1. Energy Use in Agriculture
C.D. Caldwell and Wang SL
Section 2 Unit 1

2. l01 1.Define energy 2.List 5 sources of energy
Energy is driving power for creature’s growth,development and action. in a word,life
1.Define energy
2.List 5 sources of energy
3.Give examples of the following energy changes
chemical to thermal
mechanical to electrical
radiation to chemical

3. lo2 List three issues surrounding fossil fuels Define efficiency
Why is inorganic fertilizer typically a high energy input?
What is typically the largest direct energy user on farms?
Give an example of a food product that requires a high amount of energy to produce and one that is low.

4. List two direct methods for reducing energy use in:
Machinery
Buildings
Crop production
How does energy use differ in agriculture between China and Canada?
Why is the development of renewable energy considered to be important?

11. Agriculture
The science, art and politics of changing sunlight into happy, healthy people.
What does sunlight need to do this?

17. What are the energy inputs into a dairy farm?
Make a list of all the off-farm inputs in terms of energy.
Discuss your list with a partner and revise your joint list to be as complete as is reasonable.

18. Energy Subsidies vs Energy Drains
Energy subsidy (direct)
Labour
Fuel
Electricity
Energy subsidy (indirect)
Seeds
Fertilizers
Herbicides/pesticides
Machinery
Water/irrigation
2.5 sources of energy

20. Energy Drains
Plants
Animals
Waste products

27. Fossil Fuel energy input (kcal) per animal protein production (kcal) output
Animal system Energy in/ protein out Range beef 10 : 1
Chicken : 1
Range lamb 16 : 1
Milk 19 : 1
Eggs 28 : 1
Beef 35 : 1
Pork 68 : 1
Lamb : 1

28. Energy Subsidies - Quantitative
Energy subsidy (direct)
Labour human = 17MJ/day; ox = 83.7MJ/day
Fuel
Electricity
Energy subsidy (indirect)
Seeds
Fertilizers
Herbicides/pesticides – 1 ton of atrazine = 190GJ
Machinery – 65hp tractor = 230GJ/hr; ploughing = 1180MJ/ha and baling hay = 295MJ/ha
Water/irrigation

30. Ways to reduce energy inputs to Agricultural systems
Enhancement of P/S efficiency
Environmental modification
Soil management
Water management
IPM
Disease management
Weed management
Agronomic methods

31. What? So what? Now what?
Read the article and answer the following questions:
What are the facts in this article? (What?)
What does the author say it means? Do I agree? (So what?)
If this so, then where do we go from here? (Now what?)

33. Preview please unit 3 Animal Welfare: A good life for animals
Describe the range of attitudes from "animal welfare" to "animal rights" as those terms are used in the present day debate on the use and care of animals in agriculture.
Describe the principal animal welfare issues in modern animal agriculture. Illustrate using examples from poultry, swine, beef cattle, fur, and dairy farming.
Explain the importance of the Physical Environment, the Social Environment and the Human-Animal Relationship to farm animals' quality of life.
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