1. Heitor Villa-Lobos
Karita Mattila: Aria from Bachianas Brasileiras no. 5

2. Brazil: A world within
Miguel López
2017
América Latina

4. Brazil

5. Portugal - Spain

7. Treaties
Treaty of Alcáçovas Portugal: Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde
Castilla: Canary Islands
1481 Portugal: South Canary Islands  Africa
Inter caetera Pope Alexander VI
Treaty of Tordesillas World: Western part exclusive to Spain and the east part to Portugal.
Treaty of Zaragoza Asia

8. Treaty of Tordesillas

9. Portugal- Vasco da Gama

10. Pedro Álvares Cabral

11. Pedro Álvares Cabral

12. King Manuel I of Portugal.
An expedition to India.
13 ships left on March 9, 1500, following the route of Vasco da Gama.
On April 22, 1500, he sighted land (Brazil), claiming it for Portugal and naming it the "Island of the True Cross.“
Brazil (pau brasil)
Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10 days and then continued on his way to India

13. Portuguese Empire

14. Pau Brasil (Brazilwood)

15. Slavery

16. SUGAR CANE Portuguese cultivate sugar on the east coast of Brazil.
Growing number of sugar plantations demanded more workers.
Amerindian population had become smaller.
Labor shortage  import slaves from Africa into Brazil to work on the plantations.

17. ECONOMY, PERIODS A case: Soybean
1. timber (Pau Brasil) in the first years of colonization
2. sugarcane in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
3. precious metals (gold) and gems (diamonds) in the eighteenth century;
4. coffee and cattle in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
5. land rich in natural resources principally iron ore, bauxite, manganese, nickel, uranium, gold, gemstones, oil, and timber.

18. Branqueamento
Brazil  one of the last countries to end the slave trade and slavery.
The Brazilian economy depended on African slave labor.
1850: Brazil abolished the trade in slaves in 1850
1888: All slaves in Brazil were set free.
Racial discrimination.
Branqueamento = Whitening  to make the people of Brazil more white, and less black.
Brazil did not allow non-Europeans into the country.
Cultural branqueamento.

19. Tiradentes (1746 - 21.4.1792) José Joaquim da Silva Xavier

20. Decline of the sugar industry in the 17th century Portuguese colonizers operating on the coast of Brazil go inland they found gold and diamonds
Photo: Sebastiao Salgado, 1986
Gold Mine of Serra Pelada, Federal State of Para.

21. Cattle & Coffee

22. Getulio Vargas - Juscelino Kubitschek - Luiz Inácio ”Lula” da Silva
In 1889 Brazil became a Republic and introduced a new Constitution.
The first 30 years were marked by the politics of “Coffee with Milk”, a reference to the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo (respectively producers of dairy and coffee), which took turns governing Brazil.
In 1930, led by Getúlio Vargas, the country embarked on a new industrial and urban development model. Basic human rights and workers’ rights were implemented  The New State
From 1960, Juscelino Kubitschek made good on his campaign promise to build a brand new capital, Brasilia, and achieve “50 years of development in 5 years”

23. QUEREMISMO 
“Love as a principle and order as the basis; progress as the goal“
(Auguste Compte)

24. Juscelino Kubitschek 1956-1961
BRASILIA

25. Brasilia - Oscar Niemeyer

26. João Goulart 1961-1964 Reformas de Base
Strong state intervention in the economy.
Education reform: Paulo Freire method (Sorrettujen pedagogiikka, Pedagogia do oprimido, Pedagogy of the Oppressed). Prohibited the operation of private schools. 15% of the income produced in Brazil would be directed to education.
Tax reform: control of profits transfer by multinational companies with headquarters abroad  the profit should be reinvested in Brazil. Income tax would be proportional to personal profit.
Land reform: properties larger than 600 hectares would be expropriated and redistributed to the population by the government.
Urban reform: people could own only a single house. Those who had more than one urban property would have to donate them or sell their properties at low prices.

27. Military government

28. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 2003-2010

29. BRAZIL: politics
LULA DA SILVA
DILMA ROUSSEFF

30. Pais Tropical - Sergio Mendes
Moro num país tropical abençoado por Deus e bonito por natureza.
Em fevereiro, tem carnaval, e tenho um fusca e um violão.
Sou flamengo e tenho uma nega chamada Tereza
Sambaby , Sambaby posso não ser um band leader, pois é.
Mas lá em casa todos issos tipos me respeitam, pois é.
E essa é a razão da simpatia, do poder, e da alegria.

31. José Carioca - Zé Carioca
Joe Carioca
José Carioca - Zé Carioca

32. Violence in Brazil is criminal rather than political? Favelas: Rocinha

33. Manaus

34. Amazon

35. AMAZON

37. The Sambadrome (Sambódromo)

38. Jorge Amado (1912-2001) 1978 Bahia Latin american boom Jubiabá (1935)
Modernism (= no realism)
Magic realism = blends magical or fantastical elements with reality

40. Yes, we can!

41. Samba Dance - Learn how to dance samba http://www. youtube. com/watch