cranium
1 Occipital – hindmost, forms the back of the skull above the nape
2 Parietal – forms the sides and crown
1 Frontal – forehead
2 Temporal – forms the sides of the head in the ear region

9. 1 Ethmoid – light, spongy bone between the eye sockets and forms the nasal cavities
1 Sphenoid – joins all the bones of the cranium

10. Bones of the Face 2 Nasal – form the bridge of the nose
2 Lacrimal – small, thin bones – front inner wall of the eye sockets
2 Zygomatic – prominence of the cheekbones

11. 2 Maxillae – upper jaw
1 Mandible – lower jaw – largest and strongest bone of the face

13. Bones of the neck Hyoid – U-shaped at base of tongue – “Adams Apple”
Cervical Vertebrae – seven (7) bones of the top part of the vertebral column in neck region

14. Bones of the Chest, Shoulder and back
Thorax – chest – elastic, bony cage that protects the heart and lungs
Ribs – twelve (12) pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax

15. Scapula – large, flat, triangular bone of the shoulder (back)
Sternum – Breastbone
Clavicle – Collarbone – joins sternum and scapula

17. Bones for the arms and hands
Humerus – uppermost and largest bone of the arm – from elbow to shoulder
Ulna – inner and larger of the forearm – pinkie side
Radius – smaller bone on the forearm – thumb side

18. Metacarpus – palm – 5 bones between carpus and phalanges
Carpus (Carpal) – wrist – 8 flexible, small, irregular bones held together by ligaments
Metacarpus – palm – 5 bones between carpus and phalanges
Phalanges – fingers – digits –
14 bones
3 fingers
2 thumbs

21. Bones of the legs and feet
Femur – heavy, long thigh bone
Tibia- larger, shin bone – big toe side
Fibula – smaller, shin bone – little toe side
Patella – knee cap
Talus - ankle

22. Tarsal – 7 bones from ankle into foot
Metatarsals – 5 bones of the foot – long and slender
Phalanges - toes – digits –
14 bones
3 toes
2 big toes