1. U4.7,Orientation to aromatic plants and herbs

2. U4.7,Orientation to aromatic plants and herbs

3. Learning objectives(1)
· Understand the differences among the following terms:
o Herb
o Spice
o medicinal plant
o essential oil plant
o aromatic plant
o poisonous plants
o endangered species.

4. Learning objectives(2)
· Explain:
o What are the human benefits of using herbs, aromatics and medicinal plants.
o What are some of the applications of medicinal plants.
o Why there is an increased consumption of medicinal plants in modern society.
o Which are the top selling herbs in North America.
o How herbs, aromatics, and medicinal plants improve quality of life.
o In which plant structures the essential oil is accumulated.
o Where to find more information about herbs, aromatic and medicinal plants

5. Medicinal Plants? According to WHO…
Medicinal Plants are in fact herbs, which are used for preparations/ formulations of traditional Medicinal Products
Broad forms
Herbal materials
Herbal preparations
Finished Herbal Products
Herbal Medicine

6. Importance of Medicinal Plants
80% of the population of developing countries relies on traditional medicines (mostly plant based drugs) for primary health care(WHO)
Modern pharmacopoeia contains at least 25% drugs derived from plants and many others which are synthetic analogues built on prototype compounds isolated from plants
Demand increasing due to growing recognition of natural products being non-narcotic, having no side effects,easily available at affordable prices

7. Penetration of traditional medicine in various countries
Country
% population using traditional medicine
Africa
70-80
Pakistan 70
USA 42
UAE
100( Approx.)
Canada
China
Netherlands
Above 50
Japan
70-75
Germany
40-50
Australia 48
India
France 49

8. World Consumption (Value)
Consumption(US $)
Source
Year
62 billion
Exim bank
1997
16.5 billion
Heritage healing
1999
120 billion
The week
2002
Annual growth rate is about 10-15%
Projected market 2005-US $ 160 billion
Projected market 2010-US $ 240 billion
Consumption worth Rs.12,00,000 Crores !

9. World Trade Estimated to be more than Rs.15,000 crores
Top importing countries
USA,Japan,Germany,UK
Top exporting countries
China,Korea,Chile,India,Brazil,Thailand

10. India’s share for crude drugs
Countries
USA (%)
Japan (%)
India 28 5
China 25 60
Germany -
Italy 4
China Hong Kong
Thailand
Korea
Brazil 6
USA
Others 34 16
Value ( in crores)
666
477

11. India’s share for extracts and saps
Countries
USA (%)
Japan (%)
India 18 7
China 9 10
Korea - 13
USA
France 8
Denmark 14
Australia 11
Others 45 34
Value in crores
2115
900

12. Export trend from India
VALUE IN CRORES
1231
1262
1289
1210
Percent share of herbal products (Value)
Plants and parts of plants : 30.7%
Vegetable saps and extracts : 49%
Ayurvedic,Unani, and homeopathic medicines : 7.8%
Ayurvedic, ,Unani, and homeopathic medicines
for retail sales : 12.5%

13. Major destinations & products
USA,Japan,Nepal,Russia,Bangladesh,Ivory Coast,China,UAE
Major Products
Isabgol
Senna leaves and pods
Ginseng roots
Bellodana roots
Vinca rosea

14. Plants identified by Medicinal Plant Board
Emblica Officinalis Gaertn
saraca asoca (Roxb.)de Wilde
Withania Somnifera (Linn.)Dunal
Aconitum Heterophyllum Wall.ex Royle
Aegle Marmelos(Linn) Corr.
Phyllanthus Amarus Schum & Thonn
Bacopa monnieri(L.) Pennell
Santalum album linn
Swertia Chirata Buch-Ham
Tinospora cordifolia Miers
Gymnema sylvestre R.Br
Commiphora wrightii( Arn) Vhandari
Plantago ovata forsk.
Nardostachys jatamansi Dc
Gloriosa superba linn
Andrographis paniculata Wall.ex Nees
Garcinia indica Chois
Saussurea costus C.B. Clarke
Picrorhiza kurroa Benth ex Royle
Solanum nigrum Linn
Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn
Chlorophytum borivillianum Sant
Coleus barbatus Benth
Piper longum Linn
Berberis aristata DC
Crocus satius Linn
Rauwolfia serpentina Benth
Cassia angustifolia Vahl
Aasparagus racemosus Willd
Ocimum santum Linn
Embelia ribes Burm.F
Aconitum ferox Wall

15. Advantage Kerala Established industry for extraction of active
ingredients from plants
Established and popular Kerala Ayurvedic Treatment
Favourable Agro Ecology for most of medicinal
plants
Availability of some unique medicinal plants
Premier Educational and R&D institutions
Large pool of skilled manpower
Commercialisation of traditional knowledge base

16. Constraints Unscientific and over exploitation of forest recourses
High cost of cultivation
Lack of awareness on protocols for domestication,
post-harvest,processing,marketing etc.
Non-availability of planting materials

17. Keya Plants of Kerala Piper longum L. (Pippali)
Kaemferia galanga-L. (Kacholam)
Curculigo orchiodes Gaertn. (Nilippan)
Acorus calamus L. (Vayambu)
Garcinia cambogia L.( Koda- puli)
Andrographis paniculata Wall.Ex.Nees (Kiriath)
Asparagus racemosus Wild ( sathavari)
Gymnema sylvestre R.Br.Ex Schult ( Chakkara-kolli)
Sida rhombifolia L.(Kurumthotti)
Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook F.ET.Thoms
(Chittamruthu)
Gloriosa superba L. (Menthoni)
Adathoda beddomei C.B.Clarke (Chittadalotakam)
Products have been selected considering plants selected by NMPB,state’s competitiveness and exclusivity of some plants

18. Proposed area under AEZ
DISRICTS
Idukki
Ernakulam
Thrissur
Palakkad
Malappuram
Wyanadu

19. Target Markets
Ayurvedic and Unani preparations: UAE,Russia,Germany, Australia,and other Asian countries
Extracts: USA,Japan,Russia,Germany,EU
Plants and plant parts: USA,Germany,UAE,Japan
Ayurvedic and Unani Herbs: Bangladesh, China, Japan, Pakistan,Sri Lanka,USA,UAE

20. Export project ions (Rs. Crores)
Products
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Raw medicinal plants
( dried/powdered)
Nil
1.5 3
4.5 5
Extracts/value added capsules etc. of single herb 10 15 25
Ayurvedic medicine for bulk sale
Ayurvedic medicine for retail sale 20 30
TOTAL 18 31 44 65

21. Proposed Interventions & Investments
Estmated Investments
( Rs.In lakhs)
Pre-harvest/collection
Training and Education
Domestication
Establishment of Herbal garden/nursery
901.10
Post-harvest/processing
Collection centeres/pack house
Quality control laborotries
Procecessing units
879.00
Documentation/Data bank
Development of data bank and information
system
50.00
Export prmotion market
Development and prmotion of Brand equity for
medicinal plants and its products from Kerala
257.00
Setting up of monitoring and co-ordination units
Total
2,162.10

22. Project Cost Source Rs ( in Lakhs) Contribution (%) Central agencies
(APEDA/ NMPB/ MFPI/MOA)
756.2
34.98
DOA ( GOK)*
691.0
31.96
Private investments
714.9
33.07
Total
2,162.1
100

23. 1：部分文物被淹没 2：部分耕地被淹没 3：部分三峡自然景观
不可逆转的影响
1：部分文物被淹没
2：部分耕地被淹没
3：部分三峡自然景观