1. Agenda:
DO NOW: Review the powers of the president on American Voices pages To begin today’s notes, create a heading “Powers of the President” and enter 1 bullet to summarize each power listed.
Notes on Roosevelt
Case Law: Northern Securities v. United States

2. T.R. Transformed the Presidency
President’s powers have been narrowly interpreted (exceptions for war).
Article II, Section 1: “The executive power shall be vested in a President”
Narrow vs. broad interpretation
T.R. views as “stewardship”
In all cases, presidential personality can expand (or limit) power.

3. T. R. understands value of image.
As police commissioner
As Civil Service commissioner
As President
Upgrades the White House
“Hail to the Chief”
Works the Press
Creates a persona
Turns on the Charm
Applies personal values to the job
Is this good?

4. Jack and the Wall Street Giants
Who is “Jack”?
Who are the giants?
Why is this confrontation happening on Wall Street?
How do you think the cartoonist views “Jack”?
How do you think the cartoonist views the giants?
Does he seem to think “Jack” is going to win this showdown?

5. Northern Securities v. The United States
J.P. Morgan and others plan to exchange stock to merger N.W. RR’s.
Farmers and shippers fear rates will rise.
T.R. orders Attorney General to file suit under the Sherman Antitrust Act.
At issue:
Definition of “Commerce”
Federalism
Is T.R. exceeding his authority?

6. Northern Securities v. The United States
How does Justice Harlan view the rights of states and the authority of Congress?
How does Justice Harlan refer to the Sherman Antitrust Act?
What does Justice Holmes fear in narrowly applying the law?

7. No Molly-Coddling Here
What is the central figure of the cartoon?
Why is he depicted this way?
Who is on the ground?
Is this a positive image of Roosevelt’s trust busting?
What might be a concern the cartoonist holds about Roosevelt’s policies?

8. Roosevelt’s True Views on Trusts
How does T. R. think trusts effect society?
What is his preferred approach for dealing with them?
What is a “gentleman’s agreement” and how does T.R. make use of them?
What was the Hepburn Act, and what were its main effects?
How did the ICC evolve over time? Why?

9. Roosevelt and the Coal Strike
Strike threatens to cripple the nation.
No power
No heat
As winter approaches, T.R. calls both parties to the White House.
Urges arbitration
Threatens to send the army to run the mines
Miners win shorter days and higher pay, but not union recognition.
Did Roosevelt exceed his authority?

10. Roosevelt and Consumer Protection
1906- the Meat Inspection Act
Req. federal inspection of meat sold through interstate commerce.
(narrow or broad effect?)
Agriculture Dept. will set standards of cleanliness.
1906- Pure Food and Drug Act
Prohibits impure or inaccurately labeled food and drugs.
Administrative agencies expand executive branch.
Appointments, not elections.

11. Roosevelt and Conservation
Supported Federal reclamation projects
Created national parks and sanctuaries
Preservationists v. Conservationists
Keep lands as is, or protect them for use?

12. Ticket to Leave
How do Roosevelt’s actions fit with his view of the President as “steward” of the nation? How does that view lead to a more powerful presidency? (Use specific examples)