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An Introduction to Financial Industry Global Standards

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1 An Introduction to Financial Industry Global Standards
Welcome to the world of financial industry standards! If the financial industry did not follow standards, we would soon notice. This is because standards make an enormous contribution to our industry—even though the contribution is often invisible, or taken for granted. Every day, we come in contact with financial standards - the size of a paper check, protocols for messaging, electronic security systems, and paperless contracts are just a few. Standards simplify our lives, increase productivity and allow interoperability and straight through processing. It is when there are no standards or a standard is misapplied, their importance becomes obvious. For example, as purchasers and users of products, our customers would soon take note when transactions are not moving smoothly, or when equipment used by our organization is incompatible or unreliable. It is here—when financial products do not meet our customer’s expectations—that we are aware of their ability to raise levels of reliability, efficiency, and interchangeability. The Accredited Standards Committee X9, Inc. or more simply X9, takes the lead in developing the technical financial industry standards we need to act efficiently and competitively in the market place.

2 Agenda Standards and Types of Standards X9—The Organization
ANSI’s Role ISO’s Role International Connection and Management How should your organization get involved? In this presentation, we review the purpose and types of standards, X9’s make up, and its importance to the industry. The role ANSI contributes (our national accrediting body) to X9’s success. And, the link X9 has to the development of global standards (ISO) used by the financial services industry. All this will add up to the realization that X9 is a vital organization that brings an important service to the industry. Your organization or company should join and participate – be a part of the solution.

3 What are Standards? How does government define Standards?
Types of Standards What Are Voluntary, Consensus Standards? X9 develops Voluntary Consensus Standards: “Voluntary consensus standards" are standards developed or adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies, both domestic and international. These standards include provisions requiring that owners of relevant intellectual property have agreed to make that intellectual property available on a non-discriminatory, royalty-free or reasonable royalty basis to all interested parties. For purposes of this Circular, "technical standards that are developed or adopted by voluntary consensus standard bodies" is an equivalent term. "Voluntary consensus standards bodies" are domestic or international organizations which plan, develop, establish, or coordinate voluntary consensus standards using agreed-upon procedures. For purposes of this Circular, "voluntary, private sector, consensus standards bodies," as cited in Act, is an equivalent term. The Act and the Circular encourage the participation of federal representatives in these bodies to increase the likelihood that the standards they develop will meet both public and private sector needs. A voluntary consensus standards body is defined by the following attributes: Openness. balance of interest. due process. an appeals process, and most importantly. Consensus, which is defined as general agreement, but not necessarily unanimity, and includes a process for attempting to resolve objections by interested parties, as long as all comments have been fairly considered, each objector is advised of the disposition of his or her objection's) and the reasons why, and the consensus body members are given an opportunity to change their votes after reviewing the comments. Other types of standards, which are distinct from voluntary consensus standards, are the following: - Non-consensus standards," "Industry standards," "Company standards," or "de facto standards," which are developed in the private sector but not in the full consensus process "Government-unique standards," which are developed by the government for its own uses, and. Standards mandated by law. *Federal Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary consensus Standards and in Conformity Assessment Activities Revised OMB CircularA-119 establishes policies on Federal use and development of voluntary consensus standards and on conformity assessment activities. Pub. L , the "National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995," codified existing policies in A-119, established reporting requirements, and authorized the National Institute of Standards and Technology to coordinate conformity assessment activities of the agencies. OMB is issuing this revision of the Circular in order to make the terminology of the Circular consistent with the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995, to issue guidance to the agencies on making their reports to OMB, to direct the Secretary of Commerce to issue policy guidance for conformity assessment, and to make changes for clarity. In the OMB CircularA-119* the US government describes a standard as: The term "standard," or "technical standard" as cited by the Federal government includes all of the following: Common and repeated use of rules, conditions, guidelines or characteristics for products or related processes and production methods, and related management systems practices. The definition of terms; classification of components; delineation of procedures; specification of dimensions, materials, performance, designs, or operations; measurement of quality and quantity in describing materials, processes, products, systems, services, or practices; test methods and sampling procedures; or descriptions of fit and measurements of size or strength. The term "standard" does not include the following: Professional standards of personal conduct or Institutional codes of ethics.

4 Performance Specification Standards: Management System Standards
Types of Standards Four types of Standards Voluntary Standards Mandatory Standards Definition Standards The rest of the world has also taken steps to improve the standards situation. After World War II, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) helped two fledgling international organizations, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), increase their role in the standards arena. Today international standards are an important and growing area as well, with over 7000 ISO standards already prepared. Voluntary Standards These are standards the use of which is theoretically voluntary, but in practice is widely adopted for the sake of ease of manufacture, interchangeability, and safety. Virtually all industrial standards are voluntary standards. In the past, such standards have been used in an exclusionary way, to favor one group or organization over its rival. Mandatory Standards Those standards which are, in effect, laws. Failure to follow such standards would result in legal penalties and liability. They are generally adopted out of concern for safety, and promulgated by the Federal government or one of its agencies or departments. Codes are groups of standards on the same topic, generally created for government agencies, and thus mandatory standards. Definition Standards Standards that provide standard measurement, symbology or terminology are definition standards. These create a foundation on which many other standards can be created. The metric system is an example of a definition standard. Performance Specification Standards – Management System Standards Performance standards specify the performance levels of a particular process. Management System Standards means that the same standards can be applied: - to any organization, large or small, whatever its product - including whether its "product" is actually a service, - in any sector of activity, and - whether it is a business enterprise, a public administration, or a government department. Performance Specification Standards: Management System Standards

5 What is X9? X9 was granted ANSI accreditation in 1984.
X9 is the premier standards developer for the Financial Services industry. X9 is a leader in moving its standards globally for adoption as ISO standards. Because X9 standards carry the ANSI designation, it shows they are in accord with ANSI rules and specifications for standards development and management. ANSI does not itself develop standards, rather accredits industry bodies like X9 to do so and calls such bodies accredited standards developers or ASDs. Since its ANSI accreditation in 1984, X9 has written and had “ANSI” approve more than 100 standards and technical reports that provide the industry guidance and information vital to its financial operations. The “standards committee” originally formed under the American Bankers Association in the 1960’s evolved from bankers only, to bankers and vendors of banking equipment and software and so on until today where the organization is multi-industry. In 2001 X9 incorporated and became an independent entity. In addition, the ANSI/X9 designation identifies the accredited organization as the premier standards developer for the Financial Services Industry.

6 X9’s Objectives Develop, establish, maintain, and promote standards for the Financial Services industry to facilitate the delivery of financial products. Focus on current and future standards needs of the Financial Services industry. Participate in, promote and grow the development of international standards. X9’s mission is to develop and manage *standards for the financial services industry. It also promotes the use of existing standards, facilitates the development of new, open standards, looks for new ways to meet the future needs of industry, and participates as leader for the development of international financial standards. *Although X9’s primary focus is national standards, X9 standards are global in prospective and used and adopted in countries over the globe.

7 X9’s Value Provides leadership in financial standardization globally
Accredited International Secretariat Payment Standards (including checks) Retail/card processing standards (domestic and international) Lead in industry use of standards to secure financial transactions. Now leading ‘payment model’ internationally Influence Industry Solutions The value of X9 is tied to its consensus development process, its formal accreditation by ANSI to develop national standards, as well as to represent the U.S. in the financial services sector internationally under ISO TC68 and more. Accredited by the American National Standards Institute, X9 is a major contributor of voluntary industry standards that support global trade and commerce in the financial arena. X9 Members can directly influence the development of technical standards by participating in the X9 standards formulating groups. X9 is charged with overseeing the development and acceptance of financial standards on the international level. So far, X9 has developed all US check standards, large numbers of the industry standards used in the retail/card processing area, proven a leader in initiating use of security standards in financial transactions, been a leader in securities messaging and other bank/financial code standards. X9 wears two hats—in addition to acting as the ANSI accredited organization for domestic financial standards, it is also ANSI’s representative in the international arena by holding the secretariat to TC68, the financial services sector of the International Standards Organization. In this capacity, X9 standards are proposed as global financial standards. Currently, through ISO TC68, X9 existing standards have been adopted internationally as the industry process for the world. Now, ISO and X9 are deeply involved in other international standards to standardize transaction security, securities trading and international payments systems. This consensus-based development process is built upon X9’s own procedures and ANSI’s Essential Requirements for standardization in order to serve its financial industry members and maintain its ANSI accreditation. Additionally X9’s values include: • act in the best interests of the US financial services industry and, at the same time, maintain a strong global orientation, with significant emphasis on the needs of other national agendas, • effectively execute standards development in accordance with the needs of the X9 membership and the needs of the financial services industry, • maintain technology awareness on the intersection of technology maturity, user adoption, and requirements for financial services standardization, • understand where technology products and business processes are on the maturity and adoption curve, and engage in standardization efforts accordingly and • be cognizant of current regulatory issues where new domestic standards may be beneficial to aid the financial services industry in compliance.

8 What is ANSI? The American National Standards Institute is based in Washington, DC and serves as the coordinating organization for the US voluntary Standards system. ANSI is a federation of industry firms, standards developing organizations, trade associations, professional and technical societies, government, labor and consumer groups. ANSI serves as the US member body of ISO. For about ninety years ANSI has acted to accredit a national voluntary standardization system composed of a variety of entities. This “ANSI” system is now recognized as one of the most effective and efficient standards systems in the world. In addition, ANSI is the US member body to ISO, the international standards developer. For more about ANSI go to for more ISO go to

9 What is ANSI’s Role, what does ANSI add?
ANSI does not develop standards Facilitates development of American National Standards Accredits Standards Developer Organizations (SDOs) Examines SDO processes Coordinates and represents Standards in the US Oversees the creation of Standards Assess conformance to ANSI rules Audits accredited organizations like X9 Member body of ISO ANSI does not develop standards, X9 does. Rather, ANSI accredits the proceedings and processes used by its approved organizations like X9 to develop voluntary national consensus standards for a designated industry. This accreditation signifies that the process used by groups like X9 meets ANSI’s essential requirements for openness, balance, consensus, and due process. As an ANSI accredited Standards Developer (ASD or SDO) X9 is audited by ANSI against its own procedures. In addition, X9 makes reports and interacts with ANSI and ANSI management committees on a regular basis. X9 staff and members participate in ANSI national cross-sector programs like Homeland Security and ID Management panels. ANSI coordinates the development and use of voluntary consensus standards in the U.S. and represents the needs and views of U.S. stakeholders in standardization forums nationally and worldwide. ANSI oversees the creation, promulgation and use of thousands of norms and guidelines that directly impact businesses in all domestic sectors. ANSI is also actively engaged in accrediting programs that assess conformance to standards—including globally recognized cross-sector programs like ISO 9000 (quality) and ISO (environmental) management systems. ANSI’s mission is to enhance both the global competitiveness of US business and the quality of life by promoting voluntary consensus standards for conformity and integrity. X9 maintains its ANSI accreditation through the submission of its standards and technical reports for ANSI review and audit on a regular basis. X9 follows its own procedures in compliance with those of ANSI. X9 is then audited by ANSI to maintain its accreditation.

10 The X9 Organization X9 is organized through committees and membership levels. X9’s Board/consensus body acts as oversight and management group, determines the acceptance of a draft standard to be recommended to ANSI for acceptance as an American National Standard. The consensus body also is the US vote to ISO TC68. As with most non-profit associations, X9 is run by its members and its staff. The X9 Board of Directors is made up of the most pre-eminent industry leaders in the global and US markets. This Board, in addition to the normal Board activities of running the organization, also is the confirmed consensus body under ANSI requirements. X9’s Board has the final approval on what standards will be developed, both nationally and internationally, and what standards will become labeled under their authority as American National Standards for the financial services sector. The Board, is the sole “consensus-body” of X9 and is a balance of producers, consumers and general interest under the ANSI essential requirements and its own procedures. The Board or balanced consensus body voting records are submitted to ANSI. The X9 Board members include the major US banks, Financial Industry Vendors, and major associations in the financial services industry. Expert subcommittees and working groups come together as experts to draft standards. Experts assigned by member companies include; engineers, mathematicians, specific business sector experts, check processors, check vendors, equipment vendors in a variety of specialty areas, bankers with various expertise, payment and other association experts.

11 Policy and Procedures Committee Marketing and Membership
Board Organization The Board of Directors acts as the consensus body voting on acceptance/rejection of X9 standards. Within the Board there are five management committees including: Executive Committee Finance Committee X9’s Board of Directors, which is composed of all Class A members, is the ultimate decision maker for the organization and is the “consensus body” under ANSI and X9’s procedures. Board members vote to accept, reject, comment or clarify X9 standards and identify persons who will act on behalf of the organization at international forums. Under the X9 Board, there are five standing management committees. Each is handed an important area that offers management and oversight advice to X9. The executive committee oversees the decision making duties between official Board gatherings. The remaining 3 committees and an ad hoc group have specific duties and all report directly to the X9 Board. Executive Committee—Acts as a decision maker for the Board of Directors between meetings. Designed to manage issues and find solutions for subcommittees/working groups. Finance Committee—Reviews X9 budget, examines staff accountability, and reviews major purchases. Marketing and Membership—Committee oversees marketing efforts and develops communications and information tools to support education and membership recruitment. Policy and Procedures Committee—Works to develop and revise the policies and requirements of the organization. Policy and Procedures Committee Marketing and Membership

12 Board of Directors (consensus body) SUBCOMMITTEES
Retail Payments Corporate Banking Checks and Back-Office Operations X9 SUBCOMMITTEES are organized and formed as needed. The number of working groups (bodies of experts) under each Subcommittee vary from time to time. Subcommittees manage new standards development and legacy standards through their period review for – revision, reaffirmation or withdrawal. Securities Data Security

13 X9 Subcommittee Structure
Currently, the X9 organization consists of five subcommittees. Each subcommittee has domain over subject areas— retail payments, checks and back-office operations, corporate banking, securities, and data and information security—important to the industry. Working groups are a subset of each subcommittee that are organized when needed to develop standards for approval by the balanced consensus body. The X9 organization is made up of five subcommittees mirroring important business sectors for the financial services industry. Under these broad business areas further specialists are organized creating working groups. Such working groups will fill an identified need for attention. Subcommittees are formed within X9 as the need arises, today there are: Retail Payments Subcommittee- Cards, Retail Checks and Back-Office Operations Subcommittee Corporate Banking Subcommittee- E-Sign, BTRS Securities Subcommittee- Codes, Messages Data and Information Security Subcommittee – Cryptography, Application, Cardholder, Authentication

14 Working Groups Working Groups are established by the Board or Subcommittee to deal with specific technical areas. Working Groups contain the expertise to develop standards answers to issues facing the industry. They may reorganize, become active to meet new industry challenges or upon completion of a body of work become inactive. Working groups are not permanent committees. Both the X9 Board and X9 Subcommittees may create Working Groups and assign the task of preparing the basic technical content of standards that will assist the industry in managing important technical issues of interest to the Financial Services industry. For example X9F1 under X9F is charged with developing industry encryption standards, while X9B15 under X9B may work on a standard identifying proper imaging tools for the movement of checks. Other X9B Working Groups are responsible for formulating standards to help implement Check 21 processes. The number of working groups varies at any given moment. Working groups are formed to develop US positions on international standards where no US standard is present, working groups are formed to review existing X9 standards or Technical Reports to determine their use, continued applicability, or whether to recommend revision, reaffirmation or withdraw to their respective Subcommittee and finally to the consensus body X9. There are well over 35 individual Working Groups under the X9 umbrella.

15 Who is ISO? ISO is a network of the national standards institutes of over 100 countries, on the basis of one member per country, with a Central Secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland, that coordinates the system. See ISO is a non-governmental organization: its members are not, as is the case in the United Nations system, delegations of national governments. ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is the world's largest developer of standards. Although ISO's principal activity is the development of technical standards, ISO standards also have important economic and social repercussions. ISO standards make a positive difference, not just to engineers and manufacturers for whom they solve basic problems in production and distribution, but to society as a whole. The International Standards which ISO develops are very useful. They are useful to industrial and business organizations of all types, to governments and other regulatory bodies, to trade officials, to conformity assessment professionals, to suppliers and customers of products and services in both public and private sectors, and, ultimately, to people in general in their roles as consumers and end users. Why is X9 involved in ISO and how? Make an informed choice in which standardization projects your company should participate; Influence international standards development in such a way that the resulting standards are fit for your company to achieve its business targets; Define difficulties in relating your participation directly to the business goals of your company; Prioritize standardization activity your company should participate in; Provide a better understanding of the present process of the development of international standards; Give a critical review of the present process of the development of international standards; Give a critical review of achievements of participants; Alternative approaches to standards development in case of common interests or conflicting interests; From the many relevant factors that contribute to success, the most important ones will be addressed, information about other factors will be provided in written form.

16 What is TC68 to ISO (ISO TC68)?
TC68 is one of 230 – ISO technical committees – the only dedicated to financial standards. TC68 has produced more than 70 universally implemented financial standards – ISO has produced more than 25,000 international standards. What 'international standardization' means When the large majority of products or services in a particular business or industry sector conform to International Standards, a state of industry-wide standardization can be said to exist. This is achieved through consensus agreements between national delegations representing all the economic stakeholders concerned - suppliers, users, government regulators and other interest groups, such as consumers. They agree on specifications and criteria to be applied consistently in the classification of materials, in the manufacture and supply of products, in testing and analysis, in terminology and in the provision of services.

17 Why is X9 involved in ISO and how can you participate?
Make an informed choice in which standardization projects your company should participate; Take advantage of the opportunity to influence international standards development in such a way that the resulting standards are fit for your company to achieve its business targets; Define difficulties in relating your participation directly to the business goals of your company; Prioritize standardization activity your company should participate in; Create alternative approaches to standards development in case of common interests or conflicting interests;

18 About ISO TC68 TC68 is ISO’s designated standards development group for the Financial Services industry. X9 (under ANSI) holds secretariat of TC68 and SC2, X9 members are active participants in developing and forwarding global standards. Presently, the technical subcommittees under TC68 are—Security Management, Securities and Related Instruments, and Core Banking. Currently leading effort on financial messaging, including payments, securities, trade/finance, e-invoice and more. ANSI Accredited of U.S. Technical Advisory Groups (TAGs) to ISO ANSI promotes the use of U.S. standards internationally and accredits organizations like ASC X9 as the U.S. Technical Advisory Group (U.S. TAG). The primary purpose of these groups is to develop and transmit, via ANSI, U.S. positions on activities and ballots of the Technical Committees (and as appropriate, Subcommittees and policy committees). These technical issues include the approval, reaffirmation, revision and withdrawal of ISO standards. Within ISO the TC68 is responsible for developing and managing financial industry standards on a global basis and X9 members and staff fill vital functions within this organization. TC68, like X9 is made up of Subcommittees and Working Groups. The current Subcommittees are categorized as: TC68 SC2 – Security, TC68 SC4 – Securities and TC68 SC7 – Core Banking. Here, X9 standards are well recognized and are often the basis for the internationally developed standard. Recently, TC68 is leading the ISO UNIFI activity which is develop a platform for standardizing global messaging. This organization is headed by both X9 staff and members who guide the development of this financial stand area. The UNIFI standard provides the financial industry with a common platform for the development of messages in a standardized XML syntax, using: - a modeling methodology (based on UML) to capture in a syntax-independent way financial business areas, business transactions and associated message flows; - a set of XML design rules to convert the messages described in UML into XML schemas. Today the UNIFI repository contains Payment, Securities, Foreign Exchange and Trade Services messages. X9 holds the Secretariat of TC68, TC68 SC2 and RMG 20022 The secretariat of a technical committee shall be allocated to a national body by the technical management board. The national body to which the secretariat has been allocated shall ensure the provision of technical and administrative services to its respective technical committee or subcommittee. The secretariat is responsible for monitoring, reporting, and ensuring active progress of the work, and shall use its utmost endeavor to bring this work to an early and satisfactory conclusion. These tasks shall be carried out as far as possible by correspondence. The secretariat is responsible for ensuring that the ISO/IEC Directives and the decisions of the council board and the technical management board are followed.

19 ISO Technical Committee TC68
Financial Services UNIFI RMG SC2 Security SC4 Securities SC7 Banking WG4 UNIFI Review CARD SEG RA RMG members nominated by P-member countries and A-liaison organisations SEG members nominated by all member countries and liaison organisations Where does the UNIFI platform fit in the ISO structure? ISO is a federation of 156 national standards bodies, ie, the ISO member countries. The standardization work is spread over various ‘Technical Committees’ (TCs) to which the 156 ISO member countries can decide to participate. Technical Committee TC68 is in charge of all ISO standards related to Financial Services (such as the BIC, the IBAN, the ISIN, the CFI, the MIC, ISO 8583, ISO and many others including UNIFI-ISO 20022). On the left side of this Slide, the work of TC68 is further split among three ‘Sub-committees’ (SCs), each in charge of standards for a specific area. In total, 61 ISO member countries are involved in the work of TC68 and its Subcommittees, among which 26 are actively participating in the standardization work (they are called the ‘P’-member countries). In addition, standards organizations, which because of their international nature, cannot access the ISO work through a specific country, can be authorized to establish a direct ‘Liaison’ with the TCs or SCs they are interested in. When active in a committee, these Liaison Organizations are called category ‘A’ liaison organizations. In total, TC68 and its sub-committees have accepted 22 liaison organizations among which 16 category ‘A’ Liaisons, such as UN/CEFACT TBG5, ISDA/FpML, FIX Protocol Ltd (FPL), MDDL, ISITC, TWIST, AMEX, VISA, Euroclear, Clearstream and SWIFT. UNIFI, because it covers all financial messages, is the only standard which reports directly to TC68 instead of one of its Subcommittees. As such, the UNIFI Registration Management Group (RMG) reports to TC68 and the RMG members can be nominated by the 25 P-member countries and the 16 category ‘A’ liaison organizations. The RMG monitors the RA and the SEGs. The RA is nominated by TC68 and has a specific contract with ISO. The SEG members can be nominated by any of the 61 TC68 member countries or 22 liaison organizations. The RMG for consists today of its Registration Authority (SWIFT) and four Standards Evaluation Groups, including: Securities, Payments, Foreign Exchange, Trade Services and the newest SEG Cards and retail (initiated in October 2008). Also reporting directly to TC68 is the Working Group 4 (WG4) which was created in December As said earlier, the mandate of WG4 is the general review of the UNIFI standard focusing on the Technical Specifications (parts 3 to 5) which should be submitted as International Standards in the next three to six years. WG4 is working in close cooperation with the RMG to smoothly plan the introduction of improvements and avoid detrimental impacts on users. SEG Securities SEG Trade Services SEG Payments SEG FX

20 ISO Technical Committee 68 Financial Services – reporting committees
Subcommittee 2- Security Subcommittee 4- Securities Subcommittee 7- Core Banking 20022 RMG reports to TC68 as does TC68/WG4 revising ISO 20022 ISO TC68 – Banking is one of ISO’s 229 “technical committees” --- Originated in 1948 banking standards is one of ISO’s longest operating technical committees. ISO TC 68 consists of 5 work efforts. There are 3 subcommittees dedicated to the various areas of financial industry – security, securities and core banking. The RMG for is dedicated to development of a global financial messaging system that is continuing updated and revised within a repository. WG4 is managing the ISO standardization aspects of the project.

21 Industry Payback – why join, why participate?
“X9 doesn’t cost, it pays.” Influential in standard processes both domestically and internationally. Skilled at development of voluntary consensus- based standards Works with organizations not often part of the industry. Needs total participation from industry. In sum, joining the X9 organization provides its members with the ability to be at the table to influence what is worked upon, to improve financial transactions, to improve security and privacy and to assure payments systems interoperability. These roles allow X9 members to realize that participation in X9 doesn’t cost .…it pays. The X9 member payback comes in organizing and establishing technical processes and systems important to establishing foundations for industry interoperability and communications on an global scale. In addition, given the makeup of X9 and TC68, X9 is able to include regulators and organizations that do not normally work closely with the industry. Finally, in order for X9 to work, it needs the participation of every firm and organization associated with the Financial Services industry. Now, can we include you?

22 Additional Information
Contact ASC X9, Inc. 275 West Street, Suite 107 Annapolis, MD 21401 Of course, additional information about X9 and its programs are available through headquarters staff – contact THANK YOU


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