2. 2
Chapter
Safety

3. Objectives Explain what OSHA is and its purpose.
Explain housekeeping measures that promote safe working conditions.
List and describe clothing safety as it applies to carpenters.
List other personal protective equipment recommended for carpenters to use.
OSHA.gov

4. Objectives (Cont.)
List safety measures relating to shoring and scaffolding.
Cite safety measures relating to hand and power tools.
Explain how electrical power is used safely on a jobsite.
Describe proper methods of lifting and carrying to avoid personal injury.
Describe the classes of fires.
Leviton

5. Workplace Safety
Carpentry tools and materials can cause serious injury
17.6% of fatalities in industry are construction related
Causes of construction worker deaths
Falls
Electrocution
Struck by object
Caught-in/between

6. Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSHA protects workers
Standards for workplace safety
Health information and training
Safety training for employers and workers
Inspecting workplaces
States to establish their own safety and health programs

7. OSHA-Approved State Plans
OSHA.gov

8. Employers’ Responsibilities under OSHA
Provide safe workplaces
Try to eliminate or reduce hazards
Provide “competent person” to perform certain functions

9. Workers’ Responsibilities under OSHA
Become familiar with OSHA poster
Follow safety and health rules
Follow safe work practices
Report safety hazards to employer
Report to OSHA if employer fails to correct problems

10. OSHA Poster
OSHA.gov

11. Safety Culture In good safety culture, workers:
Watch for potential hazards and take action to eliminate them
Use proper safety equipment; perform tasks safely
In good safety culture, employers:
Provide safety training
Provide equipment and materials for safe work
Consider safety when planning work

12. General Safety Rules Safety is based on
Knowledge
Skill
Caring attitude
Be familiar with potential hazards
Take steps to minimize or eliminate hazards
gpointstudio/iStock/Thinkstock

13. Good Housekeeping Maintain clean site to help prevent accidents
Store materials and tools properly
Place rubbish and scrap in containers for disposal

14. Pro Tip Remove nails from lumber scraps before discarding them
Failure to do so could result in injury from puncture
Injuries can lead to lost time on job

15. Thinking Green Damaged and lost materials create unnecessary waste
Store materials in secure location to minimize theft
Protect stored materials from bad weather
Locate materials away from worker pathways
Keep materials neatly organized

16. Clothing Wear appropriate clothing for work and weather conditions
Avoid loose-fitting or ragged clothing
Wear sturdy shoes with thick soles
Wear comfortable headgear to provide necessary protection
Nomar

17. Personal Protective Equipment
May be required on many jobs
Safety glasses
Safety boots and shoes
Hard hat
Particulate mask
Respirator
Hearing protection

18. Fall Protection
Falls are leading cause of worker fatalities in construction industry
OSHA requires fall protection
Fall-arrest harness
Guardrail
Super Anchor Manufacturing

19. Scaffolds and Ladders Scaffolds Ladders
Must have minimum safety factor of four
May pose electrocution hazard
Ladders
Inspect regularly
Use only for climbing from one level to another
May also pose electrocution hazard

20. Hand Tools Use correct type and size of tool
Be sure tool is sharp and properly adjusted
Use tool belt to keep hand tools close by

21. Rules for Hand Tools Hold hand tools correctly
Be careful when starting cut with handsaw
Keep edged and pointed tools turned downward
Carry only few tools at one time
Do not carry sharp tools in your pockets
Store tools properly

22. Power Tools Be thoroughly familiar with how tool works
Know correct procedures
Check power cord to make sure there are no breaks in insulation

23. Electrical Power Used often on job sites
May be from power pole or generator
Safe use is important
Even small amounts can cause serious injury or death

24. Electrical Conductors
Moisture can turn many materials into conductors
Workers can receive electrical shocks
Make sure tools you use are grounded
Circuit breakers and fuses provide some protection against shock

25. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter
Detects tiny amounts of current
Opens circuit before shock can occur
Especially important to use when moisture is present
Leviton

26. Compressed Air
Tools powered by compressed air are called pneumatic tools:
Can be dangerous
High pressure can cause particles to puncture human skin
Serious damage can occur if directed at eyes or ears

27. Safety Note Wear safety glasses when working with pneumatic tools
Never direct air stream at people
Use quick-disconnect coupling with pneumatic tools

28. Decks and Floors Carpenter should stand on firm, solid base
Surface should be smooth, but not slippery
Do not attempt to work over rough piles of earth or on stacks of material
Stay well away from floor openings, floor edges, and excavations

29. Excavations
Shoring and bracing must be placed where ground is cracked or cave-in may occur
Ask utility companies to mark any buried utilities on site
Trenches pose hazards from shifting soil
Shoring or trench box can be used to work safely in trenches

30. Falling Objects
On upper levels of structure, be cautious when handling materials
Falling materials can be hazards to workers below you
Position pieces of lumber on angle so they will not fall sideways
Be aware of overhead work and wear approved hard hat

31. Handling Hazardous Materials
Materials used can pose hazards
Employers should notify employees about hazardous materials
Safety data sheet
Hazard descriptions
How to avoid hazards
What to do in case of exposure to hazards

32. Pressure-Treated Lumber
Requires special safety precautions
Wear particulate mask, safety goggles, and gloves
Do not burn scraps of treated wood

33. Lifting and Carrying
Improper lifting and carrying of heavy objects may cause injuries
Follow safety procedures when lifting
Stand close to load
Bend your knees and grasp object firmly
Lift by straightening your legs
If load is heavy or bulky, have others help

34. Classes of Fires
Fires can be classified as one of four different types

35. Fire Protection Know causes of fires and methods of controlling them
Follow approved fire prevention practices
Follow good housekeeping procedures
Keep containers of flammable materials closed when not in use
Dispose of oily rags and combustible materials promptly

36. Fire Extinguishers
Use proper type of fire extinguisher for each type of fire
Using wrong extinguisher could increase danger

37. First Aid Knowledge of first aid is important
Accident victim may receive additional injury from unskilled treatment
Keep approved first aid kit on jobsite
Clean, sterilize, and bandage all cuts and nicks
Maintain current tetanus shot

38. Construction Careers Construction Estimators
Develop cost estimates in great detail
Usually work from building plans
Work for building contractors or large architectural or engineering firms
Usually have college degree
Marcin Balcerzak/Hemera/Thinkstock