1. The Quick and Easy Historical Context for:

2. Elements It’s a Genre: Type of Literature
Theme: the main idea of the novel, usually expressed in one sentence
Setting: the time and place of the action of the novel
Plot: the events in the novel
Point of View: Personal, Objective, Omniscient
Conflict: the struggles in a novel

3. Elements Characters: the personalities in a novel
Developing Character (Round): a character who changes in some way during the course of the story; usually a major character who has several sides or traits to his personality
Static Character (Flat): a character (usually a minor character) who does not change during the story; this kind off character generally has only one or two personality traits.
Protagonist: a character who is trying to achieve some goal (usually the main character)
Antagonist: a character who is trying to stop the protagonist

4. ( )

5. Real Name: Eric Blair
British Political Novelist
Born: To English parents in India

6. After his father retired, Eric and his family moved back to England.

7. He was sent to boarding school at the age of eight to prepare for Eton, an exclusive prep school.
Because he had a scholarship, he was teased and humiliated frequently.
                                     

8.                                           At eighteen, he passed the Empire’s Civil Service Exam and became a police officer in Burma.          

9. 1927
Returned in Europe

10. He chose to live in poverty because he felt guilty for the job he had
done in Burma -
for having been a
part of an oppressive government.

11. oppressed and helpless
He saw poverty
as a way to
understand the
problems of the
oppressed and helpless
by becoming
one of them.

12. Orwell was a Socialist
Socialist: someone who believes that the government should own businesses so that everyone will be equal

13. Two Things That
Influenced Orwell
To Write
Animal Farm:
His hatred for:
Injustice
Political Lying

14. in which separate classes
He desired a society
in which separate classes
would not exist.

15. Orwell's second
famous book:

16. It's a Fable It's an Allegory
Most fables have two levels of meaning. On the surface, the fable is about animals. But on a second level, the animals stand for types of people or ideas. The way the animals interact and the way the plot unfolds says something about the nature of people or the value of ideas. Any type of fiction that has multiple levels of meaning in this way is called an allegory.

17. It's a Satire
A composition making fun of something, usually political.
Animal Farm makes fun of political society after the Bolshevik Revolution.

18. Standard:
ELA10RL3 The student deepens understanding of literary works by relating them to it’s historical background.

21. Historical Context
Russian society in the early twentieth century had two social classes: a tiny minority (bourgeoisie) controlled the country’s wealth.
The working class was called the proletariat.

22. What up, I’m Vladimir Lenin. Real Talk.
Vladimir Lenin: Led the Bolsheviks (a Russian political group) in the Russian Revolution in 1917.
What up, I’m Vladimir Lenin. Real Talk.

23. Before Trotsky and Stalin
By 1917, the bond between the Russian tsar (Nicholas II) and most of the Russian people had been broken. Government corruption was evident to everyone.
Riots because of the scarcity of food broke out in the capital, Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) on March 12, 1917.
Russian tsar Nicholas II was forced out of power. A new Provisional Government was formed. Nicholas II was killed the next year.
A bigger, Soviet government proved it had greater authority than the Provisional Government and issued it’s famous “Order No. 1” which directed the soldiers to obey only the orders of the Soviets, not those of the Provisional Government.
On November Vladimir Lenin led a group of Bolshevik soldiers into Petrograd (now St. Petersburg). Lenin and the Bolsheviks took the city with little resistance.
The Bolshevik uprising led to the Russian Civil War ( ).
Eventually, Lenin came to power in Russia.

24. Petrograd (St. Petersburg) Riots 1917
We’re hungry!
Let’s storm the capitol!
Our Russian leaders are corrupt!
Hey big man, lemme hold a dollar

25. Petrograd (St. Petersburg) Riots 1917
We want food!
We're hungry and we have guns.
Like a boss.
Hrmph, food, hungry.
Yes, agreed, food.

26. Nikki the II representing Russia to the fullest.
Tsar Nicholas II,
monarch of Russia,
was forced
to abdicate
the throne.

27. thought to have escaped.
Nicholas II's daughter,
Anastasia, was
thought to have escaped.

28. Lenin, a Russian revolutionary, took power in the name of the
Communist
Party.
Like a boss

29. Lenin had two allies who would likely take power after his time: Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky.
Before Lenin died in 1924, he called for the removal of Joseph Stalin.
Lenin’s body is still on display in Moscow, Russia and recent debate has called for it’s burial in 2008.

30. Trotsky and Stalin
After Lenin’s death in 1924, Trotsky and Stalin competed for power.
In an effort to show loyalty to Lenin, Stalin organized his funeral and made a speech professing undying loyalty to Lenin.
Trotsky lost political ground to Stalin because he was ill during the time of the funeral.
Stalin made a big deal of Trotsky joining the Bolsheviks just before the October Revolution.
Trotsky was expelled from Russia in 1928, he fled to Mexico in 1937 and was later killed by one of Stalin’s spies in 1940.

31. When Lenin died, Joseph Stalin & Leon Trotsky competed for
Me want control!
When Lenin died,
Joseph Stalin &
Leon Trotsky
competed for
control of the
Soviet Union.
Me want control too!

32. Yo dude, I'm sick, I won't make it to the funeral this weekend.
Leon Trotsky Joseph Stalin
He he he Don't worry Trotsky, it's just a funeral he he he muha muha hahaa
Yo dude, I'm sick, I won't make it to the funeral this weekend.

33. That guy Trotsky be flexin’
Stalin banished
Trotsky &
took control.
That guy Trotsky be flexin’
He began his
brutal killings,
overseeing the
deaths of
approximately
twenty million
Soviet citizens.

34. I wonder have those spies found and killed Trotsky yet?
Boy, I'm dead.

35. Stalin’s Socialism
Stalin came to power in 1929 and pursued his policy of “socialism in one country.”
The term “socialism” is often used to refer to an economic system characterized by STATE ownership of the means of production and distribution.
The United States is a capitalistic economic system. Individuals and business owners control the means of production and distribution, not the government (as in socialism/communism).
Stalin began to “purge” all those who opposed him, including Bolsheviks. To “purge” meant to imprison, torture and even kill.
Between Stalin was responsible for over 10 million deaths.

36. Joseph Stalin
He he he
...I'm very mean.
Stalin’s first wife, Ekaterina Svanidze, died in 1907, only four years after their marriage.
Stalin’s first son shot himself because of Stalin’s harshness toward him, but survived. Afterward Stalin said, “He can’t even shoot straight.”
His son was captured by the Germans in WWI. They offered to exchange him for one of their Generals. Stalin replied, “A Captain is not worth a General.”
Stalin’s second wife is said to have shot herself after a fight with him.
Stalin did not attend his own mother’s funeral in 1937.
While in power Stalin created a “cult of personality” around himself. Numerous towns, villages and cities were renamed after Stalin.
Statues and monuments erected to glorify Stalin distorted his true build. The monuments suggested Stalin was tall and imposing although in reality, he stood no taller than 5”6.
Stalin died of a brain hemorrhage (although some suspect he was poisoned) in 1953 at the age of 74.

37. Communism arose in Russia when the nation’s workers & peasants rebelled against and overwhelmed the wealthy and powerful class of capitalists & aristocrats.

39. This was based
on Karl Marx and his

40. The call for
action was . . .

41. Re-Cap
Lenin led the Bolsheviks to overthrow the Russian Government and create one of their own.
When Lenin died there were two men who could possible take over: Trotsky and Stalin.
Stalin took over and created a socialist cult of personality around himself: anyone in Russia who opposed him would be tortured or killed.

42. Animal Farm is an allegory about the Russian Revolution.

43. Themes
1. Freedom &
individual dignity
must be guarded
very carefully.

44. Themes
2. Language is a
powerful tool;
used improperly,
it can enslave
and confuse us.

45. Themes
3. Weakness can be
dominated by
strength, fear,
and trickery.

46. Themes
4. Hope & vision
must be kept alive,
or we might
live like the
animals of
Manor Farm.

47. Themes
5. Power corrupts,
and absolute power
corrupts
absolutely.

48. Characters Farmer Jones A drunk and a poor farmer,
his cruelty towards the farm animals
inspires their rebellion.

49. Characters Snowball A clever pig with a head for ideas,
                              
Snowball A clever pig with a head for ideas,
he becomes one of the main
leaders of Animal Farm and
the author of its central commandments.

50. Characters Napoleon A pig with a gift for techniques of control,
                      
Napoleon A pig with a gift for techniques of control,
he establishes most of the
farm’s rules and eventually
becomes its sole leader.

51. Characters Old Major An elderly show pig whose
                      
Old Major An elderly show pig whose
instruction to the animals
about "animalism" becomes
the philosophical basis
for the creation of Animal Farm.

52. Characters Squealer A pig with the ability to make any
                      
Squealer A pig with the ability to make any
idea sound reasonable,
he is Napoleon's side-kick
and is in charge of communicating
to the animals.

53. Characters Boxer A strong and hard-working carthorse,
                      
Boxer A strong and hard-working carthorse,
he shows tremendous
faith in the rebellion and its leaders.