1. Ecosystems

2. There are three types of living organisms; producers , consumers, and decomposers.
Draw on even page

3. BrainPop: Ecosystems and BrainPop: Energy Pyramid
How are ecosystems categorized?
Rainfall , soil, and sunlight
Define populations.
The total number of the same species in an ecosystem
Define habitat.
The place and conditions where an animal lives
What does an energy pyramid represent?
How energy moves through an ecosystem.
How are food webs and food chains different?
Food webs are a complex representation of the interactions of many organisms in an ecosystem, whereas food chains are simple and only show the interaction of a couple organisms.
How do producers get their food?
They make their food through photosynthesis.

4. 7. Why does the amount of energy decrease as it travels up the food chain?
Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because more energy  is used when an organisms from one trophic level consumes an organism from another level instead of stored.
Less and less energy is store in each trophic level because those organisms need the energy to perform daily functions
8. Why are there less top predators in an ecosystem than producers and herbivores?
There is not enough energy at the top to support a lot of top level predators.

7. 11. Which organism(s) can be described as producers? Trees and grasses
12. Which organism(s) can be described as heterotrophs?
Deer, rabbit, cricket, front, snake, mouse, hawk, and mountain lion
13. Which organism(s) can be described an omnivore?
Mouse
14. Which organism(s) can be described as a carnivore?
Frog, snake, hawk, mountain lion

8. 15. How is a food web different from a food chain?
Food webs are a complex representation of the interactions of many organisms in an ecosystem, whereas food chains are simple and only show the interaction of a couple organisms.
16. What is the initial source energy for all ecosystems?
Sun
17. How does energy move through an ecosystem?
As food
18. What are 5 types of abiotic factors? (page 456)
sun , soil, water, oxygen , fire
19. How are producers related to omnivores?
Omnivores eat producers
20. How are secondary consumers related to tertiary and primary consumers?
Secondary consumers eat primary consumers but are eaten by tertiary consumers
21. What tropic level eats only autotrophs?
Primary consumers because autotrophs are plants and primary consumers are herbivoures.
22. In the past, Native American Indians buried dead fish along with corn seeds. This technique was used because the decomposing dead fish would give nutrients for the corn seeds to grow.
23. As the population of small fish in a lake decreases, the population of large fish that depend on the small fish for food will decreae.

9. What two organisms show a primary consumer eating a producer?
The cricket eating the plant.
If the numbers of frogs increase what happens to the snake and cricket populations?
As the frogs increase the snake population will start to increase too because it will have more to eat but the cricket population will decrease because there will be more frogs to eat them.
If most of the plants dies during a summer drought what effect does this have on the food chain?
The population of all the animals will decrease because producers are the base of an ecosystem.

12. Important Concepts of Population Dynamics– define the concepts below and if applicable give an example
Autotrophs – make their food Ex: plants
Heterotrophs – eat other organisms Ex: animals
Mutualism – both animals benefit Ex: ants and aphides – ants protect the tree and the tree gives ants food
Parasitism – one animal benefits and the other is harmed Ex: some mites live and feed on insects
Predator and prey – one organisms feeds on another organism
The food chain – flow of energy between organisms in an ecosystem
What is intraspecific competition? – organism of the same species compete for the same resources
Carrying Capacity – maximum number of organisms a habitat can support
What is interspecific competition? – organisms of different species compete for the same resources
What are population cycles. – populations of organisms rise and fall in patterns of booms and bust