1. Unit 8 – Section 1 The Truman Years
U.S. History
Unit 8 – Section 1
The Truman Years

2. Timeline
1945 – 1955

3. The New European Map World War II Interactive Map
Potsdam Conference Video
The New European Map

5. Nuremberg Trials

6. Nuremburg Trials Video Local
The German War Crimes trials that were held in Nuremburg, Germany
This was a former rallying point for the Nazi Party
12 Nazi leaders were convicted and sentenced to death
7 others were sentenced to jail
3 were acquitted
Nuremburg Trials Video Local

7. United Nations

8. An international organization the Allies hoped would work to achieve world peace
Replaced the League of Nations
Contains 5 permanent members – U.S., Soviet Union, Britain, China, and France
United Nations

9. Cold War

10. A competition for global power and influence between two superpowers
The United States and the Soviet Union were the superpowers
Waged mainly on political and economic fronts
Never turned to fighting between the two countries
Cold War

11. Containment

12. Containment Video DE Video Local
The attempt to restrict the territorial growth or ideological influence of communism
First proposed in a report by U.S. diplomat George Kennan
This became the policy of the United States throughout the Cold War
Containment Video DE Video Local

13. Truman Doctrine

14. The policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting against the attempted subjugation (conquest) by armed minorities or outside pressures
We (the U.S.) would help stop the spread of communism
Truman Doctrine

15. Marshall Plan

16. Marshall Plan Video DE Video Local
Also known as the European Recovery Plan
$17 billion in economic aid to assist European countries that were facing hardships after the war
The countries had to pledge to permit the emergence of political and social conditions in which free institutions can exist
Marshall Plan Video DE Video Local

17. Berlin Airlift

18. Berlin Airlift

19. Berlin Airlift Video DE Video Local 4min
On June 24, 1948, the Soviets blockaded the roads to Berlin in an attempt to force the western countries to flee the city
U.S. and British planes would carry more than 2 million tons of food and supplies into West Berlin
These flights lasted for 14 months
Berlin Airlift Video DE Video Local 4min

20. NATO

21. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Formed in April 1949 by 9 western European countries (France, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, Norway, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, and the U.K.) along with the U.S., Canada, and Iceland
Pledged to defend the others in the event they were attacked
NATO

22. Warsaw Pact

23. An alliance between the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries
Formed in 1955 in response to NATO
Warsaw Pact

24. Mao Zedong

25. Mao Zedong The communist party leader in China in the 1950s
Fought Chiang Kai-shek for power in China
Eventually won power and implemented communism in China
Mao Zedong

26. Korean War

27. Korean War Video 1 DE Video 1 Local
1950 to 1953
Korea divided after WWII
Communist North Korea attacks democratic South Korea.
China and the Soviet Union support the North
The U.S. and the UN support the south.
Ceasefire signed 1953, though technically Korea is still at war.
“The domino theory”
Korean War Video 1 DE Video 1 Local

28. Inch’ŏn

29. Inch’ŏn

30. Inch’ŏn Video 2 DE Video 2 Local
The North Koreans had begun to advance down the peninsula
Inch’ŏn is located on the western coast of South Korea, not far from Seoul (capital of South Korea)
This is where Douglas MacArthur led a counterattack against North Korea
This victory cut off the supply lines to the North Korean soldiers down south
Inch’ŏn Video 2 DE Video 2 Local

31. North v. South . . . which is which?

32. NK vs SK: from space!