2. The Human Need for Housing
CHAPTER 1
The Human Need for Housing

3. Learning Outcomes Assess how housing helps people meet their needs.
Analyze factors that affect housing choices, including values, space, costs, roles, and lifestyle.
Summarize how housing needs change over the life span.
Examine ways housing affects quality of life.

4. Housing Affects People
Housing, good or poor, affects the way occupants feel and behave
Housing is any dwelling that provides shelter, including
furnishings, neighborhood, and community
A house is any building that serves as living quarters for one or more families
A home is any place a person lives

5. People and Their Housing
Housing is the near environment, part of the total environment, and is a
small, distinct part of the total environment in which people live
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6. Meeting Needs Through Housing
Psychologist Abraham Maslow suggested that humans are motivated to satisfy five basic needs
Maslow arranged these needs in the order they must be filled, starting with those most basic
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7. Physical Needs Physical needs are the most basic human needs
Physical needs have priority over others because they are essential for survival, including
shelter
food and water
rest
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8. Physical Needs Housing provides shelter from weather
An archeologist studies how culture provides shelter, including
materials used (such as adobe)
different forms of housing (such as a yurt)
Housing provides for water and food preparation
Housing provides places for rest and relaxation

9. Housing meets physical needs of humans
Naaman Abreu/Shutterstock.com
Kutlayey Dmitry/Shutterstock.com
What physical needs do these photos show that are met through housing?

10. Psychological Needs
After meeting physical needs, people strive to meet psychological needs through housing, including
security
love and acceptance
esteem
self-actualization
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11. Psychological Needs
Security provides protection from the outside world, including
physical danger and the unknown
Love and acceptance is displayed through housing in several ways, including
providing a private place to be
receiving tasks as part of a group
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12. Psychological Needs
Housing tells others something about you and helps you gain esteem by
approval from others for a clean, neat home
Living in a pleasant home can help you gain self-esteem
Housing provides a place in which a person can progress toward becoming capable and develop into his or her full potential, or self-actualization

13. Psychological needs can be pursued after physical needs are met
wavebreakmedia/Shutterstock.com
Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock.com
How do these photos demonstrate psychological needs being met through housing?

14. Other Needs Met Through Housing
Housing reflects your idea of beauty and pleasing environment
Beauty gives pleasure to the senses
Your personality and taste, or self-expression, is shown through housing
Ability to use imaginative skills, or creativity, to make something new is met through housing
Examples are painting and flower arranging

15. Factors Affecting Housing Choices
Factors affecting housing choices include
values
space
costs
roles
lifestyle

16. Values
Values are strong beliefs and ideas about what is important, such as
family, friendship, money, status, religion, and independence
Needs and values are closely related, for example
people have the need to sleep in a bed
values influence what type of bed people choose (size, comfort level)

17. Values impact housing choices
OtnaYdur/Shutterstock.com
Gelpi/Shutterstock.com
What values related to housing do these photos suggest?

18. Space
Space requirements affect housing and impact peoples’ needs, including
privacy to avoid feeling crowded and having a place for personal possessions
family and group interactions that require designated areas for group activity
Examples include an eat-in kitchen or great room for family activities

19. Costs The costs of a housing structure affects what people can afford
Factors that affect type and size of housing people can afford include
operating costs (furnishings and equipment)
maintenance costs (repairs and utility costs)

20. Roles
Roles are patterns of behavior that people display in their homes, for example
an adult female might be a wife, mother, and teacher
children can be sons/daughters, students, athletes, or artists
Roles affect how housing is selected and used, for example
a student needs a quiet place to study

21. Lifestyle
Lifestyle is a pattern or way of life and can require space for such household activities as
hobbies (need space and storage)
entertaining (need group spaces)
work at home (need quiet/organized area)
retirement (may need maintenance-free home)
Lifestyle impacts housing choices

22. Housing choices can enhance a way of life
Sklep Spozywczy/Shutterstock.com
forestpath/Shutterstock.com
What lifestyles do these images suggest? What factors should be considered for such lifestyles?

23. Housing Needs Through the Life Span
Life situations and circumstances cause change and impact the way people live, and set the stage for interactions with
other people
people and their housing

24. Households
A household includes all people who occupy a dwelling, including individuals and families
Five basic family structures include
nuclear
single-parent family
stepfamily
childless family
extended family

25. Life Cycles
A life cycle is a series of stages through which an individual or family passes during its lifetime
Two types of life cycles include
individual life cycle
family life cycle

26. Individual Life Cycle The individual life cycle has four substages
Infancy
Childhood
Youth
Adulthood

27. Family Life Cycle The family life cycle has six major stages
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28. What housing needs do individuals have?
What housing needs might a family need during the
beginning stage
childbearing stage
parenting stage
launching stage
midyears stage
aging stage

29. Housing and Quality of Life
Personal quality of life is enhanced when
the housing environment helps meet needs and values
surroundings are satisfying
Cooperation of groups and individuals is necessary to improve
housing for all groups
the quality of life for society

30. People interact with their housing
Housing helps people satisfy physical and psychological needs
According to Maslow, these needs include
physical and security
love and acceptance
esteem and self-actualization
Beauty, self-expression, and creativity are other needs people meet through housing
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31. Factors that affect housing choices include
values, family relationships, space needs, costs, roles, and lifestyle
Needs and values are closely related
The needs and values of people and their housing vary as they move through various life cycles
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32. Meeting needs and values of individuals and families through housing can impact quality of life
Lifestyle can impact housing space needs and costs

33. Review
What is housing?
any dwelling that provides shelter
What are the five categories of human needs in Maslow’s hierarchy?
physical needs; security; love & acceptance; esteem; self-actualization
Name six factors that influence housing needs.
values, family relationships, space needs, costs, roles, and lifestyle
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34. Review What are five basic types of family structures?
nuclear family, single-parent family, stepfamily, childless family, extended family
Give an example showing how housing needs differ between the childbearing stage and the middle years stage.
During the childbearing stage, space needs increase. Children’s ages, genders, and activities impact space needs. In the midyears stage, parents may feel they have too much space and may want a smaller home.
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35. Review What is the meaning of the term quality of life?
the degree of satisfaction a person obtains from life
What determines whether housing is good?
Housing is good when it provides people with satisfying surroundings that can improve their quality of life.