1. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
I CAN
Define Circadian Rhythms
Describe the sleep stages
Distinguish REM rebound and Sleep Debt
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2. For most, the normal cycle of sleep - waking is about 25 hours
Sleep and Dreaming
Circadian Rhythms
Physiological patterns that repeat approximately every 24 hours
For most, the normal cycle of sleep - waking is about 25 hours
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Jet Lag
west to east
east to west
Average number of days to adjust to local sleep schedule 2 3 4 1 5 6 7 8
It takes longer to adjust to local sleep schedules and get over jet lag when traveling west to east
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Daydreaming
A mildly altered state of consciousness where attention shifts to memories, expectations, desires, or fantasies and away from the immediate situation
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6. The sleep cycle involves two basic types of sleep
1.Non-REM (NREM) sleep
Stages 1 - 4
2. REM sleep Rapid Eye Movement
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7. Non-REM Sleep: Stages 1-4
Lasts from minutes
Each stage lasting between 5 and 15 minutes.
Normal sleep cycle pattern
Waking, stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, REM, 2, 3, 4...
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Beta Waves
Alpha Waves
Theta Waves
Theta Waves
Delta Waves
REM Waves
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The Sleep Cycle
R.E.M.
REM sleep usually occurs 90 minutes after sleep has begun.
A period of rapid eye movements and intense dreaming.
The first REM period of sleep lasts about 10 minutes, increasing in each cycle, until the final REM stage, lasting about one hour.
In most instances, muscle paralysis occurs
An individual completes five sleep cycles during a typical night’s sleep.
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REM Rebound
REM-sleep deprivation leads to REM Rebound
The condition of increased REM sleep after being deprived of REM sleep
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The Need for Sleep
Over the years, the need for REM sleep decreases considerably, while the need for NREM sleep diminishes less sharply
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Infants: About 16 hours
Babies and toddlers
From 6 months to 3 years: hours
Children
Ages 3 to 6: hours
Ages 6 to 9: about 10 hours
Ages 9 to 12: about 9 hours
Teenagers: About 9 hours
Adults: 7 to 8 hours
Older adults: 7-8 hours
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13. LONG SLEEPERS SHORT SLEEPERS
Average more than 9 hours of sleep
Tend to be more nervous, worrisome, tense, artistic, creative, non-conforming, More resilient to the effects of sleep deprivation.
SHORT SLEEPERS
Average less than 6 hours of sleep
Tend to be more energetic, extroverted, more likely to remember their dreams
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Sleep Debt
Sleep deficiency caused by not getting the required amount of sleep for optimal functioning
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Sleep Walking - Sleep Talking
Do not occur in REM, but in deepest stage of non-rem sleep (Stage 4)
Sleep Paralysis
The condition where a sleeper in unable to move any of the voluntary muscles, except those controlling the eyes.
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16. THREE MOST IMPORTANT FEATURES OF NORMAL SLEEP
1. The 90 minute cycles
2. The deepest sleep occurs near the
beginning of the night
3. Increase of REM duration as sleep progresses
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CAN I?
Define Circadian Rhythms
Describe the sleep stages
Distinguish REM rebound and Sleep Debt
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007