1. Network fundamentals Unit 10
5 days including projects, review, and test.

2. Objectives
Define communication networks and identify the differences between public and private networks
Describe common hardware and software components in a computer network
Identify network types
Identify the benefits of a network
Evaluate the risks of network computing
Identify and resolve common networking connection problems

3. Network
2 or more connected devices
Can transfer data

4. Public vs. Private Networks
PSTN- Public Switched Telephone Network
Voice-based telephone network
Established one to one connection (circuit-switched)
Includes mobile & landline today
Aka POTS (Plain Old Telephone Network)
VPN- Virtual Private Network
Remote user uses public network (Internet) to access a private network (home office or work)
All data is encrypted
Work at home, travelling employee, remote offices use this

5. Network Types- LAN Local Area Network WLAN In a small area
Office, school, house
WLAN
Wireless
Need Wi-Fi card

6. Network Types- WAN Wide Area Network Large geographic area
Two or more LANs connected by routers
Big businesses with office around country or world
Internet is biggest WAN
Connected by fiber, satellites, telephone

7. Network Types- Client-Server
Server manages & provides a service to client
Network OS on server
Maintain all clients centrally
Username & password
Describe client-server with web page request example. Servers have network OS.
Router or Hub
Services include: mail server, database server, web server, etc.

8. Network Types- Peer to Peer
No server
All PCs equal
Each PC maintained on its own
Small office or house
Easy to set up
Each PC determines what it shares with others & maintains its own security, updates, maintenance, etc.

9. Network Types- Internet
Global network of connected, smaller networks
You connect to it through an ISP
World Wide Web & are most popular uses

10. Network Types- Intranet
Web based for internal company use
Handbooks, manuals, employment forms, work news, etc
Only can access from within that company
Through web browser

11. Network Types- Extranet
Similar to Intranet
Outside users with user name & password can have access to internal info

12. Project Identify the type of network handout Teknimedia: C1.1-5

13. Identifying network components
Hardware & Software Components

14. Modem Modulate-Demodulate
Digital to analog/analog to digital
Allows data to be transmitted over a line and changed from one signal to another
Dial-up, DSL, Cable Modems

15. Dial-up Modem Dial-Up Modem Internal or External Data over phone lines
Dialed into a phone number
SLOWWWWW
Old- 300 bits per second (bps) or baud rate
Now- 56k or kilobits per second

16. Broadband Cable Modem Data over Coaxial (Coax) cable
High speed, always on
Broadband
20Mbps (Megabits per second) & up
FiOS also connects via coaxial cable.

17. Cable Modem Hookup

18. DSL Modem Digital Subscriber Line High speed, always on
Broadband
Through phone lines
1.5-3Mbps
Can use phone & Internet at same time
Filters on phones

19. DSL Modem Hookup

20. Other Communication Devices
Media
Coaxial cable, twisted-pair (Ethernet), fiber optic, wireless
Connects to NIC
T-1 Line
Dedicated fiber line to your business
Voice & data
1.5Mbps is all for you!
Hub (OLD)
Connects PCs together
Dumb device

21. Switch, Router, Multipurpose Device
Better & faster than a hub
Built into back of these routers
Router/Multipurpose Device
Connects computers
Shares one Internet connection
May allows wireless access
Firewall
Wireless Adapters or NIC
Mention Switch on back.
Also show/talk about hub.

22. How They Connect

23. Addressing
Network devices need an IP Address & MAC Address to communicate (TCP/IP)
IP: (assigned logically)
MAC: 0A-B5-74-C3-1E-FF (physically on NIC)
DNS
Translates names to IP addresses
Go into cmd prompt: ipconfig & ping for DNS example

24. Communicating Protocols Packet Switching
Set of rules for communication
TCP/IP
Packet Switching
Data is split into smaller segments/packets in NIC
Reassembled by destination NIC

25. Review- 4Q
Which Internet connection sends high speed broadband over analog phone lines?
DSL
If a coax cable connects to your modem, which Internet service do you have?
Cable modem or FiOS
Every computer needs an ___ & ____ to communicate on a network.
IP address & MAC address
The 4 LAN ports on the back of a home router is really what device?
Switch

26. Networks Benefits vs. Risks
Benefits: Share information, collaborate, share hardware, share software, communication ( , text, social media, etc.), search/research, e-commerce, telecommuting, entertainment
Risks: privacy (vulnerable to hackers), malfunctions & failures (we depend on it), malicious code (viruses, worms, Trojans, etc.), loss of autonomy (you can be tracked, at work is not private), setup & management costs higher

27. Network Benefits Enhanced Communication Share information Collaborate
, text, social media, etc.
Share information
Chat rooms, blogs, IM, webcasts, etc.
Collaborate
Work together on projects
Share Hardware
One printer for all to share on network
Share Software
Software installed on a server
Licenses for users to access from server
E-Commerce
Telecommute
Entertainment

28. Network Risks Privacy Equipment failure Hackers Loss of Autonomy
Vulnerable to unauth. Access, hackers
Equipment failure
Bad equipment or loss of power
May not be able to access server, printer, etc.
Hackers
People who break into systems
Steal info or delete data
Make viruses
Loss of Autonomy
What you do can be tracked & watched
Vulnerable to Malicious Code
Easy to pass viruses, works, etc.
Setup costs & maintenance of network
is not private
Plus junk is annoying

29. Why Hack? Theft of services Theft of Information Hatred & vengeance
For the thrill of it
Finds a way to get into password protected system to avoid paying for a service.
Steal credit card info, national security data
Some people hate companies or groups, so they try and destroy files or steal info to sell to opposing groups
The thrill is seeing if they can break into it

30. Review- 5Q
T or F. Hackers invade other people’s computers only for fun.
T or F. Software sharing is one of the benefits of networking.
When you are on a network, you should assume that your is not _____________?
Private
T or F. It is easier for a virus to spread on a network.

31. Review- 4Q How is the network at school different than your home one?
How is it the same?
Which type of network has an OS & requires a username/password for access?
Client-server
What are two popular Internet features?
& Web
At Starbucks, you can access the Internet with your laptop & no wires. What type of network is this?
WLAN

32. Review- 5Q T or F. A modem converts analog to digital signals.
True
T or F. Hackers invade other people’s computers only for fun.
False
A _______ is confined to a limited geographical area.
LAN
A _______ is made up of several local area networks.
WAN
A _______ is a simple device that connects multiple computers together.
Hub

33. Network fundamentals Unit 10
5 days including projects, review, and test.