1. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Chapter 13
Section 5

2. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
I. The Weimar Republic’s Rise and Fall
At the end of WWI, Germany was on the
brink of chaos
Kaiser (German name for king) Wilhelm
abdicated or stepped down (unpopular)
Germany was then forced to face the Treaty
of Versailles head on and accept the blame
for WWI
A new German govt. was created it was called the Weimar Republic and it was lead by a….
CHANCELLOR- prime minister
The republic faced severe problems from
the start

3. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Weimar Republic weak from the start
Lots of in-fighting in the new govt.; the new govt.
was blamed for the signing of the Treaty of Versailles
German Jews blamed for both economic and political
problems in Germany
In 1923, Germany fell behind in war reparation
payments
As a result, France occupied the coal-rich
RUHR VALLEY
German workers refused to work under the French
occupation
To solve the problem, the Weimar Republic printed money
to continue to pay the workers
Soon inflation hit (so much money it no longer had
value)
The German Mark became almost worthless
84,000 fifty-million mark notes = $1 US

4. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
With help from the Western powers (Britain, France and the U.S.) inflation brought back under control
War reparations were reduced to help Germany get back on their feet
France withdrew from the Ruhr Valley
Germany slowly recovers then….
The Great Depression will hit Germany; reviving Germany’s memories of misery

5. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
II. Nazi Party Rise to Power
Adolf Hitler born in Austria in 1889
Age 18 he moved to Vienna
There he learned many of his racial views towards Jews, Serbs, Poles, and other groups (Non-Germans)
Fought in WWI (Germany)
Like most Germans, he blamed the Weimar
Republic for the countries problems post WWI
After the war, he joined a political party and became involved in politics
Within a year, he became leader of the
National Socialist German Workers Party

6. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Hitler organized like Mussolini did, a combat squad called “storm troopers”
Later called the Gestapo, then the “SS”
Wrote a book, “Mein Kampf” (My struggle)
In it, Hitler talks of extreme nationalism, racism, and anti-Semitism (hatred of Jews)
Describes Germans as the “Master Race”
Blames the Jews for the horrible condition of Germany
Calls for all Germans to unite into one
great nation
Also calls for “Lebensraum” or living space
(Germany must expand and become bigger)

7. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Hitler’s first attempt to take power fails
Called the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923
Poorly planned and led; Hitler arrested and sent to jail; treason
A year later he was released from prison
Got back into politics
The Great Depression then hit Germany (poor and chaotic times)
That gave Hitler his chance

8. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
His National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZIS) became more and more popular
Promised to end war reparations, create jobs and defy the Treaty of Versailles by rearming Germany
Hitler was an excellent speaker and was a symbol of power and strength in a time of
German weakness
People flocked to him….by 1933
Hitler was voted Chancellor of
Germany through legal means

9. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
III. The Third Reich Controls Germany
Once in office, Hitler and the Nazi’s sought to consolidate all power inside and outside of govt.
Hitler called for a renewed sense of nationalism
Under Hitler, Germany formed what was called the….
THIRD REICH- German master race that would dominate Europe for 1,000
years
Like Mussolini and Stalin, Hitler took
complete control of his citizens
everyday life

10. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
He created jobs by building houses, highways, and replanting forests
Rebuilt German military; stopped war reparation payments (Defying the Treaty of Versailles)
Used his GESTAPO- secret police, to root out opposition and to maintain control
Enemies and critics soon arrested and or killed
Hitler then created the NUREMBURG LAWS- deprived Jews of German citizenship and place severe restrictions on them
Had to wear the “Star of David” on their clothing, Jews could not marry non-Jews, could not attend German schools, and could not hold govt. jobs

11. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Kristallnacht or “nigh of the broken glass” came next (1938)
Nazi-led mobs attacked Jewish communities all over Germany
Goal was to eliminate Jews from German society….(Final Solution will come later)
Hitler also created the “Hitler Youth”
Indoctrinated young people with Nazi ideology; taught prejudice against the Jews, discipline, order and military techniques
Women’s roles were limited like in Mussolini’s Italy

12. Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany
Hitler also sought to replace religion with Nazi culture
IV. Authoritarian Rule in Eastern Europe
The rest of Eastern Europe (the countries carved out of old Russian, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman and German Empires) also struggled after WWI
Most of the countries were small and had very little in terms of natural resources or knowledge of the democratic process
Inequality was rampant
The Great Depression also affected them
Strong ethnic rivalries
Seen as easy / tempting targets for Hitler, Mussolini and Stalin to expand their countries….leads to WWII

13. Ingredients for a Totalitarian State Cake!!
Single-party DICTATORSHIP with blind obedience to a SINGLE LEADER
STATE CONTROL OF ECONOMY
Use of POLICE SPIES AND TERROR to enforce the will of the state
Government control of the media to indoctrinate and control citizens through PROPAGANDA
Use of schools and youth organizations to spread ideologies to children **INDOCRINATE THE YOUTH
Strict CENSORSHIP of artists, writers, and intellectuals with dissenting opinions

14. Mix well and bake at 350* for a scrumptious TOTALITARIAN STATE CAKE!!